删除英文中医英语常用语

在经络和器官里并引起痰证的痰。

3. The production of phlegm is mainly associated with a dysfunction in the transformation,

transportation and elimination of fluid resulting from disorders of the lungs, spleen and kidneys.

Phlegm is a progression of dampness, but is heavier and thicker than dampness, and even more

likely to cause blockage and obstruction. Phlegm is both the result and cause of disharmony.

痰的生成主要与肺脾和肾脏病变引起的运化和排泄水液 功能失调有关。痰是湿之甚

,

但

比湿厚 重

,

甚至更易于引起阻滞和闭塞。痰既是失调的结果

,

有时失调的原因。

4.

The spleen is said to form phlegm, and the lungs are said to store it.

Phlegm may be

both the cause and result of the failure of the

dispersing and descending function

of the lungs.

脾是生痰之源

,

肺为储痰之器。肺失宣降可以引起痰，痰也可以导致肺失宣降。

5. This can manifest as

fullness

and distension in the epigastrium, borborygmus,

loose stools

,

lethargy

[ ?leθ?

d

?

i:]

, and

generalized heavy sensation

.

这可以表现为胃脘部胀满

,

肠鸣

,

便溏

,

昏睡

,

及全身困重。

6.

Deficiency

of

kidney

yang

may

lead

to

a

dysfunction

in

the

transformation

of

water,

causing water to flood upward, and resulting in the formation of phlegm.

肾阳虚可导致 水湿运化失常

,

从而引起水液上泛

,

形成痰液。

7. Exophthalmic goiter is a condition marked by protrusion of the eyeballs, increased heart

action,

enlargement

of

the

thyroid

gland,

weight

loss,

nervousness,

fine

tremor

of

the

extended

fingers and tongue, altered bowel activity, heat intolerance, and excessive sweating.

眼球突出性甲状腺的特征是眼球突出

,

心跳加快，甲状腺增大，体重下降，紧张

,

指端

微微颤动

,

大便失常

,

恶热

,

多汗等。

8.

In

traditional

Chinese

medicine,

this

condition

is

regarded

as

arising

from

emotional

distress

or

frustration,

which

may

cause

stagnation

of

the

liver

qi

and

spleen

qi

and

the

accumulation of phlegm.

在中医里，这中病理状态被看作是情志不遂所致

,

可引起肝脾之气郁结及痰液聚积。

9. If, in addition, this prolonged

stagnation of the qi has transformed into fire

, there may

be damage to the heart yin with irritability,

mental restlessness, and palpitations.

另外，如果气郁化火

,

则可伤心阴

,

症见易怒

,

心烦和心悸等。

< br>(

六

)

八纲相关翻译

1

．

The

manifestations

of

diseases,

though

complicated,

can

be

generalized

into

certain

patterns in the light of the eight principles.

疾病的表现尽管极其复杂，但基本上都可以用八纲加以归纳。

2

．

So it is said in Su Wen “the experienced diagnosticians inspect complexion and take pulse

to differentiate yin and yang first.”

所以《素问》说：

“善诊者，察色按脉，先别阴阳。

< br>”

3

．

G

enerally

speaking,

any

syndromes

that

correspond

to

“yin”

in

nature

are

termed

yin

syndromes,

such

as

interior

syndrome,

cold

syndrome

and

asthenia

syndrome;

while

any

syndromes

that

correspond

to

“yang”

in

nature

are

termed

yang

syndromes,

such

as

exterio

r

syndrome, heat syndrome and sthenia syndrome.

一般地讲，

凡 符合

“阴”

的属性的证候称为阴证，

如 里证、

寒证、

虚证等；

凡符合

“阳”

的属性的证候称为阳证，如表证、热证、实证等。

4

．

lying with the knees drawn up

蜷卧

5

．

The

differentiation

of

syndromes

according

to

the

exterior

and

interior

syndromes

is

applicable to exogenous diseases for the purpose of detecting the depth of transmission and the

development of pathological changes.

表里辨证适用于外感病，可察知病情的轻 重深浅及病理变化的趋势。

6

．

Interior penetration of the exogenous pathogenic factors indicates progress of the disease

while exterior withdrawal of the endogenous pathogenic factors suggests receding of the disease.

表邪入里为病进，里邪出表为病退。

7

．

The interior syndrome, usually seen at the middle and late stages of exogenous diseases

or

endogenous

diseases,

is

usually

caused

by

interior

transmission

of

the

unrelieved

exogenous

pathogenic factors into the viscera, or by direct invasion of exogenous pathogenic factors into the

viscera, or by impairment of the viscera by emotional factors, improper diet and overstrain.

里证多见于外感病的中后期或内伤 病，一般由外邪不解内传入里，侵犯脏腑所致，或

外邪直接侵犯脏腑而成，或情志内伤， 饮食劳倦等因素直接损伤脏腑。

8

．

That

is

what

imp

lied

in

the

statement

of

“predomination

of

yang

generating

heat

and

predomination of yin generating cold”.

