mento-棱柱体
北京语言大学网络教育学院
《综合英语（Ⅱ）
》模拟试卷一
注意：
1.
试卷保密，考生不得将试卷带出考场或撕页，否则成绩作废。请监考老师负责监督。
2.
请各位考生注意考试纪律，考试作弊全部成绩以零分计算。
3.
本试卷满分
100
分，答题时间为
90
分钟。
4.
本试卷分为试题卷和答题卷，所
有答案必须答在答题卷上，答在试题卷上不给分。
I. Multiple Choice. (1 point for each,
altogether 20 points)
Directions:
There
are 20 sentences in this section. Beneath each
sentence there
are four choices
respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D.
Choose the word
that
you
think
best
complete
the
sentence.
Write
your
answers
on
the
answer
sheet.
1. I'm fed up with something. It means
_______.
[A] I am annoyed by something
[B] I'm tired of something
[C] I'm worried about something
[D] I like something very much.
2. How is it _______ your
roommate
’
s request and yours
are identical?
[A] if
[B] so
[C]
what
[D] that
3.
______ the storm, the ship would have reached its
destination on time.
[A] But for
[B] In case of
[C] In spite of
[D] Because of
4.
What a lovely party! It’s
worth
_______ all my life.
[A] remembering
[B] to remember
[C] to be
remembered
[D] being remembered
5. She remains confident and _______
untroubled by our present problems.
[A]
indefinitely
[B] infinitely
[C] optimistically
[D]
seemingly
6. In those days, executives
expected to spend most of their lives in the same
firm and, unless
they were dismissed
for ______, to retire at the age of 65.
[A] integrity
[B] denial
[C]
incompetence
[D] deduction
7. This ticket _______ you to a free
boat tour on the lake.
[A] entitles
[B] appoints
[C] grants
[D] credits
8. I suggest we put the scheme into
effect, for it is quite ______.
[A] eligible
[B] sustainable
[C] probable
[D] feasible
9. Mr. Smith became very
_______ when it was suggested that he had made a
mistake.
[A] ingenious
[B] empirical
[C] objective
[D] indignant
10. With prices _______ so much, it is
difficult for the school to plan a budget.
[A] vibrating
[B] fluctuating
[C]
fluttering
[D] swinging
11.
This new laser printer is ______ with all leading
software.
[A] comparable
[B]
competitive
[C] compatible
[D] cooperative
12
. We’d like to _______ a
table for five for dinner this evening.
[A]
preserve
[B] retain
[C]
reserve
[D] sustain
13.
Sadly, the Giant Panda is one of the many species
now in danger of _______.
[A] extinction
[B] migration
[C]
destruction
[D] extraction
14. I suffered from mental _______
because of stress from my job.
[A] damage
[B] release
[C] relief
[D] fatigue
15. Weeks
_______ before anyone was arrested in connection
with the bank robbery.
[A] terminated
[B] elapsed
[C] overlapped
[D] expired
16
. To our _______,
Geoffrey’s illness proved not to be as serious as
we had feared.
[A] anxiety
[B] relief
[C] view
[D] judgment
17. During the process, great care has
to be taken to protect the ______ silk from
damage.
[A]
sensitive
[B] tender
[C]
delicate
[D] sensible
18. We
expect him to ______ his promises.
[A] carry out
[B] come out
[C] turn out
[D] find out
19. She _______ her trip to
New York because she was ill.
[A] called off
[B] closed down
[C] put up
[D] went off
20. You
shouldn’t have written in the _______ since the
book belongs to the library.
[A] interval
[B]
border
[C] margin
[D] edge
II. Cloze (1 point for
each, altogether 20 points)
Directions:
Decide
which
of
the
choices
given
below
would
best
complete
the
passage
if
inserted
in
the
corresponding
blanks.
Write
your
answers
on
the
answer sheet.
For
the
past
two
years,
I
have
been
working
on
students’
evaluation
of
classroom
teaching. I have
kept a record of informal conversations
21
some 300 students from at
22
twenty one colleges and
universities. The students were generally
23
and direct
in
their comments
__24
how course work could be better
25
.
Most of their remarks were
kindly
26
—
with tolerance
rather than bitterness
—
and
frequently were softened by the
27
that the students were
speaking
28
some, not
all,
instructors.
