extraterrestrial-毒砂
刘毅
10000
词汇学习笔记
lesson
1
(
1
)
n
:
part of the
body below the chest and diaphragm,containing the
stomach.
腹部
abdominal(adj)
腹部的
an abdominal
operation
腹部手术
be
lly
:
(
口
)front of the human body from the waist to the
groin
;
belly
肚子,胃
with an
empty belly
空着肚子
in the belly of a ship
在船腹里
belly out(
p>
动词用法
)
:鼓涨,凸出
< br>
The wind bellied out the sails
e
:使某人丧失(尤指亲属)
bereave sb of sb an accident which
bereaved him of his wife
使
他丧失妻子的事故
the
bereaved husband
死了妻子的男人
the bereaved
丧失亲人的人
bereavemen
t
(
n
)
:丧
亲之痛,丧失亲人
deprive
:
take sth
away from sb;prevent sb from enjoying or using sth
剥夺
sb/sth
的
sth
;阻止某人享有或使用
sth
deprive sb/sth of sth
deprive of one's civil rights
剥夺某人的公民权
deprivat
ion
(
n
)
:剥夺;贫困;被剥夺的事物
widespread
deprivation
普遍贫困
Missing the holiday was a great
deprivation.
错失假日是极大的损失。
deprived
(
adj
)
:贫困的,穷苦的
deprived childhood
贫苦的童年
3
。
consecrate
:
devote sth/sb to or reserve sth/sb for a
special (esp religious) purpose
把
sth/sb
献给
sth/sb
做某种(尤其宗教)用途
consecrate sth/sb to sth
consecrate one's life to the service of
God,to the relief of suffering
献身于为神服务(解除世人痛苦)
的事业
devote
:
give one's
time,energy to sth/sb; dedicate
为某人付出,向某人奉献,献身于
devote
oneself/sth to sb/sth
devoted
(
adj
)
:热爱的,非常忠实的,全心全意的
a devoted son
孝子
She is devoted to her children.
她深爱她的孩子。
devotee<
/p>
(
n
)
:献身于
某事物的人,热心者,某事物的迷恋者;某一宗派的拥护者
a
devotee of sport
devotion
(
p>
n
)
:
devotion to sth/sb
深爱,忠心,忠诚
:
bring to mind(a
feeling,memory)
引起或唤起情感,记忆
produce or cause(a response ,reaction)
产生或引起(回应,反应)
evoc
ation
(
n
)
:
invoke
:
use as a
reason for one's action
援用(
s
th
)为行动依据或理由
beg
for sth by praying
以祷告祈求某事物
The government has invoked the Official
Secrets Act in having thebook
banned.
政府援引国家机密保密法以禁该书。
invocation(n): invocation to sb
求助于神或法律
5
。
gro
ove
:沟,槽,纹
习语:
get into a groove
养成某种生活习惯
furrow
:犁沟,垄沟
(
v
)
(尤用被动语态
)犁,使起皱纹
newly furrowed
fields
刚犁过的田地
p>
6
。
jolt
:<
/p>
(
使某人某物
)
颠簸着移动
The old bus jolted
along
旧公共汽车颠簸而行
jolt sb
into/out of
sth
:使某人受到震惊而采取某种行动
He was jolted out of his lethargy and
into action when he realized he had only a short
time to finish the
article.
他
意识到须在很短的时间里就得把文章写完,立即振作精神写起来。
joggle
:使某人
/
某物轻轻
摇动
7
。
o
bsolete
:不再使用的,过时的
antiquated
:
(通常做贬义)过时的,废弃的
p>
8
。
prowl
:小心的悄悄移动;悄悄行经(某处)
;
~ about/around
徘徊
wild animals
prowling in the forest
在森林里轻轻行走的野兽
I
could hear him prowling around in his bedroom all
night.
我听到他整夜在卧室里踱来踱去。
rove
:漂泊,流浪,漫游
bands of hooligans roving round the
streets
成群结伙在街上游荡的流氓
习语:
have a roving eye
时刻寻找着调情或做风流事的机会
9
。
scoop
:用铲、勺挖
scoop sth out up
铲出,挖出
shovel
:用铲铲进
shovel sth into
:地位
身份
职位
situation
:状况,处境,局面,形势
位置
situation
comedy
情景喜剧
11.
:
sue
对某人提起诉讼,控告某人
sue
sb for sth
控告某人要求
sth
If you don't complete
the work, I will sue you for
damages.
如果你不把工作做完,我就要控告你支付
赔偿。
sue for sth
(常用于法庭上)请求
sue
for peace
请求和解
in
dict
:
(就某事)控告,起诉或告发某人
< br>
indict sb for sth
He was
indicted for murder.
他被控杀人。
刘毅
10000
词汇学习笔记
lesson
1
(
2
)
1. bandit
:
member of a gang of armed robbers
土匪
强盗
banditry
(
n
)
:盗匪行径
brigan
d
:
(旧)土匪,强盗(尤指在山林中抢劫旅客的)
2. commemorate
:
keep a great person or
event in people?s memories
纪念(伟人,大事件等)
;
指(雕像,纪念碑等)作为对某人某事的纪念
We commemorate the founding of our
nation with a public
holiday
。我们放假一天以庆祝国庆。
This memorial commemorates those who
died in the
war
。这座纪念碑是纪念战争中的牺牲者的。
celebrate
:
mark
(
a hapy or important day
,
event
)
wit
h festivities and rejoicing
庆祝,祝贺
celebrated<
/p>
(
adj
)
:著
名的,驰名的
3.
defile
:
(文或修辞)
make
sth dirty or impure
使某物肮脏或不纯
rivers defiled by pollution
受污染的河流
(特)
march in
single file or a narrow column
指部队单行或纵队前进
defile
ment
(
n
)
:污损,弄脏
infect
:
p>
(尤用于被动语态)使某人
/
某物传染,感
染,污染某人
/
某物
infect sb/sth with
The
laboratory animals had been infected with the
bacteria
。实验室的动物都已受到这种细菌的感染。
infection
(
n
)
:~
with sth
传染,感染
the
infection of the body with bacteria
身体受细菌侵染。
4.
deviation
:
(~
from sth
)
not following the normal or expected
course
、
plan
偏离正常或原定的路线,计划
;偏
差
deviation from the rules
违背规则
deviate
(
v
)
:
(~
from sth
)偏离路线,标准;背离
devia
tionism
(
n
)
:政治上的离经叛道
delegate
:
(~
sb to
sth
)挑选或委派某人作代表;挑选或委派某人执行;将(权利、职责)
委托给下级,授权给;
delegate sb to a conference
委托某人作代表出席会议
The
new manager was delegated toreorganize the
department
。派这位新经理重新组织该部门。
The job had to be delegated to an
assistant
。这项工作得交给助手去做。
delegation
(
n
)
:代表,委托
5. fortitude
:
(在痛苦
、危险或困难面前表现出的)勇气、坚韧和自制力
He
bore the pain with great
fortitude
。他以极大得毅力忍受了痛苦。
endurance
:忍耐力
He showed remarkable endurance
throughout his
illness
。他生病得整个过程都表现出非凡的忍耐力。
(特)
endurance
作定语
endurance
test
耐力测验
endurab
le
(
adj
)可忍耐的,可容忍的<
/p>
enduring
(
< br>adj
)持续的,持久的
6.
