奏鸣-brut
Unit Two Text A Why They Excel
Teaching Objectives
the key words, Phrases and
structure.
the skills of
writing and reading in this unit.
phenomenon----- causes--------
suggestions.
3. Grammar
Focus (The emphatic form It be---that/ who---)
Warm-up
Questions
1).What do you
know about some successful Chinese Americans in
the United States?
Name
some of them.
2).What are
prestigious universities in the USA?
Summary of questions:
Organization
This
passage
can
be
divided
in
to
3
parts
and
it’s
written
in
the
structure
―Phenomenon—
Causes
—Suggestions‖.
Part I (Para 1-4): A
phenomenon drawn from the experience of Kim-Chin
Trinh
In this
part, the author tells us the story of a
Vietnamese girl, who made her efforts and has done
successfully in America, to show that
Asian-Americans perform well in their studies.
Part II (Paragraphs 5-14):
causes: This part is the most important part of
the passage. It raises a
question: Why
are Asian-Americans doing so well?(1 experiment
and 3 causes)
1.(Para5-
9):Harold
W.
Stevenson’s
experiment
indicates
some
possibilities:(
Asian-Americans are only grinds. 2.
They have higher IQs.)answer: Asian-American
students are
not smarter, the key to
their success is hardworking;
2.(Para 10-14): analysis why they are
working so hard in details; There are three main
causes to
Asian students’ outstanding
performance.
1).The belief in hard work
2). Working for the honor
of the family
3).The close
tie between parents and children
Part
III
(Paragraphs
15-19):
Suggestions:
Stevenson
offered
three
recommendations.
What
can
we learn from them?
1. (Para 15-18)
point out Americans can learn something useful
from the Asians( 3 suggestions)
1).To start with, we need to set higher
standards for our kids
2).Second, American parents need to be
more committed to their children’s
education
3).And
third, our school could be reorganized in simple
but effective ways
2:(Para.19) echo: A final touch: Asians
are not smarter than Americans; they just work
harder.
Words &
Expressions checkup
1.
Excel vi.
~ at / in sth do
or be better than
出色的；胜过他人
He excelled all of us in/at
tennis and soon became team captain.
他比我们网球都打得很快成为队长。
I’ve never excelled in/at diving,
though I’ve always been a good swimmer.
我跳水不擅长，可我游泳一直都很出色。
She excels as a teacher of
dancing.
她是一位优秀的舞蹈老师。
I didn’t excel academically
so I left school as soon as I had the
chance.
我学业不佳，所以一有机会我就离开了学校。
2. passage n.
(cost of a ticket for) a journey by ship or plane
from one place to another
Oliver had booked a passage to London.
奥利弗已经定好了去伦敦的票。
He is too poor to afford the passage
and so he will have to work his passage buy doing
jobs on
the ship.
他太穷买不起船票，所以
只得通过在船上干活来补偿。
He
is too poor to afford a passage home.
3. sacrifice: v. ~ sth to
/for sth
牺牲，把?奉献给?
She sacrificed her career
to marry him.
He sacrificed
his life to save the drowning child.
She has sacrificed her pleasure to her
child’s study.
n.
1.
供品，祭品
kill a
sheep as a ~
2.
献身，舍身，牺牲行为
His parents made many sacrifices so
that his son could go to university.
He became a top sportsman at some ~ to
himself.
4. risk: n.
风险，冒险，危险
Is there any risk of the bomb
exploding?
You
should not underestimate the risk of the plan.
He saved the child at risk
to his own life.
We can’t
run the risk of
losing all that money.
You can’t get rich without taking
risks.
5. Safety n. a place where
one is safe form a particular danger.
安全地点；安全地带
The firefighters were busy helping
survivors to safety.
消防员们忙着救助幸存者转移到安全地带。
They swim to the safety of
an island.
他们游到了一个安全的小岛上。
The children were led to a
place of safety.
孩子们被带到一个安全的地方。
Measures must be taken to insure
traffic safety.
必须采取措施保证交通安全。
They ran to safety, away from the fire.