Nevertheless,
29
the
following
suggestions
and
comments
indicate,
students feel
__30
with things as they are in the
classroom. Professors should be __31_
from reading lecture notes. “It makes
their
32
monotonous
(
单调的
).”If they are going
to read, why not
__ 33
out copies of the lecture?
Then we
34
need to go to
class.
Professors
should
35
repeating
in
lectures
material
that
is
in
the
textbook.
36
we’ve
read
the
material,
we
want
to
__37
it
or
hear
it
elaborated
on,
_38__
repeated. “A lot of
students hate to buy a
39__
text that the professor has
written
40
to have his
lectures repeat it.”
21. [A] involving
[B]
counting
[C] covering
[D]
figuring
22. [A] best
[B]
least
[C] length
[D] large
23. [A] reserved
[B] hard
working
[C] polite
[D] frank
24. [A] over
[B] at
[C] on
[D] of
25.
[A] presented
[B] submitted
[C] described
[D] written
26. [A] received
[B]
addressed
[C] made
[D] taken
27. [A] occasion
[B] truth
[C] case
[D] fact
28. [A] on
29.
[A] though
30. [A] dissatisfied
31. [A] interfered
32. [A]
voices
33. [A] hold
34. [A]
couldn’t
35. [A] refuse
36. [A] Once
37.
[A] remember
38. [A] yet
39.
[A] desired
40. [A] about
[B] about
[B] as
[B] unsatisfactory
[B]
interrupted
[B] sounds
[B]
leave
[B]
wouldn’t
[B]
prohibit
[B] Until
[B] argue
[B] not
[B] revised
[B] how
[C] at
[C] whether
[C] satisfied
[C]
discouraged
[C] pronunciation
[C] drop
[C]
mustn’t
[C]
prevent
[C] However
[C]
discuss
[C] and
[C] required
[C] but
[D] with
[D] if
[D] satisfactory
[D]
disturbed
[D] gestures
[D]
give
[D]
shouldn’t
[D]
avoid
[D] Unless
[D] keep
[D] or
[D] deserved
[D] only
III. Reading
Comprehension. (2 points for each, altogether 30
points)
Directions:
There
are
three
passages
followed
by
questions.
Beneath
each
question
there
are
four
choices
respectively
marked
by
letters
A,
B,
C
and
D.
Choose the right answer
for
each question.
Write
your answers
on the answer
sheet.
Passage 1
I’ve been writing for most of my life.
Th
e book Writing without Teachers
introduced me
to one distinction and
one practice that has helped my writing processes
tremendously. The
distinction is
between the creative mind and the critical mind.
While you need to employ both
to get to
a finished result, they cannot work in parallel no
matter how much we might like to
think
so.
Trying to
criticize writing on the fly is possibly the
single greatest barrier to writing that
most
of
us
encounter.
If
you
are
listening
to
that
5th
grade
English
teacher
correct
your
grammar while you are trying to capture
a fleeting (
稍纵即逝的
) thought,
the thought will
die. If you capture
the fleeting thought and simply share it with the
world in raw form, no one
is likely to
understand. You must learn to create first and
then criticize if you want to make
writing the tool for thinking that it
is.
The
practice that can help you past your learned bad
habits of trying to edit as you write
is
what
Elbow
calls
“
free
writing
”
.
In
free
writing,
the
objective
is
to
get
words
down
on
paper
non-stop, usually for 15-20 minutes. No stopping,
no going back, no criticizing. The
goal
is to get the words flowing. As the words begin to
flow, the ideas will come from the
shadows and let themselves be captured
on your notepad or your screen.
Now you have raw materials
that you can begin to work with using the critical
mind that
you
’
ve
persuaded to sit on the side and watch quietly.
Most likely, you will believe that this
will take more time than you actually
have and you will end up staring blankly at the
pages
as the deadline draws near.
Instead
of
staring
at
a
blank
start
filling
it
with
words
no
matter
how
bad.
Halfway
through
you
available
time,
stop
and
rework
your
raw
writing
into
something
closer
to
finished product. Move back and forth
until you run out of time and the final result
will most
likely be far better than
your current practices.
41
.
When the author says the creative mind and the
critical mind “cannot work in parallel”
(Line 4, Para. 1) in the writing
process, he means ________.
