帮忙英美概况上 知识点总结

Unit1.

（选择、判断、填空）

flag

of

Britain

:

Union

Jack

2.

time

joining

the

British

parliament:

However,

in

by

agreement

of

the

English

and

Scottish

parliaments,

Scot

land

joined

the

Union.

ence

between

the

British

Isles

,UK,

Great

Britain

,

and

England:

?

British

Isles:

the

island

of

Great

Britain

the

island

of

Ireland

surrounding

isles

?

UK=Great

Britain

+

Northern

Ireland

?

Great

Britain

=England

+Scotland

+

Wales

four

major

invasions

in

the

history

of

Great

Britain

:

At

first,

England

was

occupied

by

Celtic

people.

Then

in

43AD

Britain

was

invaded

by

the

Roman

empire.

the

Angle-Saxon

invaded.

The

land

they

lived

became

Angle- land

changed

into

England,

t

he

language

they

spoken

became

English.

the

Vikings

invaded.

in

a

certain

cultural

divide

between

northerners

and

southerners

in

En

gland,

which

can

be

expressed

as

versus

the

Normans

,

William

of

Normandy

invaded

this

country.

in

invading

London:

(P4)

Unit2

（选择、判断、填空）

Northern

Ireland

(often

called

an

ancient

Irish

kingdom)

ties

to

seek

Irish

independence

:

?

Home

-rule

?

The

Easter

Rising

of

1916:

was

the

most

spectacular

event,

in

which

the

rebels

took

over

Dublin's

Post

Office,

forcing

the

British

to

retake

it

by

military

means.

第

1/8

页

cal

parties:

?

the

Sinn

Fein

party

legal

?

?

IRA:

Irish

Republican

Army

(illegal)

cal

troubles

in

Northern

Ireland

(famous):

?

Indigenous

Roman

Catholics

vs.

Protestant

immigrates

?

Partition(

分割

)

:

The

southern

26

counties

would

form

an

independen

t

state

while

the

6

north- eastern

counties

would

remain

a

part

of

the

UK.

Good

Friday

Agreement

:(

了解下，

P26)

Unit

3

s

of

state

building:

The

process

of

state- building

has

been

one

of

evolution

rather

than

rev

olution.

oldest

institution

of

government

in

Britain

:

Britain

is

both

a

parliamentary

democracy

and

a

constitutional

monarc

hy.

right

of

kings

:

It

was

held

that

the

sovereign

derived

his

authority

from

God,

not

fro

m

his

subjects.

Carta

:

limits

on

the

king's

ability

to

abuse

his

royal

power.

Bill

of

Rights

:

ensured

that

the

King

would

never

be

able

to

ignore

Parliament.

(

Will

iam

of

Orange

时期

)

Constitution

:(P39)

functions

of

parliament

:

（

P40

）

ment:

?

She

is

legally

head

of

the

executive,

an

integral

part

of

the

legislature,

head

of

the

judiciary,

commander

in

chief

of

the

armed

forces

and

me

governor

of

the

Church

of

England

，

a

confidante

to

the

Prime

Minist

er

（了解下）

?

do

not

receive

salaries

，

both

sexist

and

elitist

(

了解下

)

Lords

Spiritu

al

hereditary

peers

Lords

Temporal

life

peers

?

(P42)

重要

Unit4

importance

of

general

elections:(P50)

electoral

campaigns

:

(P51)

formation

of

the

government

:(P50)

第

2/8

页

relations

in

the

UK:(P59)

了解下

main

political

parties

in

the

UK:

?

?

the

Conservative

Party

won

4

elections

in

row

?

a

party

of

the

ddle

改革

(The re

were

also

negative

consequences)

了解下

Unit5

(

判断、选择、填空

)

1

、

Absolute

Decline

2

、

Relative

Decline

of

the

UK

economy:

(P71)

重要

3

、

the

reason

for

its

relative

decline

:(

了解下

)

the

country

had

gone

heavily

into

debt

in

order

to

finance

the

war

the

era

of

empire

was

over

Large

military

expenses

Outdated

industries

and

less-competitive

products

A

lack

of

close

relationship

between

industry

and

banks

division

of

British

industries

:

Primary

industries

(mining

industry

矿业

)

Secondary

industries

(steelindustry

钢铁业

)

Tertiary

industries

(insurance

保险，

the

selling

of

goods)

City:

The

name

given

to

the

historic

area

at

the

centre

of

Londo

n

London

Stock

Exchange:

The

heart

of

the

City

（伦敦的中心是伦

敦城，伦 敦城的中心是伦敦证券交易所）

Unit6

（填空、选择、判断）

f

:

One

of

the

oldest

of

these

early

English

literary

works

is

a

long

poem

from

Anglo-Saxon

times

called

Beowulf.

ey

Chaucer

：

The

Canterbury

Tales

ethan

Drama:

Marlowe

：

The

Tragical

History

of

Dr

Faustus

William

Shakespeare

The

Taming

of

the

Shrew

Hamlet

A

Midsummer

Night's

Dream

Othell

o

（重要）

King

Lear

The

Tempest

Macbeth.

：

Richard

III,

Richard

II,

Henry

IV,

and

Henry

V.

Julius

Caesar

，

An

tony

第

3/8

页

and

Cleopatra

17th

Century:

John

Milton

:

Paradise

Lost

18th

Century:

Jonathan

Swift

:

Gulliver's

Travels

Romantic

Period:

William

Wordsworth

and

Samuel

Taylor

Coleridge

：

Lyrical

Ballads

（

m

arked

the

beginning

of

the

Romantic

Period.

）

George

Gordon,

Lord

Byron

Three

men

John

Keats

Percy

Bysshe

Shelley

Nineteenth

Century

Novel:

Mary

Shelley:

Frankenstein

Sense

and

Sensibility