互换高考阅读理解得分低？那是你不会分析长难句!(附历年高考英语长难句100例)

【分析】句子主干为

Economists analysed findings

。

from the University of Sussex

作

econom ists

的定语

;from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health

作

findings

的定语

;a

15-year

research

project

作

the

National

Longitudinal

Study

of

Adolescent

Health

的同位语

;charting

...

作

project

的定语

引导定语从句修饰

teenagers< /p>

。

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3

寻关联，辩逻辑

< br>一些长句其实是由若干分句组成的并列句或复合句。而这些并列句或复合句之间需要

一些关联词来连接。

如果我们找准这些关联词，就能够弄清楚句与句之间的逻辑关系， 分

别弄清主句的意义和从句的意义，则长句就容易对付得多了。

要掌握此方法必须对英语中

的常见的关联词谙熟于心。如：

Whether you get along well with your professors or not has a huge effect

on your self growth as it is a measure of how well you can respect authority

and obey requirements.

【句意】你 与教授相处是否融洽对你的自身发展起着重要的作用，因为这是衡量你是

否尊重权威和服 从要求的标准。

【分析】此句为复合句，句中

whether

引导主语从句，

as

引导原因状语从句，

how

well

引导从句作介词

of

的宾语。

4

看搭配，防分隔

< br>有时一个长句或难句是由一个或多个搭配构成，而且这些搭配中常常出现分隔现象。

读者若受分隔现象的干扰而看不清句子的本来面目，则对句意的理解就会发生偏差。如：

Some companies have made the manufacturing of clean and safe products,

to some degree, their main selling points and emphasize it in their advertising.

【句意】一些公司把生产的卫生的、安全的产品，从某种程度上说，当作他们的卖点，

【分析】

其实本句是一个

“主语

+

谓 语

+

宾语

+

宾 语补足语”

句型

“

make+

宾语

+

宾

补”，即“使……成为……”，只不过宾语和宾补被“

to some degree

”隔开而已。

总之，在碰到长句和难句时，要根据实际情况灵活运用上述方法，在平时阅读过程中

要 加强对长句和难句的句法分析训练。有时要几种方法综合使用才能正确理解句意。如：

The

fact

that

members

of

one

culture

do

not

express

their

emotions

as

openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not experience

emotions.

【句意】

一种文 化背景下的人不像另一种文化背景下的人一样直率地表达他们的情感，

这一事实并不意味 着他们没有这些情感。

【分析】本句的主干为

The

fact

does

not

mean

that ...

，其中，

that

they

do

not

experience

emotions

是从句作

mean

的宾语。

that

members

of

one

culture

do

not

express their emotions as openly as do members of another

为

fact

的同位语从句，其

中

as do members of another

是状语从句，助动词

do

位于主语

members of another

形成倒装，主语后省略了

express their emotions

。

历 年高考英语长难句

100

例

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/

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分析 长难句对于提高英语阅读水平有着非常重要的作用，

今天分享历年高考英语长难句

100

例，大家可以运用上面讲的方法好好读一读、分析分析，希望对 你有帮助。

put

forward

by

the

French

mathematician

Pierre

de

Format

in

the

seventeenth century, the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical

minds, including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working

out the problem, and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the

Ecolab polytechnique.

这个定理，先 是由十七世纪法国数学家皮尔法特提出，曾使一批杰出的数学大师为难，包括

一位法国女 科学家，她在解决这个难题方面取得了重大的进展，她曾女扮男装为了能够在伊科尔

理工 学院学习。

简析：夹杂过去分词短语，现在分词短语，动名词 及两个定语从句。

2. It is difficult to measure the quantity of paper used as a result of use of

Internet-connected

computers, although just

about anyone

who works

in an

office can tell you that when e-mail is introduced, the printers start working

overtime. That is, the growing demand for paper in recent years is largely due

to the increased use of the Internet. < /p>

由于因特网的使用，计算所使用的纸张的数量是很难的，然而几乎任何在办公室工作

的人能告诉你，当引进电子邮件后，打印机就开始超时工作。也就是说近年来人们对于纸

张的日益需求主要是由于因特网越来越多的使用。

简析：夹杂较复杂的句型结构，关键词

just about< /p>

几乎

;overtime

超时地。

3.