inconsolable
:
that cannot be
comforted
不能安慰的,无法慰藉的
The children were inconsolable when
their father
died
。这些孩子因为丧父而悲伤不已。
console sb on/for sth
安慰,慰问某人
Nothing
could console him when his pet
died
。
consolatory
(
adj
)
:
安慰的,慰问的
depress
(<
/p>
v
)
:
make
sb sad and without enthusiasm
使某人忧愁、消沉、
沮丧;将某物压下,推下,拉下;
(尤指贸易)
不活跃,不景气
Wet weather always
depresses me
。我在阴雨天总是心灰意懒。
depress a piano key
按下钢琴键
depress
sales
使销售额下降
depr
essed
(
adj
)
:忧愁的,沮丧的,消沉的
depressing<
/p>
(
adj
)
:令
人忧愁的,使人沮丧的
7.
nibble
:
(~
at sth
)小口咬某物,轻咬;对(好意,提议)谨慎的表
示有意接受
fish nibbling
(
at
)
the bait
鱼轻咬鱼饵
He nibbled at my
idea
,
but would
not make a definite
decision
。他对我的想法颇感兴趣,但不做出决定。
bite
:
(~
into sth
)
咬某人(某物)
She bit
into the apple
。她咬了一口苹果。
8. pageant
:盛装的游行
,露天演出的历史剧;壮丽的场面,伟观
pageantry
(
n
)
:壮丽
的展示,盛况
exhibition
:展览,展览会
(习语)
make an exhibition of
oneself
(贬)当中出丑,出洋相
9. scourge
:
(用以打人的)鞭子;
(比喻)引起灾害的事物或人(
v
)鞭打
The new
boss was the scourge of the inefficient
。新老板来了以后,不称职的人就遭殃。
disaster<
/p>
:灾难,灾祸;失败;
(口语)彻底失败的人或事物
As a
teacher
,
he is a
disaster
。他是个很糟糕的教师。
< br>disastrous
(
adj
)
:灾难性的,造成灾害的,失败的
10. tumble
:使某人倒下或坠落(尤指身不由己或猛
劲儿)
,但通常并无重伤
tumble down the stairs
从楼梯上摔下
fall
:落下,跌落
fall down/over
:倒下(尤指突然间)
,倒塌
fall away/off
向下倾斜
fall into
sth
进入某种状态,变成
刘毅
10000
词汇学习笔记
lesson
1
(
3
)
<
/p>
1
、
afflict
:
(
v
通常用于被动语态)使某人某物苦恼、疼痛或悲伤
~
sb/sth with sth
Severe drought has afflicted the
countryside
。严重的干旱使乡村深受其害。
She is afflicted
with
(
suffers from
)
arthritis
。她患关节炎。
affliction
(
n
)疼痛,折磨,悲痛;造成痛苦的事物
help
people in affliction
帮助受苦的人
distress
:
(通常用于被动语
态)给某人某物带来痛苦,悲伤,苦难,贫困,困苦,危难等
(
n
)极大的痛苦,悲伤,苦难等(的缘由)
< br>;贫困,困苦;危难,困境
Towards the
end of the marathon several runners showed signs
of distress
。马拉松比赛接近终点时,
有些参赛者显出极难受的样子。
Her death was a great distress to the
family
。她去世后全家人极为悲痛。
A ship in distress
遇险的船
distressful<
/p>
(
adj
)
distressing
(
adj<
/p>
)令人痛苦的,令人苦恼的
2
、
censure
:
(
v
)严厉批评某人,正式责备某人<
/p>
(
n
)
strong criticism or condemnation
指责,谴责,斥责
Two MPs
were censured by the
speaker
。有两个议员遭到议长的斥责。
Pass a vote of censure on sb
通过对某人的不信任投票
blame
:
(
v
)责备
,责怪,指责,归咎于
~
sb for/on sth
If you fail
the exam you?ll only have yourself to
blame
。你若考试不及格,只能怪你自己。
(谚)
A bad workman blames his
tools
。拙匠埋怨工具差。
(习)
be to blame for sth
对某坏事应负责,应受责备。
Which driver was to blame for the
accident
?
3
、
dissimulate
:
(
v
)
h
ide or disguise one?s thought or
feelings
;
dissemble
隐藏,掩盖思想感情;假装
diss
imulation
(
n
)
deceive
:
(<
/p>
v
)~
sb/oneself into doing sth
欺骗某人做某事,使自己信以为真去做某事
We were deceived into believing that he
could help
us
。我们被骗了,还以为他能帮助我们。
< br>deceiver
(
n
)骗子<
/p>
deception
(
n
)欺骗,
deception on the public
欺骗公众
deceptive
(
adj
)可能欺骗的,导致误解的
4
、
flog
(
v
)重重责打某
人(尤指用棍棒或鞭子)
;
(口)卖给某人某物
~
sth to sb
flogging
(
n
)打,鞭笞
spank
(<
/p>
v
)掴(尤指小孩)
(尤指打屁股惩罚)
spank a child?s bottom
掴小孩的屁股
(
n
)掴;掴在屁股上的第一巴掌
5
、
inscribe
:
(
v
)在某物上写、题(诗
句,名字等)
(尤指做正式的永久性的记录)~
A on/in
B
~
B with A inscri
ption
(
n
)题字,题名,铭文<
/p>
caption
(
n
)杂志,文章重的标题、题目;附于照片、插图上的说明文字;电影或电视上的字
幕
6
、<
/p>
meddle
(
v
)
(贬)干预,干涉,管闲事
~
in sth
;乱动、瞎动不应动的事情
~
with sth
Don?t meddle in my
affairs
。别管我的事。
Who?s been meddling with my
papers
?谁乱翻了我的文件?
meddlesome
(
adj
)好干
预,好管闲事的
meddler
(<
/p>
n
)干预者,爱管闲事的人,瞎摆弄的人
intervene
(
vi
)指人干涉,调停,调解,斡旋
~
in sth
~
between A and B
;指时间进入,介入,在其间;
(指事情
发生)以阻碍(某事)
;
intervene in a dispute
调解纷争
during the years that
intervened
这期间的若干年
intervention
(
n
)
干涉,介入
interventi
onist
(
n
)干涉主义者,主张干
涉的人
7
、
postuer
:
(
n
)姿势,姿态;举止;看法,态度
(
v
)以不自然的、装模作样的方式站着,坐着等;摆模特的姿势
Stop posturing in front of that
mirror
。别在镜子前摆姿势了。
attitude
(
n
)看法,态度
8
、
p>
rummage
(
vi
、
n
)翻找或搜寻某物
~
among/in/through sth for sth
~
about/around
p>
ransack
(
vt
)彻底搜寻
~
sth for sth
9
、
spout
(
v<
/p>
)指液体喷出,涌出
~
out of/from
water spouting from a broken
water
-
pipe
从破裂的水管中喷出的水
pour<
/p>
(
v
)指液体不断流动(尤指从上而下)
Blood was pouring from the
wound
。血从伤口中涌出。
<
/p>
10
、
traverse
(
vt
)走过,横贯或穿越某地区
skies traversing the slopes
穿过斜坡的滑雪者
(
n
)
(一结构中的)穿越一物体的部件;横梁;横臂;
(尤指爬山时的)侧向运动
inte
rsect
(
vt
)
< br>(尤用于被动语态)横断,横切;
(指线条、道路)相交,交叉
< br>
~
sth with
sth
The lines AB and CD intersect at
E
。直线
AB
与直线
CD
相交于点
E
。
p>
11
、
wistful
(
adj
)发愁的,渴望的(尤指过去的或不可得到的东西
)
wistful eyes
露出渴求目光的眼睛
yearnin
g
(
n
)渴望,热望
< br>
~
for sb/sth
yearningly
(
adv
)渴望地
刘毅词汇
10000
学习笔记
lesson
1
(
4
)
<
/p>
1
、
amicable
< br>:
(
adj
)友好的,无敌意的
An amicable settlement was
reached
。已达成和解。
am
icability
(
n
)
amiable
:
(<
/p>
adj
)友好的,和蔼可亲的,好脾气的
an amiable character
温柔的性格
2
、
blizzard
:
severe snowstorm
暴风雪
snowstorm
:
heavy
fall of snow
,
esp with a
strong wind
暴风雪,雪暴
3
、
cru
ise
:
(
v
)
(航船)巡游,巡航;以中等速度行驶
~
about
a destroyer cruising about in the sea
在海上游弋的驱除舰
Taxis
cruised about
,
hoping to pick
up late fares
出租车以中等速度转来转去,希望能招徕到晚归的顾客。
p>
voyage
:
(
v
)航行,航海
voyaging
across the Indian Ocean
作穿越印度洋的航行
4
、
eradicate
:
(
v
)根除,消灭某事物,结束某事物
Smallpox has almost been
eradicated
天花几乎已消灭。
< br>extirpate
:
(
v
p>
)根除或铲除
extirpate
social evils
根除社会弊病
5
、
gli
mmer
:
(
v
)发出微弱的闪光;
(
n
)微弱的闪
光
glimmering
(
n
)微光,迹象
We
began to see a glimmering of a solution to the
problem
我们开始看到问题可望解决的迹象。
gleam
:
(
n<
/p>
)闪光,通常指反光
gleam in
sb?s eyes
酝酿中的意念,令人向往的人和事物
6
、
lum
p
:
(
v
)<
/p>
~
sb/sth together
将人或物归并在一起考虑,将人或物同等分类或对待
We have lumped all the advanced
students in the single
class
。我们把程度高的学生都编在一个班里。
lumpish
(
adj
)指人粗大的,笨拙的,愚蠢的
block
:
(
v
)阻碍,堵塞
~
sth up
7
、
ran
sack
:
(
v
)彻底搜索某处
~
sth for sth
;抢劫,掠夺
ransack
the house for those papers
满屋子寻找那些文件
rummage
:
(
v
)翻找
,搜寻
~
among/in/through sth for sth
8
、
sla
sh
:
(
v
)
用剑、刀砍
~
at sth
(
with
sth
)
.