[A] no one can be both creative and
critical
[B] they cannot be regarded as
equally important
[C] they are in
constant conflict with each other
[D]
one cannot use them at the same time
42. What prevents people from writing
on is ________.
[A] putting
their ideas in raw form
[B] attempting
to edit as they write
[C] ignoring
grammatical soundness
[D] trying to
capture fleeting thoughts
43. What is
the chief objective of the first stage of writing?
[A]
To organize one’s
thoughts logically.
[B] To
choose an appropriate topic.
[C]
To get one’s ideas down.
[D] To collect raw materials.
44
. One common concern of
writers about “free writing” is that ________.
[A] it overstresses the
role of the creative mind
[B] it takes
too much time to edit afterwards
[C] it
may bring about too much criticism
[D]
it does not help them to think clearly
45. In what way does the critical mind
help the writer in the writing process?
[A] It refines his writing
into better shape.
[B] It helps him to
come up with new ideas.
[C] It saves
the writing time available to him.
[D]
It allows him to sit on the side and observe.
Passage 2
Some pessimistic
experts feel that the automobile is bound to fall
into disuse. They see a
day in the not-
too-distant future when all autos will be
abandoned and allowed to rust. Other
authorities,
however,
think
the
auto
is
here
to
stay.
They
hold
that
the
car
will
remain
a
leading means of urban travel in the
foreseeable future.
The
motorcar
will
undoubtedly
change
significantly
over
the
next
30
years.
It
should
become
smaller,
safer,
and
more
economical,
and
should
not
be
powered
by
the
gasoline
engine. The car of
the future should be far more pollution-free than
present types.
Regardless
of its power source, the auto in the future will
still be the main problem in
urban
traffic
congestion
(
拥挤
).
One
proposed
solution
to
this
problem
is
the
automated
highway system.
When the auto enters the highway
system, a retractable (
可伸缩的
)
arm will drop from
the
auto
and
make
contact
with
a
rail,
which
is
similar
to
those
powering
subway
trains
electrically.
Once
attached
to
the
rail,
the
car
will
become
electrically
powered
from
the
system,
and control of the vehicle will pass to a central
computer. The computer will then
monitor all of the car’s
movements.
The driver will use a
telephone to dial instructions about his
destination into the system.
The
computer will calculate the best route, and
reserve space for the car all the way to the
correct exit from the highway. The
driver will then be free to relax and wait for the
buzzer
(
蜂鸣器
) that
will warn him of his coming exit. It is estimated
that an automated highway
will be able
to handle 10,000 vehicles per hour, compared with
the 1,500 to 2,000 vehicles
that can be
carried by a present-day highway.
46.
One
significant improvement in the future car will
probably be __________.
[A] its power
source
[B] its driving system
[C] its monitoring system
[D] its seating capacity
47
. What is the author’s
main concern?
[A] How to
render automobiles pollution-free.
[B] How to make smaller and safer
automobiles.
[C] How to
solve the problem of traffic jams.
[D]
How to develop an automated subway system.
48. What provides autos with electric
power in an automated highway system?
[A] A rail.
[B] An engine.
[C] A retractable arm.
[D] A
computer controller.
49. In an
automated highway system, all the driver needs to
do is __________.
[A] keep
in the right lane
[B] wait
to arrive at his destination
[C] keep in constant touch with the
computer center
[D] inform the system
of his destination by phone
50.
What is the author’s attitude toward
the future of autos?
[A]
Enthusiastic.
[B] Pessimistic.
[C] Optimistic.
[D]
Cautious.
Passage 3
The rate of population growth is
fastest in underdeveloped countries. In these
countries
a
high
birthrate
is
accompanied
by
a
lowered
death
rate
thanks
to
improved
standards
of
public health. Ideally it
should be possible to counter balance the effect
of a reduced death
rate
by
an
increased
use
of
family
planning.
In
practice,
however,
population
control
is
a
complex
matter.
Throughout
history
people
have
determined
the
size
of
their
families
according to the cultural values of
their societies.
Population
control has long been a subject of discussion
among researchers. Some have
argued
that the supply of good land is limited. In order
to feed a large population, bad land
must be cultivated and the good land
overworked. As a result, each person produces less
in a
given amount of time and this
means a lower average income than could be
obtained with a
smaller population.