Perhaps

the

best

sign

of

how

computer

and

internet

use

pushes

up

demand

for

paper

comes

from

the

high- tech

industry

itself,

which

sees

printing as one of its most promising new market.

或许，表明电脑及因特网使用促进人们对于纸张的需求的最好 迹象源于高科技产业本

身，印刷业被认为是高科技产业极有前景的新市场之一。

简析：夹杂较复杂的句型结构，关键词

pro mising

有前途的。

4. The action group has also found acceptable paper made from materials

other than wood, such as agricultural waste.

这个行动组也发现一种人 们可接受的纸，

制成这种纸的原料不是木料，

而是农业废料。< /p>

简析：关键词

other than

而不是。

5.

Mostly

borrowed

from

English

and

Chinese,

these

terms

are

often

changed into forms no longer understood by native speakers.

这些术语，主要从英语和汉语引入，经常会 变成不再被说本族语的人们理解的形式。

简析：关键词

term

术语。

6.

It

is

one

of

many

language

books

that

are

now

flying

off

booksellers

’

shelves.

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它是现在很畅销的许多外语书中的一本。

简析：比喻生动形象。

7. The mass media and government white papers play an important part in

the spread of foreign words.

大众传播媒介和政府白皮书

(

< br>正式报告

)

在外国词传播过程中起重要作用。

简析：关键词

the mass media and government white papers

大众传播媒介和

(

正式报告

)

。

from

Animal

Hospital

will

delight

all

fans

of

the

programme

and

anyone

who

was

a

lively

interest

in

their

pet,

whether

it

be

a

cat

、

dog

or

snake!

来自动物医院

(

这个电视节目

)

的故事

(

这本书

)

，将使这个电视节目的爱 好者以及对无

论是猫、狗还是蛇这类宠物有浓厚兴趣的任何人感到高兴。

简析：关键词

fans

…爱 好者，

whether

…

or

…，无论是…还是…。

9. Newton is shown as a gifted scientist with very human weaknesses who

stood at the point in history where magic ended and science began.

也有普通人所特有的弱点。

简析：夹杂两个定语从句。

10. But for all the texts that are written, stored and sent electronically, a

lot of them are still ending up on paper.

但对于所有这些以电子手段记 录，贮存及传递的文本而言，许多文本仍要

(

打印

)

在纸

上。

简析：关键词

text

文本

;end up

最后成为

(

处于

)

。

their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love,

dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader

to

gain confidence,

according to Intermountain Therapy Animals(ITA)

in

salt

Lake City.

据盐湖城的

I TA

的观点，闪烁的棕色眼睛，摇着尾巴，并有无条件的爱心，狗能成为

无判断力的

(

忠实的

)

听者，这是刚开始搞阅读的小孩所需要的。

简析：夹杂

with

构成的介词短语及过去分词短语。

12. The Salt Lake City public library is sold on the idea.

这家盐湖城公共图书馆接受这个观点。

简析：关键词

sell on (to)

使接受。

13. Discovered by the Portuguese admiral of the same name in 1506, and

settled in 1810, the island belongs to Great Britain and has

a population of a

few hundred.

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这个 岛屿，于

1506

年被同名的葡萄牙上将发现，在

1810

年有人居住，现在属于英

国，人口数有几百 人。

简析：有两个过去分词短语作状语。

14.

They

had

no

connection

with

the

outside

world

for

more

than

a

thousand

years,

giving

them

plenty

of

time

to

build

more

than

1000

huge

stone figures, called moat, for which the island is most famous.

他们已有一千多年与外界没有联系，这给他们充足的时间来修建

1000

多座巨大的石

像，被称为莫艾，因为有这个东西这个岛屿极其出名。< /p>

简析：夹杂有现在分词短语，过去分词短语及定语从句。

15. Our parties are aimed for children 2 to 10 and they

’

re very interactive

and creative in that they build a sense of drama based on a subject.

