rap是什么意思啊考研英语核心语法及其长难句分析：定语

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考研英语核心语法及其长难句分析：定语

（一）定语从句

火车车厢

挂钩词：

that

which

who

whose

when

where

名词

定语从句

1.

that

引导的从句充当定语

Sample 1

【真题例句】

It

?

s

a

self-examination

that

has,

at

various

times,

involved

issues

of

responsibility, creative freedom and the corporate bottom line. (1997-4-1)

Sample 2

【真题例句】

Te chnically

，

any

substance

other than food

that alters

our

bodily or

mental functioning is a drug. (1997-3-1)

Sample 3

【真题例句】

“

Those

things

that

do

not

show

up

in

the

test

—

personality,

ability, courage or humanity

—

are completely ignored

，

says Toshiki Kaifu

，

chairman

of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party

’

s education committee. (2000-4-3)

Sample 4

【真题例句】

In

other

words,

there

is

a

conventional

story

line

in

the

newsroom

culture

that

provides

a

backbone

and

a

ready-

made

narrative

structure

for

otherwise confusing news. (2001-3-3)

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2.

which

引导的从句充当定语

Sample 1

【真题例句】

The ability to guard customer data is the key to market value, which the

board is responsible for on behalf of shareholders

Sample 2

【真题例句】

Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm argue that their work gives a correct baseline,

which future management efforts must take into account. (2006-3-4)

Sample 3

【真题例句】

Many

consumers

seem

to

have

been

influenced

by

stock-market

swings, which investors now view as a necessary ingredient to a sustained boom.

(2004-3-4)

Sample 4

【真题例句】

These days the Net, which has already re-made such everyday pastimes

as

buying

books

and

sending

mail,

is

reshaping

Donovan's

vocation

as

well.

(2003-1-1)

Sample 5

【真题例句】

There exists a social and cultural disconnect between journalists and

their readers, which helps explain why the

seem alien to many readers. (2001-3-4)

Sample 6

【真题例句】

For a while it looked as though the making of semiconductors, which

America

had

invented

and

which

sat

at

the

heart

of

the

new

computer

age,

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wasgoing to be the next casualty. (2000-1-2)

Sample 7

【真题例句】

New

ways

of

organizing

the

workplace

—

all

that

re-engineering

and

downsizing

一

are only one contribution to the overall productivity of an economy,

which is driven by many other factors such as joint investment in equipment and

machinery, new technology, and investment in education and training. (1998-2-3)

Sample 8

【真题例句】

And the cost of computing power continues to free fall

，

which is a good

sign for any enterprise setting up shop in silicon. (1999-2-4)

3.

省略

that/which

的定语从句

That

或

which

在从句中做宾语时

The dog that fights with the cat is cute.

The dog that the boy loves is cute.

Sample 1

【

真

题

例

句

】

Practicality,

common

sense,

and

native

intelligence

have

been

considered

more

noble

qualities

than

anything

you

could

learn

from

a

book.

(2004-4-4)

Sample 2

【真题例句】

The railroad industry as a whole, despite its brightening fortunes,still

does not earn enough to cover the cost of the capital it must invest to keep up with

its surging traffic. (2003-3-5)

Sample 3

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【真题例句】

patients are needlessly and predictably suffering,

abuse. ” (2002

-4-9)

Sample 4

【真题例句】

Nothing could persuade me to return to the kind of life Kelsey used to

advocate and

I once enjoyed

：

12-hour

working

days,

pressured

deadlines,

the

fearful strain of office politics and the limitations of being a parent on

(2001-5-3)

4.

介词

+ which

引导的从句充当定语

Sample 1

【真题例句】

The rise of anti-happy art almost exactly tracks the emergence of mass

media, and with it, a commercial culture in which happiness is not just an ideal but

an ideology.(2006-4-4)

Sample 2

【真题例句】

On

the

other

hand,

oil-importing

emerging

economies

一

to

which

heavy industry has shifted

—

have become more energy-intensive, and so could

be more seriously squeezed. (2002-3-4)

Sample 3

【真题例句】

Most

journalists

learn

to

see

the

world

through

a

set

of

standard

templates (patterns) into which they plug each day's events. (2001-3-3)

Sample 4

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【真题例句】

Consequences

follow

from

this,

of

course,

some

of

which

are

that

ambition is driven underground, or made sly.(2000-5-3)

Sample 5

【真题例句】

America's capacity

utilization, for example,

hit

historically high

levels

earlier

this

year,

and

its

jobless

rate

(5.

6%

in

August)

has

fallen

below

most

estimates of the natural rate of unemployment

—

the rate below which inflation has

taken off in the past. (1997-5-4)

Sample 6

【真题例句】

Today the messages the average Westerner is surrounded with are not

religious but commercial, and forever happy. (2006-4-6)

5.

who

引导的从句充当定语

(whom)

Sample 1

【真题例句】

The American spymaster who built the Office of Strategic Services in

World War ]] and later laid the roots for the CIA was fascinated with information.

(2003-1-1)

Sample 2

【真题例句】

To those who are unaware that animal research was needed to produce

these treatments, as well as new treatments and vaccines, animal research seems

wasteful at best and cruel

at worst. (2003-2-3)

Sample 3

【真题例句】

Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contends that the

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principle will shield doctors who

they could not give patients sufficient mediation to control their pain if that might

hasten death.

Sample 4

【真题例句】

A survey of news stories in 1996 reveals that the anti-science tag has

been attached to many other groups as well, from authorities who advocated the

elimination

of

the

last

remaining

stocks

of

smallpox

virus

to

Republicans

who

advocate decreased funding for basic research. (1998-3-4)

Sample 5

【真题例句】

On another level

，

many in the medical community acknowledge that

the assisted-suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for

whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying. (2002-4-6)

6.

whose

引导的从句充当定语

Sample 1

【真题例句】

Scientists need to respond forcefully to animal rights advocates

，

whose

arguments

are

confusing

the

public

and

thereby

threatening

advances

in

health

knowledge and care.(2003-2-1)

Sample 2

【真题例句】

As a result

，

the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent

gizmos

whose

presence

we

barely

notice

but

whose

universal

existence

has

removed much human labor.(2002-2-2)

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7.

when

引导的从句充当定语

Sample 1

【真题例句】

Despite

a

spell

of

initial

optimism

in

the

1960s

and

1970s

when

it

appeared

that

transistor

circuits

and

microprocessors

might

be

able

to

copy

the

action

of

the

human

brain

by

the

year

2010

，

researchers

lately

have

begun

to

extend that forecast by decades if not centuries. (2002-2-4)

Sample 2

【真题例句】

This means that, for the first time, there will be an excess of boys in

those crucial years when they are searching for a mate. (2000-2-1)

Sample 3

【真题例句】

Or so the thinking has gone since the early 1980s, when juries began

holding more companies liable for their customers' misfortunes. (1999-1-1)

Sample 4

【真题例句】

This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil

shock,

when

prices

quadrupled,

and

1979-1980

，

when

they

also

almost

tripled.

(2002-3-1)

8.

where

引导的从句充当定语

Sample 1

【真题例句】

In dreams, a window opens into a world where logic is suspended and

dead people speak. (2005-3-1)

Sample 2

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