gash
:
(
v
)割一道伤口
~
sth on
sth
gash one?s arm on a piece of broken
glass
胳膊被玻璃碎片划了一个大口子
9
、
slu
mp
:
(
v
)
沉重的落下或倒下(
n
)商业萧条期,不景气
< br>
Tired from her walk she slumped
down onto the
sofa
。她走累了,一屁股坐到沙发上。
< br>depress
:
(
v
)使某人忧愁,消沉,沮丧
10
、
vogue
:
(
n
)流行的或盛行的式样
~
for sth
a new vogue for
low
-
heeled shoes
低跟鞋新潮流
fashion
:
(
n
)样子,式样
;时尚,风气
dressed in the latest
fashion
穿着入时的
刘毅词汇学习笔记
lesson
1
(
5
)
<
/p>
1
、
ascribe
(
v
)
~
sth to sb/sth <
/p>
认为某事物是由某人造成或写成;归功于、归咎于某人(某事物)
He ascribed his failure to bad
luck
。他把失败归咎于运气不好。
This play is usually ascribed to
Shakespeare
。这个剧本一般认为是莎士比亚所作。
ascribable
(
adj
)
(作表语)~
to sb/sth
可归于某人某事物的
His
success is ascribable simply to hard
work
。
他的成功是由于勤奋。
attrib
ute
(
v
)~
sth to sb/sth
认为某事物是属于某人的,由某人引起的
He attributes his success to hard work
and a bit of
luck
。他认为他的成功是勤奋加上一点运气得来
的。
(
n<
/p>
)属性,特质,性质
Her
greatest attribute was her
kindness
。她最大的特点是为人厚道。
attributable
(
adj
)
(作表语)可归属于或归因于某事物的
2
、
bul
wark
(
n
)壁垒(尤指泥土堆砌者
)
,防御工事;
(比喻)支持,防御或保护的人和事物
Democracy is a bulwark of
freedom
。民主是自由的保障。
safeguard
(
n
)
~
against
sb/sth
安全措施,保护性措施
We will introduce legal safeguard
against
fraud
。我们为制止诈骗活动要采取法律保护措施。
3
、
dub
ious
(
adj
)
< br>
~
about
sth/doing sth
(尤作表语)半信半疑,可疑;
(贬)名声不大好的,不可靠的;
结果未
定的,不能确定的;
I remain dubious about his
motives
。我对他的动机心存疑虑。
< br>doubtful
(
adj
)<
/p>
(通常作表语)
(指人)感到可疑,不能相信;令人生疑的,不肯
定的
The weather looks rather
doubtful
。天气看起来靠不住。
4
、
p>
facet
(
n
)
宝石或首饰的小平面,刻面;事情或问题的方面
There
are many facets to this
question
。这个问题有很多方面。
< br>aspect
(
n
)方面;
p>
(尤指人)的样子,容貌,神态
5
、
heed
(
p>
v
)注意或听从劝告
heed a
warning
注意一项警告
(习语)
take heed of sth
听从
Take heed of
your doctor?s advice
听从医生的劝告
attention
(
n
)注意,专心
attentive
(
adj
)注意的,留心的,警惕的
< br>
6
、
huddle
(
v
)
(尤用于被动语态)使某事物聚集在一起
We
all huddled around the radio to hear the
news
。我们围坐在收音机旁听新闻广播。
gather
(
v
)聚集,集
合;收集,收拢(分散的东西)
~
sth together/up
7
、
mumble
(
< br>v
)含糊的说某事,唧咕
~
about sth
~
sth to sb
What are you mumbling
about
?你在唧咕说些什么
mu
rmur
(
v
)发出连续而低沉的声音
The wind murmured in the
trees
风在林中低鸣。
p>
8
、
relic
(
n
)
[/color]
遗物,遗迹,遗风,遗俗
reminder
(
n
)帮助记忆或起提醒作用的东西
< br>
9
、
smog
(
n
)雾和烟的混合物,烟
雾
p>
fume
(
n
)<
/p>
(通常作复数)
(气味强烈的)烟,气,汽
10
、
wayfarer
(
n
)行路的人(尤
指徒步的)
tra
veler
(
n
)常出远门的人,旅行
者
11
、
wont
(
n
)
(文或修辞)习俗,习惯
p>
habit
(
n
)
习惯,习性,脾性
刘毅词汇
10000
学习笔记
lesson
2
(
1
)
<
/p>
1
、
absolve
(
vt
)
~
sb from/of sth
开脱某人(的罪责)
,宣布免除某人(所受的责难)
The court absolved the accused
man
。法官判决被告无罪。
★
exonerate
(
vt
)
(尤用于被动语态)宣布某人无罪过
~
sb
from sth
He was exonerated from all
responsibility for the
accident
。已确定他无须对事务负任何责任。
2
、
bia
s
(
n
)偏见,成见,偏心。
He is without
bias
。他没有偏见
★
prejudice
(
n
)偏见,成见
p>
3
、
contend
(
vi
)
~
with/against
sb/sth
~
for sth
与竞争对手争夺,与谈人争夺
Several teams are contending for the
prize
。有几个队在争夺锦标。
★
compete
(
vi
)
~
against/with
sb/in sth/for sth
竞争、对抗、比赛
a house that has competed in the Grand
National four times
。参加过
4
次
“
英国
大赛马
”
的马
4
、
dep
lore
(
vt
)被某事物震惊或触犯
;谴责
She deplored his
actions
。她谴责他令人愤慨的行为
◎
deplorable
(
adj
)应受谴责的
★
lament
(
< br>v
)
~
for/over sb/sth
为某人(某事物)感到悲痛,哀悼
lament for a dead friend
哀悼亡友
5
、
fracture
(
n
)折断,断裂,破裂,
(尤指骨折)
a fracture of leg
腿部骨折
★
shatter
(
vi
)使某物突然而
剧烈的裂成碎片,粉碎
The pot shattered
as it hit the
floor
。罐子掉在地板上摔割粉碎。
6
、
mag
nitude
(
n
)
< br>(通常指大的)量,大小;重要,重要性,重要程度
The magnitude of the epidemic was frigh
tening
。这种流行病传播范围之广令人惊惶不安。
★
bulk
(
n
)体积,数量,容量
7
、
pith
(
n
)
(木)髄,某些植物茎中的海绵组织
p>
(喻)
the pith of sth
最重要的部分,精髓
★
essence
(
n
)本质,精髓,要素
She was the essence of
kindness
。她本性善良。
8
、
relish
(
n
)
~
for sth
(美食等的)享受,滋味;美味,乐趣;兴趣,吸引力,感染力
She savoured the joke with
relish
。她对这个笑话很感兴趣。
★
zest
(
n
)
~
for sth
极大的快乐或兴奋;热情,兴趣
He
entered into our plans with terrific
zest
。他满腔热情的参加了我们的项目。
9
、
sne
ak
(
v
)
~
on sb to sb
(贬,尤为儿童用语)告状,打小报告
She sneaked on her best friend to the
teacher
。她向老师告了她最好的朋友一状
★
lurk
(
v
)埋伏,潜伏;隐藏,隐匿
He?s usually lurking near the bar
他通常出没在酒吧附近。
10
、
tidings
(
n
)
(古或谑)消息,音信
Have you heard the good
tidings
?你听到那个好消息了么?