我们的

(

生日

)

聚会针对两到十岁的小孩，它们互动感强，富有创新，因为它们能基于

一个主 题构建一种戏剧的氛围。

简析：关键词

aim for

针对

;in that

在于。

16. The most important idea behind the kind of party planning described

here is that it brings parents and children closer together.

在 这里叙述的这种筹备

(

生日

)

聚会的计划所带有的最重要的观点在于它能让父母和孩

子的关系更加密切 。

简析：夹杂过去分词短语及表语从句。

had realized that the words:

“

one of six to eight

”

under the first

picture in the book connected the hare in some way to Katherine of Aragon,

the first of Henry VIII

’

s six wives.

他曾认识到那本书里第一幅图画下面的那些词“一、六、八”在某些方面将这个野兔

和 阿拉甘的凯撒英，即亨利八世的六个妻子当中的第一个妻子，联系起来。

简析：夹杂宾语从句及过去分词短语。

one

day

he

came

across

two

stone

crosses

in

Ampthill

park

and

learnt that they had been built in her honor in 1773.

直到有一天他 在阿帕斯尔公园碰巧看见两个石制的十字架，他才懂得在

1773

年修建

这两个十字架是为了向她表示敬意。

简析：关键词

come across

碰巧遇见，

in one

’

s honor

纪念某人。

19. It is Sue Townsend

’

s musical play, based on her best-selling book.

它是苏珊·汤森德的音乐剧本，根据她畅销的小说改编的。

简析：关键词

best- selling

畅销的。

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20. Gold is one of a growing number of shoppers buying into the organic

trend, and supermarkets across Britain are counting on more like him as they

grow their organic food business.

戈德是对有机食品感兴趣众多购买者 当中的一位，遍及英国的超市依赖更多像他那样

的购买者，因为他们要增加有机食品生意 。

简析：关键词

count on

依赖。

21.

Supporters

of

underground

development

say

that

building

down

rather than building up is a good way to use the earth

’

s space.

地下 发展的支持者说在地下搞建筑而不是在地上搞建筑是一种利用地球空间的办法。

简析：关键词

rather than

而不是。

22. Those who could were likely to name a woman.

那些能够说出好朋友名字的单身男人，很有可能说出一个女人的名字。

简析：省略句

who could (name a best friend )

承前省。

23.

In

general,

women

’

s

friendships

with

each

other

rest

on

shared

emotions

and

support,

but

men

’

s

relationships

are

marked

by

shared

activities.

一般来说，女人相互的友谊基于相互 分享情感和支持，但男人间的关系以共同参与社会活动

为特征。

简析：关键词

rest on

依靠。

the most part, interactions between men are emotionally controlled

—

a good fit with the social requirements of

“

manly behavior

”

.

就大部分而言 ，男人间的交往在感情上受控制，这与“男子汉气概”

的社会要求是相符合

的。

简析：关键词

for the most part

就大部分而言。

s a woman

’

s closest female friend might be the first to tell her

to leave a failing marriage, it wasn

’

t unusual to hear a man say he didn

’

t know

his friend

’

s marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking

if he could sleep on the sofa.

一个女人最亲密的女性朋友可能是第一个告诉她离开一次失败的婚 姻

;

而听见一个男

人说直到他的朋友一 天晚上问他是否可以睡在他家的沙发上他才知道他朋友的婚姻已非常

糟糕，这是很平常的 。

简析：夹杂多种语法结构

not unusual=usual; not

…

until

…，直到…才…。

26.

Before

1066,

in

the

land

we

now

call

Great

Britain

lived

peoples

belonging to two major language groups.

1066

年 以前，在我们现在称为英国的土地上，住着属于两个主要语种的民族。

简析：倒装句，并含有定语从句及分词短语。

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27.

If

this

state

of

affairs

had

lasted,

English

today

would

be

close

to

German.

如果这种情况延续下去的话，那么今天的英语将和德语很相近。

简析：含虚拟语气。

28.