这就是“阳盛则热，阴盛则寒”的含义。

9

．

floating whitish complexion

[k

?m?plek??

n]

（面色）

晄白

10

．

bland taste in the mouth

口淡

11

．

profuse and clear urine

小便清长

12

．

interior penetration of heat transformed from pathogenic cold, or heat transformed from

extreme changes of emotions, or heat accumulating from improper diet

寒邪化热入里，或七情过激，郁而化热，或饮食不节，积 蓄为热。

13

．

scanty and brownish urine

小便短赤

14

．

Asthenia means insufficiency of healthy qi and sthenia means exuberance of pathogenic

factors.

虚指正气不足，实指邪气盛实。

15

．

Asthenia syndrome, including asthenia of yin, yang, qi, blood, essence, body fluid and

the viscera, is caused either by congenital insufficiency or postnatal malnutrition.

虚证包括阴、阳、气、血、精、津，以及脏腑等各种不同的虚 损，由先天不足和后天

失调所引起。

16

．

However, the main cause of asthenia syndrome is usually the postnatal malnutrition, such

as weakness of the stomach and spleen due to improper diet, impairment of visceral qi and blood

due to emotional factors and overstrain, consumption of kidney essence due to excessive sexual

activity and damage of healthy qi due to prolonged illness or improper treatment.

但虚证主要还是由后天失调所引起， 如饮食失调、后天不固；七情劳倦，内伤脏腑气

血；房室过度，耗伤肾脏元真之气；或久 病失治疗误治等。

17

．

pale whitish or sallow

[?s?l??

]

complexion,

面色淡白或萎黄

18

．

light- coloured, bulgy and tender tongue

舌淡胖嫩

19

．

feverish sensation over the five centers (palms, soles and chest)

五心烦热

20

．

unpalpable abdominal pain

腹痛拒按

21

．

Though classified into different categories, they are inseparable and interconnected.

八纲虽然可以分为不同的类型，但实际上是相互关联的，不可 截然分开。

(

七

)

望诊

Inspection

of

complexion

means

to

observe

the

facial

changes

in

colour

and

luster.

Generally speaking, reddish complexion indicates heat syndromes; whitish complexion indicates

cold and asthenia syndrome; yellowish complexion indicates asthenia

[?s?θi:nj?

]

（虚弱）

and

dampness syndromes; bluish complexion suggests pain and cold syndrome, blood stasis

[?steisis]

（停滞）

and convulsion

[k

?n?v?

l

??

n]

（惊厥、

抽搐）

; and blackish complexion shows asthenia

of the kidney, blood stasis and fluid retention

[ri?ten??

n]

（阻滞）

< br>.

（八）脉象

Floating

pulse

(Fu

Mai):

Exterior

syndrome

(floating

and

forceful

pulse

indicating

exterior

sthenia syndrome while floating and weak pulse indicating exterior asthenia syndrome);

Deep

pulse

(Chen

Mai):

Interior

syndrome

(deep

and

forceful

pulse

indicating

interior

sthenia syndrome while deep and weak pulse indicating interior asthenia syndrome);

Slow

pulse

(Chi

Mai):

Cold

syndrome

(slow

and

forceful

pulse

indicating

cold-sthenia

syndrome while slow and weak pulse indicating asthenia-cold syndrome);

Rapid

pulse

(Shuo

Mai):

Heat

syndrome

(rapid

and

forceful

pulse

indicating

sthenia-heat

while rapid and weak pulse indicating asthenia-heat);

Weak pulse (Xu Mai): Asthenia syndrome (often asthenia of both qi and blood);

Forceful pulse (Shi Mai): Sthenia syndrome;

Slippery pulse (Hua Mai): Retention of phlegm and food, sthenia-heat;

Astringent pulse (Se Mai): Consumption of essence, deficiency of blood, stagnation of qi and

stasis of blood;

Full pulse (Hong Mai): Exuberance of heat and pathogenic factors;

Thin pulse (Xi Mai): Asthenia of yin-blood and dampness;

Soft pulse (Ru Mai): Various conditions of asthenia and dampness;

Taut

pulse

(Xian

Mai):

Liver

and

gallbladder

disease,

various

kinds

of

pain

problems,

phlegm and retention of fluid;

Tense pulse (Jin Mai): Pain and cold;

Rapid irregular intermittent pulse (Cu Mai): Sthenia-heat due to exuberance of yang, phlegm,

retention of fluid and food;

Knotted pulse (Jie Mai): Qi stagnation due to predomination of yin, phlegm stagnation and

blood stasis;

Slow

regular

intermittent

pulse

(Dai

Mai):

Declination

of

visceral

qi,

wind

and

pain

syndrome, fright and traumatic injury.

1

．

Traditional Chinese medicine holds that, with the opposition and unity relationships the

body keeps a dynamic equilibrium between the internal and external environments and the viscera

and the tissues due to the relationships of opposition and unity among them.

（八）病因

中医学认为，人体各脏腑 组织之间，以及人体与外界环境之间，既对立又统一，维持

着相对的动态平衡。