铝塑口腔专业英语复习题.doc

口腔专业英语考试

一英汉互译

（

20

分）

1

牙槽骨

2

local anesthesia

3

caries

4

根尖感染

5

gingivitis

6

pericoronitis

7

髓角

8

颍颌关节

9 leukoplakia

10

骨结合

11

fibroosseous integration

12

根管治疗

13

菌斑

14 ding-induced gingivitis

15

咬合

16

osteomyelitis of the jaws

17

ameloblastoma

18

palpation

19

汞合金

20

可复性牙髓炎

< br>二阅读理解

（

40

分）

A Gay Biologist

Molecular biologist Dean Hammer has blue eyes, light brown hair and a good sense of humor. He

smokes cigarettes, spends long hours in an old laboratory at the US National Institute of Health, and in

his free time climbs up cliffs and points his skis down steep slopes. He also happens to be openly,

matter-of-factly gay.

What is it that makes Hammer who he is? What,

for

that matter, accounts for the talents and traits

that make up anyone^ personality? Hammer is not content merely to ask such questions; he is trying to

answer them as well. A pioneer in the field of molecular psychology, Hammer is exploring the role

genes play in governing the very core of our individuality. To a remarkable extent, his work on what

might be called the gay, thrill-seeking and quit-smoking genes reflects how own genetic predispositions.

That work, which has appeared mostly in scientific journals, has been gathered into an accessible

and quite readable form in Hammer's creative new book, living with Our Genes.

M

You have about as

much choice in some aspect of your personality.

M

Hammer and co- author Peter Copeland write in the

introductory chapter,

H

As you do in the shape of your nose or the size of your feet.

Until recently, research into behavioral genetics was dominated by psychiatrists and psychologists,

who based their most compelling conclusions about the importance of genes on studies of identical

twins. For example, psychologist Michael Bailey of Northwestern University famously demonstrated

that if one identical twin is gay, there is about a 50% likelihood that the other will be too. Seven years

ago, Hammer picked up where the twin studies left off

，

homing in on specific strips of DNA that

appear to influence everything from mood to sexual orientation.

?

Hammer switched to behavioral genetics from basic research, after receiving his doctorate from

Harvard, he spent more than a decade studying the biochemistry of a protein that cells use to metabolize

heavy metals like copper and zinc

?

As he was about to turn 40, however, Hammer suddenly realized

he had learned as much about the protein as he cared to.

」

was bored,

H

he remembers,

n

and ready for something new.

H

Homosexual behavior, in particular, seemed ripe for exploration because tew scientists had dared

tackle such an emotionally and politically charged subject.

M

rm gay,

that was not a major motivation. It was more of a question of intellectual curiosity-and the fact that no

one else was doing this sort of research

1.

The first paragraph describes Hammer's (

A.

looks, hobbies and character

B.

viewpoim on homosexuality

C.

unique life- style

D.

scientific research work

2.

Hammer was a (

A.

psychiatrist

B.

physiologist

C.

chemist

D.

biologist

3.

What is Hammer doing now?(

)

A.

He is exploring the role of genes in deciding one's intelligence

?

B.

He is exploring the role of genes in deciding one's personality.

C.

He is writing a book entitled

H

D

?

He is ttying to answer some questions on a test paper.

4.

What happened to Hammers research interest?(

A.

He turned to basic research.

B.

He sticked to basic research.

C

?

He turned to behaviond genetics

?

D.

He sticked to behavioral genetics

?

5.

According to Hammer, what was one of the main reasons tor him to choose homosexual

behavior as his research subject? (

)

A.

He is a gay and he wants to cure himself.

B.

He was curious about it as a scientist

?

C.

He was curious about it like everyone else.

D.

It is a subject that can lead to political success

?

)

)

)

Silent and Deadly

Transient ischemic attacks (TIAS)

、

or mini-strokes, result from temporary interruptions of blood

flow to the brain. Unlike full strokes, they present symptoms lasting anywhere from a few seconds to 24

hours. Rarely do they cause permanent neurological damage, but they are often precursors of a m^ijor

stroke.

H

Our message is quite clear/

1

says Dr. Robert Adams, professor of neurology at the Medical

College of Georgia in August. 'TIAS, while less severe than strokes in the short term, are quite

dangerous and need a quick diagnosis and treatment as well as appropriate follow-up to prevent future

injury.

M

Unfortunately, mini-strokes are greatly under diagnosed

?

A study conducted for the National

Stroke Association indicates that 2.5% of all adults aged 18 or older (about 4.9 million people in the U

?

S

?

)have experienced a confirmed TI A. An additional 1.2 million Americans over the age of 45, the

study showed, have most likely suffered a mini-stroke without realizing it. These findings suggest that if

the

public

knew

how

to

spot

the

symptoms

of

stroke,

especially

mini-strokes,

and

sought

prompt

medical treatment, thousands of lives could be saved and major disability could be avoided.

The problem is that the symptoms of a mini-stroke are often subtle and passing. Nonetheless,

there are signs you can look out for:

*Numbness or weakness in the face, arm or leg, especially on one side of the body.

*

Trouble seeing in one or both eyes

?

*

Confusion and difficulty speaking or understandin g.

*

Difficulty walking, dizziness or loss of coordi nalion.

*

Severe headache with no known cause.

Along with these symptoms, researchers have identified some key indicators that increase your

chances of having a full-blown stroke after a TIA: if you re over 60, have experienced symptoms lasting

longer than 10 minutes, feel weak and have a history of diabetes.

As

with

many

diseases,

you

can

help

yourself

by

changing

your

lifestyle.

The

first

things

you

should

do

are

quit

smoking,

limit

your

intake

of

alcohol

to

no

more

than

a

drink

or

two

a

day

and

increase your physical activity. Even those who suffer from high blood pressure or diabetes can improve

their odds-and minimize complications if they do have a stroke-by keeping their illness under control.

If you experience any of the symptoms, your first call should be to your doctor. It could be the call

that saves your life.

6.

Which of the following is NOT true of mini-strokes?(

A.

The cause of them remains unidentified.

B.

They seldom cause peiTnanent neurological damage.

C

?

They symptoms of them are often passing.

D

?

They are not unrelated to major strokes.

7.

To prevent mini-strokes from turning into major strokes, it is important to (

A

?

saves thousands of lives.

B. avoids major disability.

C

?

seeks prompt medical treatment.

D. prevents future injury.

& The passage indicates that the symptoms of mini-strokes (

A.

are always easy to spot.

B.

are frequently hard to recognize.

C

?

usually last a couple of days.

D. can by no means be avoided

?

)

)

)