affirmative-重剑
大作文话题写作思路参考
文明类
Tourism,
Education, Government, Women and Families,
Language and Culture, Technology and the
Media, Development and Globalization
野蛮类
Crime, Animals, Environmental Problems
IELTS Writing: tourism
Do
the benefits of tourism outweigh the
drawbacks?
Positives of
tourism:
1.
Personal
perspective:
Tourism is a popular
leisure activity. Tourists can relax, have fun,
'recharge their batteries', and
experience different customs and cultures (sight-
seeing,
sunbathing, visiting monuments,
tasting new cuisine). Travel opens our minds. It
can broaden
our horizons.
2.
Economic
perspective:
The tourism industry is
vital for some countries. People rely on
tourism for their income. Tourism
attracts investment from governments and
companies. It
creates employment due to
demand for goods and services (hotels,
entertainment etc.). It helps
to
improve the standard of living.
Negatives of tourism:
1.
Environmental perspective:
Tourism can have a negative impact on the
environment.
Excessive building (roads,
hotels etc.) destroys natural habitats and spoils
the landscape.
Tourism creates
pollution and waste. It puts pressure on local
resources such as food, water
and
energy.
2.
Economic perspective:
Tourism may cause a rise in the cost of
living. Prices of goods and
services go
up. Tourists buy second homes. All of this affects
local people.
3.
Cultural perspective:
Local
traditions may be lost. Traditional jobs and
skills die out (e.g.
farming, fishing).
Local people are forced to work in the tourist
industry.
IELTS Writing:
'parents and children' topic
Many
people believe that parents are not as close to
their children as they used to be. Suggest
some reasons why this could be
true.
Parents and their
children seem to be less close nowadays. Perhaps
the main reason for this is that both parents
often work full-time and therefore
spend less time with their children. Whereas women
traditionally stayed at home to
cook,
clean and look after children, many mothers now
choose to work or are forced to do so. This means
that
children may be left alone, or
with nannies or babysitters. Busy parents have
less contact with their children and less
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energy to enjoy family activities. Many
families no longer eat meals together, and
children are given the freedom to
go
out with friends, watch television or chat on the
Internet for hours.
IELTS
Writing: study abroad
More and more
students are choosing to study at colleges and
universities in a foreign country.
Do
the benefits of studying abroad outweigh the
drawbacks?
Benefits of
studying abroad:
?
?
?
?
?
?
Many students travel abroad to study at
a prestigious university.
The best universities employ lecturers
who are experts in their fields.
Qualifications gained abroad can open
doors to better job opportunities.
Living in a foreign country can broaden
students' horizons.
Overseas students are exposed to
different cultures and customs.
They can immerse themselves in a
language.
Drawbacks of
studying abroad:
?
?
?
?
?
?
Living away from home can be
challenging.
Students have
problems with paperwork such as visa applications.
The language barrier can
cause difficulties.
Students have to find accommodation and
pay bills.
Many students
feel homesick and miss their families.
Some students experience culture shock.
IELTS Writing:
education / practical skills
Some
people think that school children need to learn
practical skills such as car maintenance
or bank account management along with
the academic subjects at school. To what extent do
you agree or disagree?
1. Introduce the topic then give your
opinion
I would write that
it is true that children learn academic subjects
at school, but not many practical skills.
However, I would then disagree that
schools should teach skills like bank account
management and
car maintenance.
2. First supporting
paragraph
I would write a
paragraph about the importance of academic
subjects like maths, science, languages
etc. We live in a knowledge-based
economy where independent thinking and problem
solving are the
most important skills.
With timetables already full, schools do not have
time to teach children anything
else.
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3.
Second supporting paragraph
I would argue that bank account
management is a 'life skill' that anyone can learn
by simply opening a
bank account. Most
adults have no problem managing their finances
without being taught accounting
lessons
at school. Other skills like car maintenance are
not really necessary. Most people take their
cars to a qualified mechanic.
4. Conclusion
Repeat the idea that schools are
already doing a good job teaching the traditional
academic subjects.
If they start to
teach practical skills, the study of important
academic subjects will suffer.
IELTS
Writing: 'children' topic
What problems
do children face in today's world? What should we
do to address or solve these
problems?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
The lack of
closeness in families can have a negative effect
on children.
Many parents
have no idea how their children spend their time.
Friends, television and the
Internet have become the main influences on
c
hildren?s
behavior.
Teenagers are influenced by
peer pressure.
Juvenile
delinquency is on the increase.
Parents should be more involved with
their children?s upbringing.
Young people need positive role models.
IELTS Writing: governments
A lot of IELTS Writing questions ask
you to give opinions about what governments should
do in
relation to an issue. Governments
can have an influence on almost everything:
environment, crime,
television,
advertising, work etc.
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
Governments
provide public services like healthcare and
education.
They introduce
new laws.
They raise money
by taxing working people.
They can spend money on campaigns to
educate people.
They can
raise people's awareness of issues.
They can create new jobs.
They can provide resources for schools,
hospitals etc.