6. Foster adj
ing parental care although not related legally or
by blood
收养的；寄养的
foster
parents
养父母
a foster home
寄养的家庭
foster
care
寄养服务
With
a
home
full
of
foster
children
she
was
always
busy.
她家里收养
了许多孩子所以总是很
忙。
She decided to foster the abandoned
child despite her difficulties in her life.
vt. Look after as
one
’
s own for a certain
period without taking on lawful duty
收养；照料
We fostered the young girl while her
mother was in hospital.
小女孩的母亲住院期间由我们来照料她。
When they are fostered,
boys have more behavior problem than girls.
男孩在抚养期间比女孩有更多的行为问题。
C
：
ado
pt
：
vt
收养，过继（有法律手续）采纳，正式通过
Teenagers who discover they
were adopted often search for their biological
parents when they
are old enough.
发现自己是收养的孩子的青少年往往会在年长之时寻找生身父母。
Many childless couples
adopt homeless orphans.
许多无子女夫妇收养无家可归的孤儿。
They adopted
our methods.
他们采用了我们的办法。
adopt a resolution
unanimously
全体一致通过决议
The resolution was adopted
by a vote of 180 in favor to 10 against it.
议案以一百八十票对十票获得通过。
7. Straight
adj. continuous, unbroken
连续的；不间断的
We lost six straight games.
我们连输了六场比赛。
Our team has had five straight wins
this summer.
今年夏天我们队连赢六场。
Go straight down the road
and then turn left.
沿着这条路一直走
,
然后左转。
8. motivate: vt. provide
with a strong need
，
purpose or reason for doing sth.
给与动机
,
促动
,
激发
This
murder was motivated by hatred.
There is little to ~ these kids to work
hard at school.
motivation: n.
动力
His parents give him so much money that
he’s got no ~ to get a job.
9. constitute: vt. (fml)
make up or form (a whole);
形成，构成
Twelve months constitute a year.
The committee is
constituted of members of all three parties.
10. Stereotype
n.
固定形式；老套
Today we know that each
immigrant
’
s worth is best
judged by his or her personal qualities and
skills, not by group stereotypes.
我们现在知道判断每个移民的价值的最佳方法是通过他个人
的素质和技能而
不是陈旧的老框框。
She
does not fit the stereotype of a woman who spends
all her time with her children.
她不属于那一类把自己所有的时间都花在孩子身上的女人。
11. Values n. (pl.)
价值观，准则
,
标准
One way to judge a society is to
consider its
values.
考量价值观是一种判断社会的途径。
Values are continually
shaping reactions of individuals to
their own and others’
behavior.
价值观不断形成个人对自己与他人行为的反应。
12.
Treasure vt. regard as valuable; keep as precious
珍爱；珍惜；珍藏
She treasures that doll more than other
toys.
她喜欢那个玩具娃娃胜过其它任何玩具。
The pen that my grandfather
gave me is one of my most treasured possessions.
祖父送我的钢笔是我最珍贵的收藏之一。
Staying with a host family
in Britain was one of the memories that these
Chinese student would
treasure.
与英国家庭住在一起的生活是这些中国学生珍藏的记忆之一。
13. Misplace
vt. lose (sth.) temporarily by forgetting where
one has put it
暂时丢弃
I have misplaced my
umbrella.
我把雨伞放错了地方。
Mr. Smith used to misplace
his keys that his secretary had to carry spare
ones for him.
史
密斯先生常常把钥匙丢得不知去向，所以秘书不得不给他带上备用的钥匙。
Grandfather used to
misplace his glasses.
我的祖父从前总是把眼镜乱放
,
经常找不到。
His trust was not
misplaced.
他没有信错人。
14. Resent vt.
feel angry at bitter at (usu. doing sth.)
对?表示愤恨
The little boy resents being called a
fool by his friends.
小男孩痛恨朋友们叫他蠢货。
He resented being kept waiting.
他讨厌等待别人。
The older brother resented his younger
sister’s success, claiming she
was just
lucky.
哥哥嫉妒妹妹的成功，说她不过是运气好而已。
15. Label vt.
put into a particular kind or class; describe as
把?称为；
把?列为，
把
..