Other researchers have argued that a large
population gives more scope
for the
development of facilities such as sports, roads
and railways, which are not likely to be
built unless there is a big demand to
justify them. Similarly, it can be argued that the
public
costs of society will not be so
heavy to each individual if they are shared among
the members
of a large population.
One of the difficulties in implementing
birth control lies in the fact that official
attitudes
to
population
growth
vary
from
country
to
country.
In
underdeveloped
countries
where
a
large
population is pressing hard upon the limits of
food, space and natural resources, it will
be
the
first
concern
of
government
to
place
a
limit
on
the
birthrate.
In
a
well
developed
society the
problem may be more complex. A declining birthrate
may lead to unemployment
because it
results in a shrinking market. Cities with a
declining population may have to face
the prospect of a shrinking tax base
and a fall in land values. If there are fewer
children going
to school, teachers may
be thrown out of work. When the pressure of
population on housing
declines,
prices
also
decline
and
the
building
industry
is
weakened.
Faced
with
considerations such as these, the
government of a developed country may well prefer
to see a
slowly increasing population,
rather than one which is stable or in decline.
51. One reason for quick population
increase in underdeveloped countries is that
__________.
[A]
those countries encourage people to have large
families
[B] people can get government
support if they have more kids
[C]
improved public health standards have reduced
death rate greatly
[D] those countries
have enough resources to support a large
population
52. The writer suggests that
policy makers should consider cultural values
__________.
[A] in carrying
out family planning
[B] in producing
birth control drugs
[C] in improving
public health standards
[D] in
introducing birth control techniques
53. A large population in an
underdeveloped country may lead to __________.
[A] a rise in work
efficiency
[B] a shortage of farm
workers
[C] a decline in grain
production
[D] a reduction in average
income
54. Some people believe that
population control in developed countries may
__________.
[A]
increase market demand
[B] lower
unemployment rate
[C] slow down
economic growth
[D] create more job
opportunities
55. According to the
writer, developed countries prefer __________.
[A] a standstill population
[B] a fast increasing population
[C] a slowly growing population
[D] a steadily decreasing population
IV
.
Translation. (2 points for each, altogether 10
points)
Directions:
Translate the following Chinese
sentences into English by using the
words given in the brackets.
Write your answers on the answer sheet.
56.
她看起来仿佛刚从外太空回来似的。
(look as if)
57.
她的许多同事已经失去了工作，她总算保住了。
(hold
on to)
58.
这种软件使你在几秒钟内便可访问互联网。
(enable)
59.
如果我是你的话，我无法忍受他的傲慢。
(put up
with)
60.
她的新作没有达到她平常的水准。
(be up to)
Ⅴ
.
Writing
(20
points)
Directions:
In this part,
you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition
on the
topic: My Idea of Pop Music. You
should write at least 150 words based on the
outline
(given
in
Chinese)
below
,
and
write
your
composition
on
the
answer
sheet.
1)
有人认为流行音乐不能登大雅之堂
;
2)
有人认为音乐无高低贵
;
3)
我的看法。
《综合英语（Ⅱ）
》模拟试卷一
答案
I. Multiple
Choice. (1 point for each, altogether 20 points)
题号
答案
题号
答案
1
B
11
C
2
D
12
C
3
A
13
A
4
A
14
D
5
D
15
B
6
C
16
B
7
A
17
C
8
D
18
A
9
D
19
A
10
B
20
C
II. Cloze. (1
points for each, altogether 20 points)
题号
答案
题号
答案
21
A
31
C
22
B
32
A
23
D
33
D
24
C
34
B
25
A
35
D
26
C
36
A
27
D
37
C
28
B
38
B
29
B
39
C
30
A
40
D
III. Reading
Comprehension. (2 points for each, altogether 30
points)
题号
答案
题号
答案
41
D
51
C
42
B
52
A
43
C
53
D
44
B
54
C
45
A
55
C
46
A
47
C
48
A
49
D
50
C
IV
. Translation. (2 point
for each, altogether 10 points)
56.
标准答案：
It looks as if she had
just come back from outer space.
考核目标：考查词组
look as if
的用法，参阅《综合英语
2
》课件
Unit 6
。
57.
标准答案：
She managed to hold on
to her job while many of her colleagues lost
theirs.
考核目标：考查动词词组
hold
on to
的用法，参阅《综合英语
2
》课件
Unit 3
。
58.