They can
support people who are living in poverty or unable
to work.
So, if the
question asks you to suggest what governments
should do to reduce obesity, you could write this:
importance of regular
exercise and a healthy diet. Perhaps they should
also introduce new laws to ban
the
advertising of junk food to
children.
IELTS Writing: 'bottled water'
topic
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Water is a natural resource that should
always be free. Governments should ban the sale of
bottled water.
To
what extent do you agree or disagree?
Here are some opinions that you could
use:
?
?
?
?
?
?
Some people
believe that bottled water is healthier than tap
water.
They also argue that
it tastes better.
Other
people believe that we should consume less bottled
water.
Plastic water
bottles add to litter and waste problems.
Companies should not be
able to make a profit from a natural resource.
There is no difference in
quality between bottled and tap water.
Governments should ensure that everyone
has access to clean tap water.
IELTS Writing: public/private
healthcare
State Health Systems:
Advantages
?
?
?
?
?
Good healthcare should be available to
everyone for free.
State
healthcare is paid by the government using money
from taxes.
Everyone has
access to the same quality of care and treatment.
Private healthcare is
unfair because only wealthy people can afford it.
The National Health Service
in the UK provides free healthcare for every
resident. (use this as
an example)
Private Healthcare:
Advantages
?
?
?
?
?
State hospitals are often very large
and difficult to run.
Private hospitals have shorter waiting
lists for operations and appointments.
Patients can benefit from faster
treatment.
Many people
prefer to pay for more a personal service.
Patients have their own
room and more comfortable facilities.
IELTS Writing: money and consumerism
Many people say that we now live in
'consumer societies' where money and possessions
are
given too much importance. Others
believe that consumer culture has played a vital
role in
improving our lives. Discuss
both views and give your opinion.
General ideas:
a
consumer society, materialistic, earn money, make
money, make a profit, success, material
possessions, connect wealth with
happiness, status symbols, the power of
advertising.
Positives of
consumerism:
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employment, income,
salaries, products that we need, reduce poverty,
better standard of living, quality
of
life, creativity and innovation, trade between
countries.
Negatives:
Create waste, use natural resources,
damage to the environment, throw-away culture,
people become
greedy, selfish, money
does not make us happy, loss of traditional
values.
IELTS writing: health topic
Despite huge improvements in
healthcare, the overall standard of physical
health in many
developed countries is
now falling. What could be the reason for this
trend, and what can be
done to reverse
it?
Lifestyle is a major
cause of poor health in developed countries. Most
people now travel by car rather
than
walking, and machines now perform many traditional
manual jobs. As a result, people tend to
work in offices where little physical
activity is required. At home, people are also
less active; most
adults relax by
watching television, while children play video
games rather than doing outdoor sports.
Technology has therefore made our lives
more comfortable but perhaps less healthy.
IELTS Writing: city problems
More and more people are migrating to
cities in search of a better life, but city life
can be
extremely difficult. Explain
some of the difficulties of living in a city. How
can governments
make urban life better
for everyone?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
Life in cities
has its drawbacks.
The cost
of living is higher than in rural areas.
Housing is usually much
more expensive.
Homelessness and poverty are common in
cities.
There is a gap
between the rich and poor.
Life in cities can be extremely
stressful.
There are
problems like traffic congestion and crime.
Cities lack a sense of
community.
People do not
even know their neighbors.
Cities are sometimes described as
“concrete jungles”.
IELTS
Writing: 'road safety' topic
Despite
improvements in vehicle technology, there are
still large numbers of road accidents.
Explain some of the causes of these
accidents, and suggest some measures that could be
taken to address the
problem.
Causes:
Driving while tired or drunk is
extremely dangerous.
?
Mobile phones
can be a dangerous distraction for drivers.
?
They draw the driver?s attention away
fr
om the road.
?
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Solutions:
The use of phones while driving has
been banned in many countries.
?
Punishments are
becoming stricter.
?
Television
campaigns are used to remind people to drive
safely.
?
Speed cameras have become more common.
?
IELTS Writing: 'gender and university'
essay
Universities should accept equal
numbers of male and female students in every
subject. To
what extent do you agree or
disagree?
Here are some ideas:
1.
Introduction: We decided
to completely disagree with the question
statement. You don't need to
explain
both sides of the argument. Just give your opinion
in the introduction, and then support
it in the main body paragraphs.
2.
Paragraph 2:
One reason why we decided to disagree is that it
would not be practical or
realistic to
have exactly the same number of males and females
on every course. Some
courses have
mainly male applicants, while others are more
popular with females.
3.
Paragraph 3: Another reason we
disagreed is that it would not be fair to base
admission to
courses on gender.
Universities should select candidates based on
their qualifications, skills,
experience etc.
4.
Conclusion: Repeat the
idea that selecting according to gender is not the
best way to ensure
equal opportunities
for men and women at university.
In my opinion, men and women should
have the same educational opportunities. However,
I do not
agree with the idea of
accepting equal proportions of each gender in
every university subject.