★
information
(
n
)信息,消息
刘毅词汇
10000
学习笔记
lesson
2
(
2
)
1 aghast
(
adj
)
(尤作表语)
~
at sth
惊恐,惊奇
He stood
aghast at the terrible
sight
。他被那可怕的景象吓呆了。
★
astonished
(
adj
)
(通常做表语)感到惊讶,吃惊
She looked astonished when she
heard the news
。她听到那消息时显得很吃惊。
◎
astonishing
(
adj
)使人惊讶的,惊人的
I find it quite astonishing that none
of you like the
play
。我感到惊讶的是你们谁都不喜欢那个剧目。
There was an astonishing number of
applicants of the
job
。申请这份工作的人数多的惊人。
astonish
(
vt
)使某人
惊讶,吃惊,震惊
The news astonished
everyone
。这个消息使大家感到吃惊。
astonishment
(
n
)惊讶,惊奇
2
、
cumber
(
v
)阻碍,拖累
We could not
cumber our thought with his reproaches
。
我们不会因为他的谴责而妨碍我们的想法。
★
hinder
(
< br>vt
)
~
sth/sb from
sth/doing sth
阻碍,妨碍某人某事物的进展,阻挠或耽误某人某事物。
Production was hindered by lack of
materials
。由于缺乏原料,生产陷入停顿。
3
、
dec
ree
(
v
)发布(命令)
,颁布(法令)
(
n
)命
令,法令
The governor decreed a
day of
mourning
。地方长官发布哀悼一日的命令。
Fate decreed that they would not meet
again
。他们受命运的安排再也不能相会。
★
determine
(
v
)确定某事物,决定;测定,找出(某未知事物)
,算出;决定做某事
~
on/upon
sth
determine a date for a meeting
确定会议日期
determine
exactly what happened
查出究竟发生了什么事
◎
determined
(
adj
< br>)有决心的,意志坚定的
4
、
frolic
(
vi
)
(
pt
、
pp frolicked
)
~
about
嬉戏
Children
frolicked about in the swimming
-
pool
。孩子们在游泳池里嬉戏。
★
frisk
(
vi
)
(指动物)欢快的跳跑
Lambs frisked about in the
meadow
。小羊在草地上蹦来蹦去。
5
、
p>
intercourse
(
n
)
~
with sb
~
between sb and sb
(与国家,人等的)交际,交往
★
relation
(
n
)关系,关联
~
between A and B
6
、
men
ace
(
n
)威胁,恐吓;~
to sb/sth
进行威胁恐吓的人
These
weapons are a menace to world
peace
。这些武器就是对世界和平的一种威胁。
★
intimidated
(
vt
)
~
sb into sth/
into sth
恐吓、威胁某人做某事
intimidate a witness
恐吓目击证人。
< br>7
、
precipice
(
p>
n
)悬崖,峭壁
The country?
s economy was on
the edge of the
precipice
。该国的经济已处于崩溃边缘。
★
cliff
(
n
)悬崖,峭壁(尤指在海边的)
8
、
san
ctuary
(
n
)圣所,圣地(如教
堂、庙宇或回教寺庙)
★
shri
ne
(
n
)神圣的地方和处所,圣坛<
/p>
9
、
sprout
(
vi
)
~
out/up from sth
长出来,出现,发芽,萌芽
new
buds sprouting on the
trees
。树上长出的新芽
★
grow
(
v
)生长,长大
10
、
tread
(
pt trod pp trodden
)
~
on sth/sb
踩,行走,踏
She trod
lightly so as to not to wake the
baby
。她走路很清,以免影响孩子。
★
trample
(
n
)踩坏或踩伤某物
The
campers had trampled the corn
down
。野蛮的人踩坏了庄稼
刘毅词汇
10000
学习笔记
lesson
2
(
3
)
<
/p>
1
、
ammunition
(
n
)
supply of
bullets bombs grenades
弹药;用于争论中的事实和论据
The had to meet the attack with very
little
ammunition
。他们不得不以极少的弹药应战。
★
bullet
(
< br>n
)子弹
He was
killed by a single bullet in the
heart
。他被射中心脏身亡。
2
、
doting
(
adj
)
(做定语)溺爱的,偏
爱的,宠爱的
a doting mother
宠爱孩子的母亲
◎
dote
(
vi
)
~
on sb/sth
喜爱、溺爱某人某事物
She
dotes on her grandchildren
。她十分钟爱她的孙儿女。<
/p>
grandchildren
。她十分钟爱她的孙儿女。
★
fond
(
adj
)
(做定语)慈爱的,深情的;
(表语)
~
of sb/doing sth
喜爱某人,喜爱做某事
a fond
look
申请的目光
◎
fondly
亲爱的,温柔的
◎
fondness
(
n
)
~
for sb/sth
喜爱,深情
His
fondness for his eldest
grandchild
。他对长孙的钟爱
3
、
eng
ross
(
vt
)
(通常用于被动)占去某人的全部时间或注意力,使全神贯注
an engrossing story
引人入胜的故事
★
absorb
(
< br>vt
)吸收某事物,吸进;将某物某人合并,并吞;减轻(冲击、困难等的)作用
或
影响;完全吸引某人的注意力或兴趣
Buffers absorbed most of the
shock
。缓冲器使震动减少了许多。
His business absorbs
him
。他专心致志的处理业务。
◎
absorbing
(
adj
)十分吸引人的
◎
absorbent
(
n
)能吸收水分等的物质
★
adsorb
(
< br>vt
)
(常指固体)吸附气体或液体至其表面
4
、
gush
(
vi
)~
out from sth
(突然大量的)流出,涌出,泻出;
~
over sb/sth
(贬)滔滔
不绝的说,过分热心的说
(
n
)
(尤做单数)涌出
a gush of
★
flow<
/p>
(
vi
)指液体流动
His tears flow freely down her
face
。他眼泪止不住顺着脸颊往下流
5
、
ins
uperable
(
adj
)
(指困难)不能克服的
★
unconquerable
(<
/p>
adj
)
(障碍)难以克服的,难以征服
的
6
、<
/p>
ordeal
(
n
)苦难经历;
(尤指对品格、耐力的)严峻考验
The hostages went through a dreadful
ordeal
。每个人质都经历了可怕的折磨。
★
trial
(
n
)审问、审讯、审理、审判;对能力、质量、性能的测试,试验,考验;
(不得不容忍的)讨厌的人或事
物
Commit sb for trial
将某人拘禁候审
Put a car
through safety
trials
。对汽车进行安全性能测验
Her child is a trial to his
teachers
。她的孩子让老师很伤脑筋
(词组)
go on trial
或
stand trial for
sth
受审判
She went
on trial for
murder
。她因涉嫌谋杀罪而受审。
(词组)
on trial
在试验中,在测试中
Take
the machine on trial for a
week
,把机器试验一星期
(词组)
put sb on trial for sth
使某人被控告而受审
She was
put on trial for fraud
她因诈骗罪而受审
(习语)
trial and error
反复试验,从中找出失败的解决办法
learn by trial and error
通过反复试验学习
7
、
pouch
(
v
)使某物成为袋状;
(
n
)
(尤用于构成复合词)小袋(尤指皮制的)
wear a dress pouched over a
belt
。穿着腰带上方蓬松的连衣裙
★
sack
(
n
)大口袋(用以存放或装运水泥、煤、面粉、马铃薯)
◎
sackful
(
n
)一袋的量
two
sackfuls of flour
两袋面粉
8
、
scr
eech
(
vi
,
vt
)
~
(
sth
)
(
out
)
at sb
尖叫,尖声喊出;
(
p>
n
)尖利刺耳的声音
She screeched insults at us
她尖着嗓子骂我们。
★
shriek
(
< br>vi
)
~
with sth
尖声大叫,激动的尖叫
9
、
stature
(<
/p>
n
)身高;
(凭才能或成就而获得的)名
望
★
height
(
n
)高度,身高
10
、
un
dermine
(
v
)在某物下挖洞或
挖通道,从根基出损坏
Badgers had
undermined the foundations of the