标签为
His enemies labeled him a
thief.
敌人们称他为贼。
He was labeled (as) a conservative
/snob.
他被列为保守派
/
势利
小人。
We labeled
the box before we sent it by train.
在送上
火车前
,
我们给箱子贴上了标签。
These people
are often labeled as `work-shy'.
这些人常被归
入
`
怕工作
'
的一类。
The boy was labeled a troublemaker.
这男孩被人称作捣蛋鬼
The doctor labeled the bottle
poisonous.
His rival
labeled him a cream puff.
对手将他描述为奶油小生。
16. exclude: vt. ~ sb / sth from sth
1.
驱除，赶出
2.
拒绝；排除，排斥；把?除外。
Women are often excluded
from positions of authority.
All air must be excluded from the
bottle if the experiment is to work.
The police have excluded robbery as a
motive for the murder.
We
must not exclude the possibility that the child
has run away.
That price
excluded accommodation.
exclusive: adj. ~ of sb / sth
排除在外的，不包含的
The ship has a crew of 57 ~ of
officers.
The price of the
holiday is ~ of accommodation.
exclusively: adv.
专门地，特供地
This special offer has been exclusively
designed for readers of this magazine.
这一特价优惠是
专为本杂志读者提供的。
17. Counterpart
n.
对应的人或物；对方
/
手
The prime minister
met his European counterpart last week.
上周首相会见了欧洲首相。
The English merchant bank and its
American counterpart, the wall street investment
bank
英国商业银行和它的美国同行，华尔街投资银行
The sales director phoned
her counterpart in the other firm.
the Foreign Minister and his French
counterpart.
The two cars
are exact counterparts in make, model and color.
两辆车的式样、型号和颜色完全一样。
The
U.S.
Congress
is
the
counterpart
of
the
British
Parliament.
美国的国会相当于英国的议
会。
18. Converge
vi. (Tend to) become similar or identical
回合；集中
Their ideas seem to be
converging.
他们的主张似乎在统一。
Our previously opposed
views are beginning to converge.
我们原先反对的观点开始趋同。
The two armies converged on the enemy
capital for the last battle of the war.
两军聚集在敌方首都
,
准备一决胜负。
19. the bottom line: the
deciding or crucial factor; the essential
point
决定或关键性的因素
The bottom line is that we need another
ten thousand dollars to complete the project.
关键是我们再需要一万美元才能完成这项工程。
Skip the details and give
the bottom line.
跳过细节，给出重要的方面。
20. Imbue vt. fill
?
with
?
(a feeling, idea, etc.)
灌输
,
使蒙受；鼓吹；灌注
< br>
Churchill
imbued
Englishmen
with
enormous
pat
riotism.
丘吉尔给英国人灌输大量的爱国精
神。
He was able to
imbue even the friendliest words with a tone of
biting criticism.
他可以用最辛辣的讽刺语调向人们传达最友好的语句。
A president should be
imbued with a sense of responsibility for the
nation.
She tries to imbue
her husband with a sense of responsibility.
She tries to imbue her
children with sympathy.
21. contrast: n. by/ in contrast on the
other hand
对比，对照，对比之下
He had almost failed the
exam, but his sister, by
～
,
had done very well.
他几乎没考及格，可相比之下，他妹妹却靠得很好。
Their economy has expanded
enormously in the last five years whereas our, by
～
, has declined.
过去的五年，他们的经济急剧膨胀；而相比之下我们的经济却下降了。
< br>
in contrast with/to: (
和?
)
成很好的对照
In ~ with/to your belief
that we will fail, I am confident that we will
succeed.
s
conj. while at
the same time; while on the contrary
然而<
/p>
,
但是，尽管
The elephant weighs about 3,600 kg. The
blue whale weighs up to 130,000 kg.
=Whereas the elephant
weighs about 3,600 kg, the blue whale weighs up to
130,000 kg.
Whereas
Confucianism emphasizes family ties, Protestantism
teaches individual responsibility.
23. Orientate: vt. & vi.
(1) place a building so as to face
east
向东方
Orient
adj
东方的
(2)
To orient:
定?的方位
,
使定向
He stood for a moment, orientating
himself exactly in the light of his knowledge.