标准答案：
The software enables
you to access the Internet in seconds.
考核目
标：考查动词
enable
的用法，参阅《综合英语
2
》课件
Unit
8
。
59.
标准答案：
I wouldn't put up with
his arrogance if I were you.
考核目标：考查动词词组
put up with
的用法，参阅《综合英语
2
》课件
< br>Unit 10
。
60.
标准答案：
Her latest book isn’t
up to her usual standard.
考核目标：考查词组
be up to
的用法，参阅《综合英语
2
》课件
Un
it 6
。
V
. Writing (20 points)
略
北京语言大学网络教育学院
《综合英语（Ⅱ）
》模拟试卷二
注意：
1.
试卷保密，考生不得将试卷带出考场或撕页，否则成绩作废。请监考老师负责监督。
2.
请各位考生注意考试纪律，考试作弊全部成绩以零分计算。
3.
本试卷满分
100
分，答题时间为
90
分钟。
4.
本试卷分为试题卷和答题卷，所
有答案必须答在答题卷上，答在试题卷上不给分。
I. Multiple Choice. (1 point for each,
altogether 20 points)
Directions:
There
are 20 sentences in this section. Beneath each
sentence there
are four choices
respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D.
Choose the word
that
you
think
best
complete
the
sentence.
Write
your
answers
on
the
answer
sheet.
1. He never lets you down at work. It
means he ______ at work.
[A] never disappoints you
[B] never makes you happy
[C] laughs at you
[D] embarrasses you
2. We left the meeting, there obviously
______ no point in staying.
[A] were
[B]
being
[C] to be
[D] having
3. Areas where students have particular
difficulty have been treated ______ particular
care.
[A] by
[B] in
[C] under
[D] with
4. Tom always
turns in his paper late. This one _______ be here
yesterday.
[A] should
[B] must
[C] could
[D] is supposed to
5. Little ______ about his own health
though he was very ill.
[A]
he cared
[B]
did he care
[C]
he cares
[D]
does he care
6.
No one can function properly if they are ______ of
adequate sleep.
[A]
deprived
[B] ripped
[C]
stripped
[D] contrived
7.
The famous scientist ______ his success to hard
work.
[A]
imparted
[B]
granted
[C]
ascribed
[D]
acknowledged
8.
Not
only
the
professionals
but
also
the
amateurs
will
______
from
the
new
training
facilities.
[A] derive
[B] acquire
[C] benefit
[D] reward
9. He was proud of being chosen to
participate in the game and he ______ us that he
would
try as hard as possible.
[A] insured
[B] guaranteed
[C] assumed
[D] assured
10. This is the nurse who
______ to me when I was ill in hospital.
[A] accompanied
[B] attended
[C] entertained
[D] shielded
11. As one of
the youngest professors in the university, Miss
King is certainly on the
_______ of a
brilliant career.
[A] threshold
[B] edge
[C] porch
[D] course
12. The ______
cycle of life and death is a subject of interest
to scientists and philosophers
alike.
[A] incompatible
[B] exceeding
[C]
instantaneous
[D] eternal
13. Many people like white color as it
is a ______ of purity.
[A] symbol
[B] sign
[C] signal
[D] symptom
14. A dark suit is ______ to a light
one for evening wear.
[A] favourable
[B] suitable
[C] preferable
[D] proper
15. I waited for him for half an hour,
but he never ______.
[A] turned in
[B] turned down
[C] turned off
[D] turned up
16. I have had my eyes tested and the
report says that my ______ is perfect.
[A] outlook
[B] vision
[C] horizon
[D] perspective
17. The results are hardly
_______; he cannot believe they are accurate.
[A] credible
[B] contrary
[C] critical
[D] crucial
18. This book is
expected to _______ the best-seller lists.
[A] promote
[B] prevail
[C] dominate
[D] exemplify
19. This
research has attracted wide ______ coverage and
has featured on BBC television’s
Tomorrow’s World.
[A] message
[B] information
[C] media
[D] data
20. The wood was so rotten that, when
we pulled, it _______ into fragments.
[A] broke off
[B] broke away
[C] broke
through
[D] broke up
II. Cloze (1 point for each, altogether
20 points)
Directions:
Decide
which
of
the
choices
given
below
would
best
complete
the
passage
if
inserted
in
the
corresponding
blanks.