church
。獾在这座教堂的地基处打了洞。
★
erode
(
vt
)
(尤用于被动语态)
(指酸
、雨、风等)侵蚀或腐蚀
Metals are
eroded by acids
金属能北酸腐蚀。
刘毅词汇
10000
学习笔记
lesson
2
(
4
)
1
、
ass
ess
:
(
vt
)确定,评定(某数额)
~
sth at
sth
;确定,评定(某事物)的价值,估价;
2
、
估计、评定某事物的质量
~
sth as sth
assess the damage at
¥
350
评定损害赔偿金为
350
元
have a house
assessed by a valuer
由估价者给房子估价
I?d
assess your chance as extremel
y
low
。我估计你成功的机会极微。
◎
assessment
(
n
)确定,评定;评价,看法;核定的付款额◎
assessor
(
n
)估价员,评税
员
★
appraise
:
(
vt
)
assess the value or quality of sb/sth
评价,估价,鉴定
It would
be unwise to buy the house before having it
appraised
。买房子不事先估价是不明智的。
◎
appraisal
(
n
)评价,估价,鉴定
2
、
chamber
(
n
)
(旧时)房间,尤指寝室;
(动物体内或某些机器里封闭的)腔,室,洞穴;
行政或立法机构(用的大厅)
chamber concert
室内音乐会
★
room
(
n
)房间,室;
(
pl
)一套房间(通常指租的)
,寓所;机会,范围,余地
~
for sth
There?s plenty of room for improvement
in your work
你的工作还有很多改进的余地
◎
roomful
(
a
)一室所能容纳的数量,一屋子的
◎
roomy
(
adj
)宽敞的
(习语)
There?s no room to swing
a c
at
。这地方过于狭小。
3
、
p>
disdain
(
v
)
feeling that sb is not good enough
鄙视、轻视,蔑视
Treat
other people?s idea with
desdain
。蔑视别人的意见
★
despise
(
vt
)
~
sb/sth for sth
鄙视、藐视、看不起
Strike
-
breakers
are often despised by their
workmates
。破坏罢工的人常为同事所不齿
4
、
p>
espy
(
vt
)
(旧)看到某人某事物
Was it
you I espied jogging in the park this morning
?我今天早上看到有个人在公园里慢跑,是你么?
5
、
p>
gloss
(
n
)
平滑表面上的光泽或光亮;用以产生光泽的物质;
(比喻)虚假的外表,虚饰
(
v
)~
over sth
简略的、浮皮潦草的或敷衍的处理某事(以求避开难堪)
With this polish you can give a good
high gloss to the
wood
。使用这种光蜡可以使木器表面非常平滑光亮
gloss paint
清漆
gloss over the awkward facts
掩饰令人尴尬的事实
◎
glossy
(
< br>adj
)光滑的,光亮的
★
sleek
(
adj
)
smooth and glossy
光滑而有光泽的;
(贬)指人保养的很好的,脑满肠肥的;时髦的
6
、
janitor
(
n
)管
门者
★
doorman
(
n
)看门人
7
、
pac
ket
(
n
)
(美式英语常作
package
)包
装商品的小盒、小袋
★
parce
l
(
n
)指包起来(常指用牛皮纸)邮
寄的物品
8
、
pulpit
(
n
)
(教堂里的)小型讲坛
★
lectern
(
n
)
(台面倾斜用于放讲稿的)讲台,
(教堂用的)读经台
9<
/p>
、
scorch
(
vt
)将物品表面烫焦、烫糊、烫的变色
The meet will scorch if you don?t lower
the gas
如果你不把煤气关小点肉就糊了。
★
singe
(
vi
)烧焦,烧糊
10
、
surge
(
p>
v
)波浪起伏,汹涌
The crowd surged into the
stadium
。观众涌入体育场。
★
rise
(
v
)上升,达到
11
、
utensil
(
n
p>
)器皿、用具(尤指家庭日用的)
★
implement
(
n
)工具,器具;
(
v<
/p>
)使事物生效、履行、实施
刘毅词汇
10000
学习笔记
lesson
2
(
5
)
<
/p>
1
、
bayonet
(
n
)枪刺,刺刀
★
dagger
(
< br>n
)短剑、匕首
(习语)
at daggers drawn with sb
与某人剑拔弩张
look
daggers at sb
对某人怒目而视
2
、
p>
compassion
(
n
)
~
for sb
同情,怜悯
The plight of the refugees arouses our
compassion
。难民的困苦引起我们的同情
◎
compassionate
(<
/p>
adj
)表示怜悯的,有同情心的
★
sympathy
(
n
)
~
for/towards sb
同情,同情心;
(
pl
)慰问,
(感情上的)支持,赞同
Out of sympathy for the homeless
children
,
he gave them
shelter for the night
。他怀着
恻隐之心留那些无家可归的孩子过夜。
You have my deepest sympathies on the
death of your
wife
。对于令夫人的去世,谨向
您表示最深切的慰问。
3
、
detain
(
p>
vt
)阻止某人离开或做某事;耽搁,延误
She was detained in the office by
unexpected
callers
。有些临时访客把她耽搁到办公室
里了。
◎
detainee
(
n
)被拘留者
p>
★
retard
(
vt
)使某物放缓或延迟;阻止某人某事物的进步和发展<
/p>
retard the spark of an
engine
使点火延迟
Lack
of sun retards plant
growth
。光照不足则植物生长缓慢
◎
retarded
(
adj
)身体或(尤指)精神发育迟缓的,智力迟钝的
4
、
f
action
(
n
)
< br>(贬)组织上的小派别,派系(尤指政治上)
rival factions within the party
党内的对立派别
★
clique
(
< br>n
)小集团,派系、朋党
The club is dominated by a small clique
of intellectuals
。这俱乐部被知识分子小集团把持着
5
、
hue
(
n
)颜色,色彩,色调,
色度
Add orange paint to get a
warmer hue
。
★
color
(色彩,颜色)
6
、
luster
(
n
)
(光滑表面的)柔和光泽、光彩;
光荣,出色
Brave deeds adding
luster ot one?s
name
。使自己扬名增光的英勇业绩。
★
shimmer
(
vi
)发闪烁的微光
The surface of the road shimmered in
the heat of the sun
路面在列日的热气中发出闪烁的微光。
7
、
p>
persevere
(
vi
)
~
at/in/with sth
~
with sb
(褒)坚持做某事(尤指不畏困难)
You?ll need to
persevere if
you want the business to
succeed
。要想事业成功,就要持之以恒
◎
perseverance
(
p>
n
)坚持不懈,持之以恒
★
persist
(
vi
)
~
in sth
坚持,执意
He will
persist in riding that dreadful
bicycle
。他执意要骑那辆破自行车。
8
、
rav
e
(
vi
)
~
at/against/about sb
胡言乱语,说胡话,说疯话
The
patient began to rave incoherently at the
nurse
。病人对护士说起胡话来。
★
effervesce
(
vi
)
(指液体)释放出气泡,咝咝起泡了
p>
9
、
slay
(
slew
,
slain
)杀,残杀(尤指敌人)
soldiers slain in battle
在战斗中被杀害的士兵
★
kill
(
vt
)致死,杀死,扼杀;使某事物失败,遭拒绝
The guard was killed with a
high
-
powered
rifle
。那士兵被杀伤力大的火枪击毙了。
10
、
tablet
(
p>
n
)药片,药丸;
(肥皂等的)块
Take two of the tablets three
times daily after
meal
。每日三次,每次两片,饭后服用
★
pill
(
n
)药丸
He has to take six pills a
day until the recovers
他每天要福
6
粒药丸直到痊愈。
11
、
voluptuous
(
adj
)给人奢华或感官享受的
the voluptuous enjoyment of a hot bath
热水浴的舒适享受
★
sensuous
(
adj
)刺激感官的,感觉官能的
the sensuous appeal of her painting
她的画使人赏心悦目。
刘毅词汇
10000
学习笔记
lesson
3
(
1
)
<
/p>
1
、
access
(
n
)