他站了一会儿，将脑力调整到最合适的状态
.
à
Orientation: n.
orientating or being oriented
方向
;
方位
;
倾向性
[C]
The school has an
orientation towards practical skills.
该校侧重培养实用技能。
适应
;
熟悉
;(
对新生的
)
情况介绍
[U][C]
I
needed some orientation at this stage.
我在这个阶段需要熟悉情况。
24. Tie n/v. bond, a
connection
联系；关系
the tie between mother and child
母子之间的纽带
I no longer feel any ties with my
hometown.
我感觉到与家乡不再有任何关系。
We have established trade
ties with these regions.
我们和这些地区建立了贸易关系。
25. Transplant vt.
移植
,
移种
,
移民
,
迁移
Tea was transplanted from
China to India and
Ceylon.
茶叶是从中国移植到印度和锡兰的。
These plants should be
grown indoors until spring, when they can be
transplanted outside.
这些植物应
该先在室内养着，然后等到春天的时候才可以被移植到户外。
Doctors hope to transplant an
artificial heart into the patient within the next
few days.
医生希望在随后几天就能把人工心脏移植到病人的体内。
26.
Understanding adj. showing to tolerance or
sympathy
谅解的；理解的
My father is understanding and helpful.
我父亲善于理解和帮助他人。
He gave me an understanding smile.
他给我一个理解的微笑。
My friend is a very understanding
person.
我的朋友是一个非常通情达理的人。
n. [U] 1.
了解
;
理解
;
领会
;
认识
I doubt whether he had any real
understanding of Shakespeare.
我怀疑他是否真正理解莎士比亚的作品。
The problem is
beyond my understanding.
这个问题我无法理解。
2.
谅解
;
协议
;
共议
We came to an understanding
after the argument.
经过争辩以后
,<
/p>
我们达成了谅解。
27. Span n. the
length of time between two dates or
events
跨度
,
跨距
,
范围
life
span
寿命
memory
span
记忆力保持时间
; span of
knowledge
知识面
industrial
potential
工业潜力
acting
potential
表演潜力
potential
customer
潜在的顾客
potential
resources
潜在的资源
These experiments are designed to test
memory span.
这些试验用来测试记忆的周期。
That
child
’
s attention span is
poor
－
he can only listen to
the teacher for a few seconds at a time.
那个孩子的注意力很差，他一次只能听老师讲几分钟。
Over a short span of three
years a surprising amount has been achieved.
在短短三年时间里
,
已经取得了惊人的成绩。
28. Potential n. talents
and abilities that are not present but maybe
developed yet
潜能；潜力
industrial potential;
工业的潜力
The boy has acting potential, but he
needs training.
这个男生有演戏的潜能，可需要训练。
Has this woman got
executive potential?
这个女人有管理的潜能吗？
adj:
潜在的
< br>,
可能的
potential
customer;
potential resources
The dispute has scared away potential
investors.
这一争端吓走了潜在的投资者
Phrases and
expressions
1.
In hopes/in the
hope(that) /hoping(that)
希望?
We are in hopes that the
cake would be good to eat.
我们希望会好吃一些。
He showed me a picture of the missing
girl in hopes I might recognize her.
他给我看一张丢失的女孩的照片，希望我能认出她。
We left the house early in
the hope of avoiding traffic jams.
我们早早地离了家期望避开交通阻塞。
Mother gave the cake to my
sister in hopes / in the hope that she’d stop
crying.
2. Run out : come to an end; be used up
用完；结束
The car ran out of gas three miles from
town.
轿车出了城三英里就没油了。
If coal reserves run out,
the situation will become critical.
如果煤用完，情况将很危急。
After three minutes his time can ran
out on the telephone call.
3. Make it(to somewhere) succeed in
getting somewhere
成功到达某地；成功得到某物
Despite the heavy rain, she made it to
the airport just in time to catch her plane.
尽管雨下得很大，她还是及时到达机场赶上了飞机。
Do you think you will be
able to make it to the party?