Write
your
answers
on
the
answer sheet.
We have spoken of marriage as a formal
contract. It should be noted, however, that this
contract does not
21
the same form in different societies.
In Western societies, the
22
of a man and a woman
23
given the status of
legal
marriage by being registered by an official
24
by the state. In some
African
societies,
25
,
marriage has nothing to do
26
an official registration of this
kind but is legalized by the formal
27
of goods. Generally
28
is
the
bridegroom who is required to make
a
29
of goods to the bride's
kin(
亲戚
), though
sometimes a payment is
30
made by the bridegroom's kin to that of
the bride. Among
the Nuer, a
31
living in
Southern Sudan, the payment made to the bride's
kin,
32
as bride
wealth, is in the
33
of cattle. Once the
34
of bride wealth is agreed
35
, and the formal payment is
made, the marriage becomes a
36
union and the
offspring of the union become the
acceptable
37
of the husband.
They remain
38
children even
39
the wife subsequently leaves him to
live with
40
man.
21. [A]
make
22. [A] condition
23.
[A] is
24. [A] recognizing
25. [A] however
26. [A] with
27. [A] exchange
28. [A]
that
29. [A] money
30. [A]
also
31. [A] person
32. [A] called
33. [A] shape
34. [A] amount
35. [A] upon
36. [A] legal
37. [A] bride
38. [A] his
39. [A] before
40. [A] other
[B] get
[B] difference
[B] are
[B] recognize
[B] yet
[B] from
[B] contact
[B] this
[B] payment
[B] too
[B] people
[B] known
[B] size
[B] number
[B] with
[B] casual
[B] cattle
[B] her
[B] because
[B] another
[C] take
[C] union
[C] was
[C] to recognize
[C] though
[C] for
[C] communication
[C] one
[C] cost
[C] either
[C] man
[C] named
[C] form
[C] figure
[C] to
[C] direct
[C] wealth
[C] their
[C] while
[C] more
[D] do
[D] divorce
[D] were
[D] recognized
[D] still
[D] to
[D] connection
[D] it
[D] consumption
[D] as well
[D] couple
[D] looked
[D] type
[D] volume
[D] for
[D] progressive
[D] children
[D] ones
[D] if
[D] farther
III. Reading
Comprehension. (2 points for each, altogether 30
points)
Directions:
There
are
three
passages
followed
by
questions.
Beneath
each
question
there
are
four
choices
respectively
marked
by
letters
A,
B,
C
and
D.
Choose the right answer
for
each question.
Write
your answers
on the answer
sheet.
Passage 1
I don’t ever want to talk about being a
woman scientist again. There was a time in
my
life when people asked
constantly for stories about what it’s like to
work in a field dominated
by men. I was
never very good at telling those stories because
truthfully I never found them
interesting. What I do find interesting
is the origin of the universe, the shape of space-
time
and the nature of black holes.
At 19, when I began studying
astrophysics, it did not bother me in the least to
be the
only woman in the classroom. But
while earning my Ph.D. at MIT and then as a post-
doctor
doing space research, the issue
started to bother me. My every
achievement
—
jobs, research
papers,
awards
—
was viewed through
the lens of gender (
性别
)
politics. So were my failures.
Sometimes, when I was pushed into an
argument on left brain versus
(
相对于
) right brain, or
nature
versus
nurture
(
培育
),
I
would
instantly
fight
fiercely
on
my
behalf
and
all
womankind.
Then one day a few years ago, out of my
mouth came a sentence that would eventually
become my reply to any and all
provocations: I don
’
t talk
about that anymore. It took me 10
years
to
get
back
the
confidence
I
had
at
19
and
to
realize
that
I
didn
’
t
want
to
deal
with
gender
issues.
Why
should
curing
sexism
be
yet
another
terrible
burden
on
every
female
scientist? After all,
I don’t study sociology or political
theory.
Today I research and
teach at Barnard, a women
’
s
college in New York City. Recently,
someone
asked
me
how
many
of
the
45
students
in
my
class
were
women.
You
cannot
imagine my
satisfaction at being able to answer, 45. I know
some of my students worry how
they will
manage their scientific research and a desire for
children. And I don’t dismiss those
concerns. Still, I
don’t
tell them “war” stories. Instead, I have given
them this: the visual of
their physics
professor heavily pregnant doing physics
experiments. And in turn they have
given me the image of 45 women driven
by a love of science. And that’s a sight worth
ta
lking
about.