Having the
same number of men and women on all degree courses
is simply unrealistic. Student
numbers
on any course depend on the applications that the
institution receives. If a university decided
to fill courses with equal numbers of
males and females, it would need enough applicants
of each
gender. In reality, many
courses are more popular with one gender than the
other, and it would not be
practical to
aim for equal proportions. For example, nursing
courses tend to attract more female
applicants, and it would be difficult
to fill these courses if fifty per cent of the
places needed to go to
males.
Apart from the practical concerns
expressed above, I also believe that it would be
unfair to base
admission to university
courses on gender. Universities should continue to
select the best candidates
for each
course according to their qualifications. In this
way, both men and women have the same
opportunities, and applicants know that
they will be successful if they work hard to
achieve good
grades at school. If a
female student is the best candidate for a place
on a course, it would be wrong
to
reject her in favor of a male student with lower
grades or fewer qualifications.
In
conclusion, the selection of university students
should be based on merit, and it would be both
impractical and unfair to change to a
selection procedure based on gender.
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IELTS Writing
Task 2: 'women and work' topic
Women
should have an equal role alongside men in both
police and armed forces. To what
extent
do you agree or disagree?
1.
Introduction: topic + response
- Introduce the topic e.g.
-
Respond to the question e.g.
2. First
reason why I agree: equal opportunities
explain why women should have the same
right as men to choose their profession. People
should be
chosen for jobs according to
their skills, qualifications, character etc.
3. Second reason why I agree: women's
capabilities
I would
disagree with the view that women are less able
than men to do certain jobs. Also, I would
argue that policewomen, for example,
may be better at controlling a situation by
communicating more
effectively. Police
and military work requires more than just physical
strength. Teamwork, leadership
and
communication can be much more important.
4. Conclusion: one sentence
Repeat your response in a different
way.
IELTS Writing: global
language argument
Negatives of English
as a global language:
The
expansion of English has also been criticized.
Some people worry that if one language, like
English, becomes dominant, other
languages may disappear. Languages spoken by small
communities could become extinct as
people learn English in order to find work. This
would obviously
have a negative effect
on local cultures, customs and traditions because
the new dominant language
would bring
its own culture with it. For example, the
expansion of English has happened alongside the
increasing popularity of American
culture. The American film, music and fashion
industries are as
dominant as global
American companies and products, such as Microsoft
or the iPod. Some people
call this
?cultural imperialism?, meaning that one culture
has power over others.
IELTS
Writing Task 2: 'minority languages' essay
Several languages are in danger of
extinction because they are spoken by very small
numbers of people.
Some people say that
governments should spend public money on saving
these languages, while others
believe
that would be a waste of money. Discuss both these
views and give your opinion.
It is true that some minority languages
may disappear in the near future. Although it can
be argued
that governments could save
money by allowing this to happen, I believe that
these languages should
be protected and
preserved.
There are several reasons
why saving minority languages could be seen as a
waste of money. Firstly,
if a language
is only spoken by a small number of people,
expensive education programs will be
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needed to make
sure that more people learn it, and the state will
have to pay for facilities, teachers
and marketing. This money might be
better spent on other public services. Secondly,
it would be much
cheaper and more
efficient for countries to have just one language.
Governments could cut all kinds of
costs related to communicating with
each minority group.
Despite the above
arguments, I believe that governments should try
to preserve languages that are
less
widely spoken. A language is much more than simply
a means of communication; it has a vital
connection with the cultural identity
of the people who speak it. If a language
disappears, a whole way
of life will
disappear with it, and we will lose the rich
cultural diversity that makes societies more
interesting. By spending money to
protect minority languages, governments can also
preserve
traditions, customs and
behaviors
that are part of a country?s
history.
In conclusion, it
may save money in the short term if we allow
minority languages to disappear, but in
the long term this would have an
extremely negative impact on our cultural
heritage.
IELTS Writing: what is
happiness?
Happiness is considered very
important in life.
Why is it
difficult to define? What factors are
important in achieving happiness?
(Cambridge IELTS 4, page 55):
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
Happiness means
different things to different people.
It can be described as a feeling of
pleasure or enjoyment.
People enjoy spending time with family
and friends.
Hobbies,
sports and games can be a source of fun and
enjoyment.
Some people see
money as a source of happiness.
Other people define happiness as
something deeper.
They need
to feel that they are doing something useful with
their lives.
Some people
get a sense of achievement from their work.
Others find happiness in
bringing up their children.
IELTS Writing: 'sports salaries' topic
Some people believe that the salaries
paid to professional sportspeople are too high,
while
others argue that sports salaries
are fair.
Discuss both views and give
your opinion.
View 1: sports
salaries are too high
?
?
?
?
?
Sports professionals earn too much
money.
They do not provide
a vital service.
Football
players earn enormous salaries by simply kicking a
ball.
We could all live
happily without professional football.
We should value professionals such as
nurses and teachers more highly.
View 2: sports salaries are fair
?
It
is fair that the best sportspeople earn a lot of
money.
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