~
to sth means of
approaching or entering
(进入或接近某地的)方法,通路
The village is easy of
access
。到那个村子的路很容易走。
The only access to the farmhouse is
across the
field
。要到那农舍去唯有穿过田地。
~
to sth/sb
(使用某物或接近某人的)机会,权利
Students must have access to a good
library
。学生要有使用好图书馆的便利条件。
◎
accessible
(
adj
)
~
to sb
可接近的,可进入的,可使用的
★
approach
(
v
)
(在时间或空间上)接近或靠近某人某事物
p>
The time is approaching when
we must think about buying a new house
。
我们要想一想买新房子的事情了,时机即将来
临。
As you approach the town the first
building you see is the
church
。接近那座城镇时,首先看到的就是教堂。
p>
(
vt
)
(在性质
或特点上)接近某人某事物
Few writers
even begin to approach Shakespeare?s
greatness
。莎士比亚的伟大,鲜有作家能望其项背。
(
vt
)
be
gin to tackle
着手处理(事务、难题等)
Before trying to solve the
puzzle
,
let us consider the
best way to approach it
。
想要解决这一难题,咱们先来考虑一下如何着手为上策。
(
n
)接近
At her
approach
,
the children ran
off
。她走近的时候,孩子们全跑开了
(
n
)性质或特点相似的事物
That?s the nearest approach to a smile
he ever
makes
。那已算他作出的最近乎微笑的表示了。
(
n
)道路,通路;手段,方法
◎
approachable
(
adj
)
(指人或物)可接近的
2
、
p>
beckon
(
v
)
(以手、臂、头部的动作)召唤某人(通常使之走近或跟随自己)
~
to sb to do
sth
City life beckons many a country
boy
。都市生活吸引着许多乡村子弟
~
sb in, on,
over, etc
示意某人按指定的方向行动
The girl standing at the mouth of the
cave beckoned him
in
。站在洞口的一个女孩摆手叫他进去。
★
signal
(
< br>v
)
(不用于被动)
~
to sb/sth for
sth
发信号传达(某信息)
,用信号与某人通讯
signaling wildly with one?s arms
奋力挥臂打信号
< br>3
、
concur
(
vi
)~
with
sb in sth
同意,表示意见一致
She expressed her opposition to the
plan
,
and I fully concur with
her in this matter
。
她对计划表示反对,在这一问题上我完全同意她的看法。
p>
(
vi
)
(指事情
等)同时发生
Everything concurred
to produce a successful
result
。所有的事都同时发生而产生了一个圆满的结局。
★
agree
(
vi
)~
to sth
同意,答应
~
with
同意,与某人意见一致
4
、
denounce
(
vt
)
~
sb to sb as sth
(向当局)告发某人
An
informer denounced him to the police as a
terrorist
。检举人已向警方告发他是恐怖分子。
<
/p>
(
vt
)谴责,指责,斥责
Union officials denounced the
action as a breach of the
agreement
。工会负责人谴责这一行动破坏了协议。
★
accuse
(
< br>vt
)~
sb of sth
指责某人有错,犯罪或犯法;指控,控告,谴责
accuse sb of cheating
谴责某人欺诈
◎
accusatory
(
adj
)指责的,谴责的,控告的
accusatory
remarks
,
glances
谴责的言语、目光
5
、
fray
(
n
)
the
fray
(修辞或谑)打斗,争吵
(
vt
)使某物磨损(致使线、纤维或丝松弛)
< br>
Constant rubbing will fray even the
thickest rope
。再粗的绳子也禁不住总磨
★
shred
(
n
)
(尤做复数)
(撕下、切下、
刮下)的细条、碎片
The jacket was
torn to shreds by the barbed
wire
。那件夹克让铁丝网给挂碎了。
(
v
)将某物撕成碎条或切成碎片
shredding
top
-
secret documents
用碎纸机把绝密文件切成碎片
◎
shredder
(
n
)切碎机,碎纸机
<
/p>
6
、
hamper
(
vt
)
prevent the
movement or activity
;
hinder
sb/sth
束缚某人;妨碍某人某事物
Our progress was hampered by the bad
weather
。我们前进时受到了恶劣天气的阻碍。
★
hinder
(
< br>vt
)
~
sb/sth from
doing sth
prevent the progress obstruct
or delay sb
阻碍、妨碍
某事物的进展,阻挠或耽误某人
Production was hindered by lack of
materials
。由于缺乏原料,生产陷入停顿。
7
、
mal
ady
(
n
)
(文,通常做比喻)疾病,病
Violent crime
is only one of the maladies afflicting modern
society
。暴力犯罪仅危害现
代社会的弊病之一。
★
ailment
(
n
)小病
He?s
prone to minor
ailments
。他动不动就生点小病。
8
、
plo
d
(
vi
)
~
along/on
迈着沉重的脚步行走;艰难的行走;缓慢的进行某工作
We plodded on through the rain for
several hours
。
我们在雨中跋涉了几个小时。
~
away
持续并缓慢(艰难的)工作
He
plodded away all night at the accounts but didn?t
finish them in
time
。他彻夜不眠的清理帐目,却未能按时完成。
★
trudge
(
< br>vi
)
(因疲惫,走长路)缓慢而吃力的走
He trudged 20
miles
。
他吃力的走了
20
英里。
9
、
remnant
(
< br>n
)
(常做复数)事物或人剩余的小部分,余下的数量;
遗留的痕迹
the remnants of a
shattered army
被击溃的军队残余部分
remnants of one?s former glory
自己过去的光荣见证
★
residue
(
n
)
(通常做单数)剩余物,残余
10
、
snore
(
vi
)打鼾,打呼噜<
/p>
snoring noisily with his
mouth open
张着嘴大声打鼾
★
wheeze
(
< br>vi
)呼吸时有声响(指由胸部发出的哨声,如因哮喘、支气管炎)
11
、
tinge
(
vt
)
(尤用于被动语态)
~
sth with sth
使某物稍染颜色;使某物略受影响
admiring tinged with envy
稍含妒忌的赞美
★
tincture
(
n
)
~
of sth
(事物或性质的)些微迹象或特色
a
tincture of heresy
稍有异端意味
刘毅词汇
10000
学习笔记
lesson
3
(
2
)
<
/p>
1
、
bicker
(
vi
)
~
with sb
over/about sth
(为小事)争吵
The children are always bickering over
their toys
孩子们常常为了玩具争吵
★
wrangle
(
vi
,
n
)
< br>
~
with sb
about/over sth
与某人为某事争吵或争辩
They were involved in a long legal
wrangle with the company over
payment
。
他们与那家公司在付款问题上陷入长期的法律纠纷中。
2
、
con
trive
(
vt
)
< br>plan cleverly or deceitfully
;
invent
;
design
谋划或策划某事,发明,设计
(
p>
vt
)想尽办法做某事
contrive to live on a small income
靠微薄收入精打细算过日子
◎
contrived
(
adj
)
(贬)人为的,策划的,虚假的,非自发
的
a contrived incident
intended to mislead the newspaper
企图蒙蔽报界的人为事件。
★
hatch
(
vi
)~
out
(指小鸟、小鱼)从卵里孵出
The
hen hatches out her young by sitting on the eggs
母鸡伏在蛋上孵小鸡。
(
vt
)
~
sth out/up
策划(阴谋)
,拟定(计划)
What mischief are those children
hatching up
?那些孩子在琢磨什么鬼花样?