We

even

have

different

word

for

some

foods,

meat

in

particular,

depending on whether it is still out in the fields or at home ready to be cooked,

which Shows the fact that the Saxon peasants were

doing the farming. while

the upper-class Normans were doing most of the eating.

我们甚至对某些食物有不同的单词，特别是肉类，取决于它是长在田野里，还是在家

里准 备煮着吃，这就表明一个事实，即萨克森农民在农田干活，而上层阶级的诺曼人在大

吃大 喝。

简析：含对比。

29.

When

Americans

visit

Europe

for

the

first

time,

they

usually

find

Germany more

“

For eign

”

than France because the German they see on signs

and ads seems much more different from English than French does.

当美国人第一次游览欧洲时， 他们通常发现德国比法国对他们来说更加“陌生”，因为他们

在标牌和广告上看到的德语 ，比起法语更加不同于英语。

简析：

含比较级句型结构。

30.

Some

companies

have

made

the

manufacturing

of

clean

and

safe

products their main selling point and emphasize it in their advertising.

一些公司 已经把洁净安全产品的生产当作他们主要的销售关键，并且在他们的广告宣

传中强调这一 点。

简析：

make

后接双宾语。

31. After their stay, all visitors receive a survival certificate recording their

success,

that

is,

when

guests

leave

the

igloo

hotel

they

will

receive

a

paper

stating that they have had a taste of adventure.

在他们逗留之后，所有的游客 都会收到一份生存证明记录他们的成功，也就是说当游

客离开小冰屋旅馆时，他们会得到 一份证明，表明他们曾尝试过冒险。

简析：含两个分词短语，关键词

state

表明。

32. The major market force rests in the growing population of white- collar

employees,

who

can

afford

the

new

service,

in

other

words,

Shanghai

’

s

car

rental

industry

is

growing

so

fast

mainly

due

to

the

increasing

number

of

white- collar employees.

主要的市场因素取决于白领工人的人数增加，< /p>

这些人付得起这种新型服务，

换句话说，

上海的汽车出租行业发展如此快，主要因为白领工人人数的增加。

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简析：关键词

rest in

依赖。

33. That you won

’

t be for long means it won

’

t be long before you

’

ll have

to recycle your rubbish.

你不会等很长时间意味着过不了多久你就会回收你的垃圾。

简析：夹杂主语从句及宾语从句。

34.

These

words,

I

have

just

made

up,

have

to

stand

for

thing

and

ideas

that we simply can

’

t think of.

这些词，是我编造的，只是代表我们不能想到的事物和观念。

简析：关键词

make up

编造。

35. Picturing(Imagining) the future will serve the interests of the present

and future generations.

设想未来有益于现在和将来的几代人。

简析：关键词

picture

活用为动词想象，设想。

36. Decision thinking is not unlike poker

—

it often matters not only what

you think, but also what others think you think and what you think they think

you think.

做决策像打扑克牌，起作用的不但是你怎么想的，还包括别人对你的想法是怎么看的

以及 你对别人的看法是如何考虑的。

简析：含较复杂的句型结构

not unlike=like not only

…

but also

…不仅…而且…

37. The easy way out isn

’

t always easiest.

解决问题容易的办法并非总是最容易的。

简析：关键词

the way out

解决问题的办法。

hot

sun

had

caused

the

dough

(

面团

)

to

double

in

size

and

the

fermenting

yeast(

酵母

)

made

the

surface

shake

and

sigh

as

though

it

were

breathing and it looked like some unknown being from outer space.

< br>炙热的太阳导致面团面积加倍，酵母使面团的表面摆晃叹息，似乎它在呼吸，它看上

去像某种来自外部空间的无名生物。

简析：比喻形象生动。

39. After all, what lively children wouldn

’

t settle for spending only half the

day

doing

ordinary

school

work,

and

acting,

singing

or

dancing

their

way

through the other half of the day?

毕竟，难道这些活泼可爱的孩子们不满足于半天搞普通教育的文化课，半天搞表演、

唱歌、舞蹈等舞台训练吗

?

简析：反问句式，语气强烈。

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