troika-参议
成语习语谚语
(
一
)
直译法：
1
、
声东击西
shout in the east and
strike in the west
2
、
刻骨铭心
be engraved on
one
’
s heart and bones
3
、
狗仗人势
be like a dog counting
on its master
’
s backing
4
、
呼风唤雨
summon wind and rain
5
、
口蜜腹剑
be honey-mouthed and
dagger-hearted
6
、
屡教不改
fail to mend
one
’
s ways after repeated
admonition
7
、
如鱼得水
feel just like a fish in
water
8
、
草木皆兵
every bush and tree
looks like an enemy
9
、
冰清玉洁
be pure like jade and
clear like ice
10
、
指鹿为马
call a stag a horse
小题大做
make a
mountain out of a molehill
赴汤蹈火
go through fire and
water
洗心革面
turn over a new
leaf
七颠八倒
at sixes and sevens
横行霸道
throw
one
’
s weight about
大发雷霆
blow
one
’
s top
过河拆桥
kick down the ladder
乳臭未干
be wet
behind the ears
格格不入
be like square pegs in round holes
魂不附体
jump out of
one
’
s skin
左右为难
between the devil and
the deep sea
进退维谷
stick in
the mud
骑虎难下
between the
horns of a dilemma
(
二
)
意译法翻译
1
、虚怀若谷
be very
modest and extremely open-minded
2
、如虎添翼
with might
redoubled
3
、冷若冰霜
be cold in
manner
4
、唇枪舌战
heated verbal exchange or debate
5
、瓮中之鳖
be hopeless
like a rat in a hole
6
、南柯一梦
illusory
joy; fond dream
7
、噤若寒蝉
keep quiet
out of fear
8
、指腹为婚
the two had
been engaged to each other before they were born
9
、杯弓蛇影
extremely
suspicious
10
、背井离乡
leave
one
’
s native place against
one
’
s will
竭泽而渔
to drain a
pond to catch all the fish (to kill the goose that
lays the
golden eggs)
打草惊蛇
to stir up
the grass and alert the snake (wake a sleeping
dog)
易如反掌
to be
as easy as turning over
one
’
s hand (as easy as
falling off a
log)
玩火自焚
to
get
burnt
by
the
fire
kindled
by
oneself
(
fry
in
one
’
s
own
grease)
声东击西
to shout in
the east and strike in the west
刻骨铭心
to be
engraved on one
’
s heart and
bones
井底之蛙
to be
like a frog at the bottom of a well
调虎离山
to lure the
tiger from the mountain
口蜜腹剑
to be honey-mouthed and dagger-hearted
劳苦功高
to have
spent toilsome labor and won distinctive merits
屡教不改
to fail to
mend one
’
s ways after
repeated admonition
牢不可破
to be so strongly built as to be
indestructible
攻其不备
to strike sb when he is unprepared
史无前例
to be
without precedent in history
根据实际意义灵活翻译：
粗枝大叶
to be crude
and careless
无孔不入
to take advantage of every weakness
扬眉吐气
to feel
proud and elated
灯红酒绿
dissipated and luxurious
纸醉金迷
(a life of )
luxury and dissipation
开门见山
to come straight to the point
单枪匹马
to be
single-handed in doing sth
大张旗鼓
on a large
and spectacular scale
海阔天空
(to talk) at random
风雨飘摇
(of a
situation) being unstable
绕开文化
背景，译出真正内涵：
毛遂自荐
to volunteer
one
’
s service
叶公好龙
professed
love of what one really fears
南柯一梦
a fond dream
or illusory joy
四面楚歌
to be besieged on all sides
锱铢必较
to haggle
over every penny
罄竹难书
(of crimes) too numerous to mention
初出茅庐
at the
beginning of one
’
s career
倾城倾国
to be
exceedingly beautiful
悬梁刺股
to be extremely hard-working in
one
’
s study
用英语成语译：
小题大做
make a
mountain out of a molehill
赴汤蹈火
go through
fire and water
洗心革面
turn over a new leaf
七颠八倒
at sixes and
sevens
横行霸道
throw one
’
s
weight about
大发雷霆
blow one
’
s top
过河拆桥
kick down