3
、
daz
zle
(
vt
)
(通常用于被动语态)
(因强光、闪烁等)使某人目眩,眼花缭乱
I was dazzled by his
headlights
。
他的车头灯照的我目眩。
(
vt
)使某人赞许,称奇
He was dazzled by her beauty and wit
她的聪明美貌使他为之神魂颠倒。
★
glare
(
n
)耀眼的光;怒视,恶狠狠的注视
(习)
in the glare of publicity
经常在报纸电视上的,受公众瞩目
(
vi
)
~
at sb/sth
怒视,恶狠狠的盯视
He
didn?t shout and swear
,
but
just glared sliently at
me
。他不喊不骂,只是默默怒视着我。
glaring
(
adj
)令人目
眩的,耀眼的;生气的,凶狠的
4
、
fumble
(
vt
)
(笨拙的或紧张的)摸索或处理某事物
He fumbled the ball and then
dropped it
。他笨手笨脚的漏接了球。
(
vi
)
~
at/for/with sth
笨手笨脚的寻找某物
She
fumbled with her notes and began to speak
她手忙脚乱的翻出讲稿,然后开始讲话
★
grope
(
vi
)
~
about for/after
sth
摸索,探索
a
tricky question which groping him for an
answer
。迫使他搜寻答案的棘手问题
5
、
imp
air
(
vt
)削弱或损害某事物
p>
Today?s attack has seriously
impaired attempts to achieve peace
in
the area
。
今日发动的攻击严重损害了在该地区谋求和平的努力。
★
damage
(
< br>n
)
~
to sth
损失,损害,损毁;
(复数)损害赔偿金
(
v
)
损害,损坏
damage
relations between two countries
损害两国的关系
< br>6
、
mortify
(
vt
)
(通常用于被动语态)使某人深感羞辱或
难堪
He felt mortified
他深感难堪
◎
mortifying
(
adj
)使人丢脸的
◎
mortification
(<
/p>
n
)难堪
★
humiliate
(
vt
)使某人感到羞耻或不光彩,使丧失尊严或自尊
He felt humiliated by her scornful
remarks
他听到她那些嘲讽的话而感到屈辱。
◎
humiliation
(
n
)受辱
7
、
predominant
(
adj
)有势力的,占优势的
Which country is the predominant
member of the
alliance
?哪个国家在联盟中居于支配地位?
(
adj
)极其显著的,盛行的
Her predominant character is
honesty
。
她最为突出的优点是诚实。
★
outstanding
(
adj
)杰出的,优秀的,
(
adj
)
(通常做定语)地
位显著的,为人瞩目的
The outstanding
features of the
landscape
。景色的显著特点。
8
、
p>
sanitary
(
adj
)清洁的,卫生的,保健的
Conditions
in the kitchen was not very
sanitary
。厨房环境不太卫生
★
hygienic
(
adj
)卫生的,清洁的
hygienic conditions
卫生的环境
◎
hygiene
(
n
)卫生学
9
、
wallet
(
n
)钱包、皮夹(尤指用于放纸币、证件的)
★
purse
(
n
)小钱袋,小钱包
10
、
warrant
(
n
)
~
for sth
授权命令
issue a
warrant for sb?s arrest
发出逮捕某人的逮捕状
(
n
)
(可得到货、钱、服务的)凭证,证件
a travel warrant
通行证
(
n
)
~
for sth/doing
sth
正当理由,根据
He
had no warrant for doing that
他那样做毫无道理
(vt)
证明正当、有理或恰当
Nothing can warrant such severe
punishment
。这样严厉
de
惩罚毫无依据。
★
assurance
(
n
)自信,把握;保证,担保
◎
assure
(
< br>v
)明确或有信心的告诉某人,向某人保证
They were assured that everything
possible was done
已经向他们保证,凡是可能做的都做到了。
(
v
)
~
sb/oneself of
sth
使某人(自己)对某事物确信不疑或觉得肯定无误
They tried to assure him of their
willingness to work
他们尽力使他相信他们乐于工作。
◎
assured
(或者
self
p>
-
assured
)
(
adj
)自信的,有把握的
刘毅词汇
10000
学习笔记
lesson
3
(
3
)
<
/p>
1
、
allocate
< br>(
vt
)
~
sth to sb/sth
assign sth for a special
perpuse
(为某目的)配给,分配某事物给某人
allocate funds to us for repair work
拨出经费给我们做修理费
◎
allocation
(
n
)
配给,分配,拨出
★
apportion
(
vt
)
~
sth among/to sb
give sth as a share
分配某事物,分派某事物
I
don?t wish to apportion blame among you/to any of
you
。我不愿意怪罪大家。
◎
apportionment
(<
/p>
n
)分配,分派
2
、
bra
wl
(
n
)大声争吵,打架
(
vi
)打闹
gangs of youths brawling in the streets
在街上打打闹闹的一帮青年
★
fight
(
vi
)
~
against
争取克服、战胜、摧毁或防止某事物
fight against poverty
与贫困做斗争
The two
dogs are fighting over a
bone
。
两只小狗为一块骨头撕咬。
(
vi
)
~
about/over sth
争吵,争论
It?s a
trivial matter and not worth fighting
about
。区区小事不值得争吵。
(词组)
fight back
反击,回击,抵抗
After a
disastrous first half the team fought back to
level the
match
。该队在上半场惨败后重整旗鼓以求扳回平局。
(词组)
fight sb/sth off
抵抗或击退某人某事物
fighting off repeated enemy attack
击退敌人一次又一次的进攻。
p>
3
、
cynical
(
adj
)愤世嫉俗的,自私的不为人所齿的,心中只有自己
的
They?ve grown rather
cynical about democracy
他们逐渐感到所谓民主制度也不过尔尔。
★
sarcastic
(
adj
)讽刺的,讥讽的,挖苦的
a sarcastic person
好挖苦的人
◎
sarcasm
(
n
)讽刺,挖苦
★
contemptuous
(
p>
adj
)鄙视的,表示轻蔑的
He threw it away with contemptuous
gesture
。他带着不屑一顾的样子把它扔了。
★
sneer
(
vi
)
~
at sb/sth
嘲笑,讥笑某人某事物
I
resent the way he sneer at our efforts
我们已十分努力而他还讥笑我们,我很反感。
4
、
emb
ellish
(
vt
)
~
sth with
sth
美化、装饰或修饰某物;渲染、添枝加叶(使之更有趣,可笑)
a dress embellished with lace and
ribbons
有花边和饰带的连衣裙
He often embellishes the tales of his
travels
。他常给他的旅游趣闻添枝加叶。
◎
embellishment
(<
/p>
n
)装饰、渲染、润色;装饰之物
★
adorn
(
vt
)
~
sth/sb/oneself
with sth
装饰某物、某人、自己,装点,佩戴,装扮
The dancer was adorned with flowers