4
1. Why doesn’t the author
want to talk about being a woman scientist
again?
[A] She feels unhappy
working in male-dominated fields.
[B]
She is fed up with the issue of gender
discrimination.
[C] She is not good at
telling stories of the kind.
[D] She
finds space research more important.
4
2.
From
Paragraph
2,
we
can
infer
that
people
would
attribute
the
author’s
failures
to
________.
[A]
the very fact that she is a woman
[B]
her involvement in gender politics
[C]
her over-confidence as a female astrophysicist
[D] the burden she bears in a male-
dominated society
43.
What
did
the
author
constantly
fight
against
while
doing
her
Ph.D.
and
post-doctoral
research?
[A] Lack of
confidence in succeeding in space science.
[B] Unfair accusations from both inside
and outside her circle.
[C]
People
’
s stereotyped
attitude toward female scientists.
[D]
Widespread misconceptions about nature and
nurtured.
44. Why does the author feel
great satisfaction when talking about her class?
[A] Female students no longer have to
bother about gender issues.
[B] Her
students
’
performance has
brought back her confidence.
[C] Her
female students can do just as well as male
students.
[D] More female students are
pursuing science than before.
45. What
does the image the author presents to her students
suggest?
[A] Women students
needn
’
t have the concerns of
her generation.
[B] Women have more
barriers on their way to academic success.
[C] Women can balance a career in
science and having a family.
[D] Women now have fewer problems
pursuing a science career.
Passage 2
Communications technologies are far
from equal when it comes to conveying the truth.
The first study to compare honesty
across a range of communication media has found
that
people are twice as likely to tell
lies in phone conversations as they are in emails.
The fact
that emails are automatically
recorded
—
and can come back
to haunt (
困扰
)
you
—
appears to
be
the key to the finding.
Jeff Hancock of
Cornell
University
in
Ithaca,
New
York,
asked
30
students
to
keep
a
communications
diary
for
a
week.
In
it
they
noted
the
number
of
conversations
or
email
exchanges they had lasting more than 10
minutes, and confessed to how many lies they told.
Hancock then worked out the number of
lies per conversation for each medium. He found
that
lies
made
up
14
percent
of
emails,
21
percent
of
instant
messages,
27
per
cent
of
face-to-face interactions
and an astonishing 37 percent of phone calls.
His results to
be presented at the conference on human-computer
interaction in Vienna,
Austria,
in
April,
have
surprised
psychologists.
Some
expected
e-mailers
to
be
the
biggest
liars, reasoning that because deception
makes people uncomfortable, the detachment
(
非直接
接触
)
of
emailing
would
make
it
easier
to
lie.
Others
expected
people
to
lie
more
in
face-to-face exchanges
because we are most practiced at that form of
communication.
But Hancock says it is also crucial
whether a conversation is being recorded and could
be
reread,
and
whether
it
occurs
in
real
time.
People
appear
to
be
afraid
to
lie
when
they
know the communication could later be
used to hold them to account, he says. This is why
fewer lies appear in email than on the
phone.
People
are
also
more
likely
to
lie
in
real
time
—
in
a
instant
message
or
phone
call,
say
—
than if they
have time to think of a response, says Hancock. He
found many lies are
spontaneous
(
脱口而出的
)
responses
to
an
unexpected demand,
such
as:
“Do
you
like
my
dress?”
Hancock
hopes
his
research
will
help
companies
work
out
the
best
ways
for
their
employees
to
communicate.
For
instance,
the
phone
might
be
the
best
medium
for
sales
where
employees are encouraged to stretch the truth.
But, given his result, work assessment
where honesty is a priority, might be
best done using email.
46.
Hancock’s study focuses on
__________.
[A] the
consequences of lying in various communications
media
[B] the success of communications
technologies in conveying ideas
[C]
people are less likely to lie in instant messages
[D] people
’
s
honesty levels across a range of communications
media
47
. Hancock’s research
finding surprised those who believed that
__________.
[A] people are
less likely to lie in instant messages
[B] people are unlikely to lie in face-
to-face interactions
[C] people are
most likely to lie in email communication