the ladder
乳臭未干
be wet behind the ears
格格不入
be like
square pegs in round holes
魂不附体
jump out of
one
’
s skin
敷衍搪塞
give a lick
and a promise
偃旗息鼓
bury the
hatchet
胸有成竹
to have a well-
thought-out plan before doing sth
兔死狐悲
foxes will grieve at the
death of the hare
引狼入室
to
bring the wolves into the horse
调虎离山
to lure the tiger out of
the hills
狐假虎威
a fox
borrowing a tiger
’
s
fierceness
走马观花
to ride out
on horseback to enjoy flowers
风驰电掣
swift as the wind and
quick as lighting
如坐针毡
to
feel as if sitting on a cushion filled with
needles
对牛弹琴
to play the lute
to a cow
守株待兔
to watch the
stump and wait for a hare
瓮中捉鳖
to catch a turtle in a
jug
竭泽而渔
to drain the pond to
catch all the fish
打草惊蛇
to
beat the grass and startle the snake
易如反掌
to be as easy as turning
over one
’
s hand
家徒四壁
have nothing but the
bare four walls in one
’
s
house
挥金如土
to throw money
about like dirt
掌上明珠
a pearl
in the palm
如鱼得水
to be like a
fish getting into water
骨瘦如柴
to be as thin as sticks
雪中送炭
to send charcoal in
snowy weather
画蛇添足
to draw a
snake and add feet to it
眉飞色舞
to beam with joy
粗枝大叶
to be crude and careless
无孔不入
to take advantage of
every weakness
扬眉吐气
to feel
proud and elated
灯红酒绿
dissipated and luxurious
纸醉金迷
luxury and dissipation
开门见山
to come straight to the
point
单枪匹马
to be single-
handed in doing sth
大张旗鼓
on a
large and spectacular scale
海阔天空
at random
风雨飘摇
being unstable
(
三
)
对等译法翻译
1
、顺水推舟
sail
with the wind
2
、一丘之貉
birth of a
feather
3
、七上八下
at
sixes and sevens
4
、大风雷霆
hit the
ceiling
5
、非驴非马
neither
fish, flesh nor fowl
6
、日暮途穷
at the end
of one
’
s rope
7
、毛骨悚然
make
one
’
s hair stand on end
8
、本末倒置
put the
cart before the horse
9
、改弦易辙
dance to
another tune
10
、画蛇添足
paint the
lily
（四）历史故事翻译
1
、完璧归赵
return
something to its owner in good condition
2
、三顾茅庐
repeatedly
request somebody to take up a respons
ible post
3
、负荆请罪
offer a
humble apology
4
、纸上谈兵
be an
armchair strategist
5
、指鹿为马
deliberately misrepresent
6
、沉鱼落雁
be
exceedingly beautiful
7
、老骥伏枥
able men
tied down to a routine post
8
、画龙点睛
add the
touch that brings a work of art to life
9
、洛阳纸贵
overwhelming
popularity of a new book
10
、入木三分
with
bitter incisiveness
毛遂自荐
to
volunteer one
’
s service
叶公好龙
professed love of what
one really fears
东施效颦
crude
imitation with ludicrous effect
南柯一梦
a fond dream or illusory
joy
四面楚歌
to be besieged on
all sides
锱铢必较
to haggle over
every penny
罄竹难书
too numerous
to mention
初出茅庐
at the
beginning of one
’
s career
倾国倾城
to be exceedingly
beautiful
悬梁刺股
to be
extremely hard-working in
one
’
s study
（五）寓言故事翻译
1
、
拔苗助长
pull up the rice
shoots with the intention of helping them to grow
2
、亡羊补牢
lock the
stable door after the horse has bolted
3
、坐井观天
look at the
sky from the bottom of a well
4
、掩耳盗铃
plug
one
’
s ears while stealing a
bell
5
、杀鸡儆猴
kill
the chicken to frighten the monkey
6
、狐假虎威
bully
people by flaunting one
’
s
powerful connections
7
、刻舟求剑
be
stubbornly unimaginative
8
、叶公好龙
professed
love of what one actually fears
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