跳舞的人戴着许多花。
5
、
gallant
(<
/p>
adj
)勇敢的,英勇的;华丽的,堂皇的
a gallant soldier
勇敢的战士
a gallant
ship
华丽的船
◎
gallantry
(
n
)勇气,勇敢,英勇
He won many hearts by his
gallantry
。他以殷勤热情赢得芳心无数。
★
splendid
(
adj
)华丽的,壮丽的,堂皇的
a splendid house
富丽堂皇的房子
< br>6
、
immerse
(
vt
)
~
sth in sth
使某物浸于某液体中
immerse
the plant in water
把植物浸在水中
(
vi
)
~
oneself in sth
使自己专心于,沉浸于
He
immersed himself totally in his
work
。
他埋头于工作。
★
plunge
(
< br>vi
)使某物突然而猛力投入,穿入,进入等;陷入;使某物突然前移或跌落
p>
They plunged into the water
他们跳进了水中
The news
plunged us in
despair
。我们听到那消息后就陷入了绝望。
7
、
ost
entatious
(
adj
)夸耀的
,炫耀的,卖弄的
dress in a very
ostentatious manner
穿的非常显眼
◎
ostentation
(
n
)
(对财富、知识、技巧等的)夸耀、炫耀
、卖弄
Their daughter?s wedding
reception was sheer ostentations
他们女儿大办婚事纯粹是为了炫耀。
★
showy
(
adj
)炫耀的,显示的
p>
8
、
presentiment
(
n
)预感(尤指不祥的)
,凶兆
a presentiment of
trouble ahead
要出乱子的预感
★
foreboding
(
n
)
要有危险或坏事的预感
She
had a sinister foreboding that the plane would
crash
。她有个不祥的预感,飞机要失事。
◎
forebode
(
v
)
预示(尤指坏事)
9
、
satiate
(
vt
)
(通常用于被动语态)使某人充分满足
而不再需要某事物
She pushed her
chair back from the table
,
sa
tiated
。
她把椅子从餐桌处向后挪了挪,再也吃不下了。
★
surfeit
(
n
)
(通常做单数)过度,过量(尤指饮食)
a surfeit of rich food is bad
for you
。多吃油腻食物对身体有害。
(
vt
)
~
sb/oneself
with/on sth
向某人
/
自
己过多的提供某物(尤指食物)
1
0
、
undulate
(
vi
)波动,起伏,呈波浪形
wheat
undulating in the breeze
微风中起伏的麦浪
◎
undulation
(
n
)波动,起伏
★
wa
ve
(
vi
)
(指固定的物体)往复或上下摆动
a flag
waving in the breeze
微风中飘扬的旗子
刘毅词汇
10000
学习笔记
lesson
3
(
4
)
<
/p>
1
、
apparel
(
n
)
(旧或文)衣服,服装
p>
lords and ladies in rich
apparel
★
garment
(
n
)
(文或谑)
(一件)衣服
a strange shapeless
garment that had once been a jacket
用夹克改成的怪模怪样的衣服
2
p>
、
cajole
(
vt
)
~
sb into/out of sth
哄骗某人作某事,劝诱某人(指用恭维或欺骗的手段)
She was cajoled into accepting a new
contract
。她受人哄骗而接受了新合同
~
sth out of sb
以哄骗的手段从某人处得到(信息)
The confession had to be cajoled out of
him
连哄带劝他才坦白。
★
coax
(
vt
)
~
sb into/out of doing sth
劝诱或哄骗某人(指慢慢的、逐渐的劝诱)
He coaxed her into letting him take her
to the cinema
。他哄的她同意带她去看电影
~
sth out of/from
sb
用好言好语劝说某人
I
had to coax information out of him
我得用好话套出他掌握的情况。
<
/p>
3
、
discard
(
vt
)
扔掉,丢弃(某物)
;不再使用,不再穿戴(已没用的物品)
discard one?s winter clothes in spring
春天里换下冬装
★
reject
(
< br>vt
)拒绝接受(某人某事物)
She rejected his offer of
marriage
。她拒绝了他的求婚
抛弃某物,摒弃,剔除
Imperfect articles are rejected by our
quality control
我们进行质量检验时,有缺陷的产品均应剔除。
4
、
eff
ete
(
adj
)衰弱的,丧失权力的
;缺乏活力和力量的,虚弱的
an effete
civilization
没落的文明
an effete young man
无精打采的年轻人
★
exhausted
(
adj
)极其疲倦的
5
、
grudge
(
vt
)怨恨某事物,勉强作某事或给某物
He grudges her earning more than
he does
他妒忌她挣的比他多
★
resent
(
< br>vt
)
(因受到伤害、侮辱等)而感到愤恨、怨恨或气愤
I bitterly resent your
criticism
我对你批评我的话十分反感
6
、
kid
nap
(
v
)
诱拐、绑架、劫持
Two
businessmen have been kidnapped by terrorists
有两个商人让恐怖分子给劫持了
★
abduct
(
< br>vt
)诱拐
绑架
◎
a
bduction
(
n
)
7
、
< br>pact
(
n
)
(人,团体,国家等间的)契约、协议、条约、公约
a non
-
aggression
pact
互不侵犯条约
★
treaty
(
< br>n
)
(国家之间的)条约、协定
sign a peace treaty with a neighbouring
country
与邻国签订和平条约
8
、
pry
(
vi
)
~
into sth
打听,打探某人的私事
I
don?t want them prying into my affairs
我不愿他们打探我的私事
★
peep
(
vi
)
~
at sth
匆匆的,诡秘且小心的偷看,窥视
peeping at a secret document
偷看秘密文件
9
、
scour
(
vt
)
~
sth out
将某物刷净或擦亮
scour
the pots and pans
将壶和锅刷干净
~
sth away/off
擦掉,刷去污垢
★
ransack
(
vt
)
~
sth for sth
彻底搜寻某处;抢劫某物,掠夺
I
have ransacked the house for those papers
我满房子到处找那些文件
10
、
swagger
(
vi
)
(贬)趾高气扬的走路或行事
He took his prize and swaggered to his
seat
他领奖后得意洋洋的回到自己的座位上
★
strut
(
vi
)
(贬)趾高气扬的走,高视阔步
She strutted past
us
,
ignoring our greeting
她神气活现的从我们面前走过,我们打招呼她都不理。
11
、
va
gary
(
n
)
(通常作复数)怪异多变,奇想
The vagaries
of fashion
时髦样式
★
fancy
(
n
)想象力(尤指对非现实的事物)
I have a fancy that he will be
late
。我感觉到他要迟到。
extraterrestrial-毒砂
extraterrestrial-毒砂
extraterrestrial-毒砂
extraterrestrial-毒砂
extraterrestrial-毒砂
extraterrestrial-毒砂
extraterrestrial-毒砂
extraterrestrial-毒砂
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