你觉得能来参加聚会吗？
After failing the exams three times,
jack realized that he would never make it in
accounting.
考试三次失败后，杰克意识到他永远也学不好会计学了。
He really seems to have
made it: a car, a big house, a good job, a
beautiful wife and two children.
他似乎真的很成
功：有车，有房，有份好工作，以及漂亮的老婆和两个孩子。
Will you be able to make it
to the meeting on time?
你能准时来参加会议吗？
4. Cope with:
manage successful; be able to deal with (
善于
)
应付、处理
cope with the water
shortage/ his rival / the budget deficit
Poor families have to cope
with a lot of problems.
贫穷的家庭必须应付许多问题。
Jean felt unable to cope with driving
in heavy traffic after her accident.
自从发生事故之后，珍妮感到无法在交通繁忙的时候驾驶。
5.
Owe
?
to
1.
应感激
,
应该把?归功于
I owe it to my friends that I have been
able to finish this work.
I
owe my knowledge of music to my mother.
We owe our success to our
parents and teachers.
They
owed their riches to oil.
有了石油才有他们的财富。
She owes her good health to diet and
exercise.
她的健康归功于饮食和锻炼。
He owes his success to his
hard work.
他认为自己取得成功是辛勤劳动的结果。
2. ~ sth to sb for sth: be
in debt to sb for sth
欠
He still owes us for the
goods he received last month.
He owes his father50 to his father.
6. a wave of:
an unusually large number
of
大量的
a wave of new arrivals
大队的新来者
The country was swept by a wave of
terrorism.
一波恐怖主义破坏席卷全国。
The statement has started a
wave of protests.
此声明已经引起了一波抗议浪潮。
a wave of
buying
大批量的购买
A wave of anger swept over him.
他心头涌起一股怒潮。
7. a battery of: a series
of
；
a large number of t
一系列
I
found a battery of questions.
Batteries of cameras were set to record
every phase of the solar/lunar eclipse
日
/
月蚀
.
A battery of experts failed
to discover the cause of the accident.
众多专家都没能发现事故原因所在。
A battery of government officials were
on hand
在场
to defend the
president
’
s action
8. Show up
(cause sth. to) be easily seen (
使
)
清楚可见
The cracks in the wall show up in the
sunlight.
墙上的裂纹在日光下清楚可见。
White shows up well against
blue.
白色与蓝色相互映衬。
This test shows up your weakness in
arithmetic.
考试暴露了你算术上的弱点。
9. Get
ahead
：
be
successful
获得成功；出头
I bought a book recently
entitled ―How to Get Ahead in
Business‖.
我最近买了一本叫做“如何成功经商”的书。
It takes hard work to get
ahead in what you
do.
要取得成功就要努力工作。
She wants to get ahead in her
job.
她想要取得工作上的成功。
10. Have what it takes:
have the right qualities or skills for success
具备取得成功的必要条件
Do
you
have
what
it
takes
to
become
a
business
executive?
你具备成为企业管理者的条件
吗？
I don’t think Rebecca has
what it takes to be a ballet dancer.
我认为丽贝卡不具备成为芭蕾舞演员的条件。
Do you have what it takes
to become a general manager?
11. Spring from have
one
’
s origin in; result from
发源于；来自
Her doubts spring from too much
experience of failure.
怀疑来自太多失败的经历。
His rude behavior springs from
selfishness.
他的粗鲁源于自私。
What unhappiness can spring
from the love of
money!
对钱的贪婪是不快乐的根源。
Her unhappiness springs
from her pursuit of fame and wealth.
12.
Can
’
t wait for sth./to do
very excited about and eager for
迫不及待；等不及
All of the kids
can
’
t wait for the holidays
to begin.
孩子们都迫不及待地等着放假。
He
couldn
’
t wait to tell the
good news to his
parents.
他迫不及待想要把这好消息告诉父母。
Difficult
Language Points
1.
Kim-Chi Trinh was just nine when her
father used his savings to buy a passage for her
on a fishing boat that
would carry her from Vietnam.
(para 1)
paraphrase--- to pay the cost of her
journey on a fishing boat