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英语翻译讲义
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讲义
2010/11/25
王冉
英语翻译课堂讲义
1.
The hospital
expenses made inroads on my savings.
这些住院费耗掉了我的大部分积蓄
2.
They killed a
bottle of kaoliang between them.
他们二人对酌,把一瓶高粱酒喝得一干二净
3.
It would be
one setback too many for him.
他再也经不住什么挫折了
4.
When it came
to reading they were as good as blind.
一拿到书,他们就成了睁眼瞎
5.
Aged had
weakened him. But his mind remind strong.
他虽然年迈体衰,但精神依然很好
6.
We had the
luxury of opinions during the meeting.
我们在会议期间畅所欲言
7.
To fish in
troubled water
浑水摸鱼
To add fuel to the fire
火上浇油
A gentleman
’
s
agreement
君子协议
8.
Blood is
thicker than water
血浓于水
9.
People
ridicule poverty but not prostitute.
人们笑贫不笑娼
10.
Last night, I
heard him driving his pigs to market
昨夜我听见他鼾声如雷
11.
He is being a
good boy now
他现在正乖着呢!
12.
Justice has
long arms
天网恢恢,疏而不漏
13.
Their
languages was almost unrestrained by any motive of
prudence
他们几乎爱讲什么就讲什么
14.
The talk
about raising taxes was
a red flag
to many
voters
令人生气的
事情
15.
Will a duck
swim?
当然喽!
2
英语翻译课堂讲义
16.
She knew I
knew and she knew if she
got
funny
I’d
either
ruin the
romance or made her marry him
, so she was very
friendly.
跟我过不去
17.
Couch potatoes
窝在沙发里的人
18.
They pay lip-
service to education but
don
’
t work for better school
.
他
们口惠而实不至,口口声声支持教育,却又不肯为改善学校
做一些实际工作
作业:
1.
Early Reagan
was a mirror image of early Carte
r
里根刚上台时候的做法
上和执政时期的卡特别无二致
2.
We cannot
exaggerate its importance.
其实重要性无论怎么夸大其词
也
不为过(
cannot
…+
程度,表示无论怎样都不为过)
3.
She was so
angry at her husband that she took it out on her
children.
她因和丈夫生气,就那孩子当出气筒
4.
Language is
shaped by , and shapes ,humans thoughts.
人们的思想形
成了语言,语言有形成了人们的思想
5.
To err is
human and to mend is a
supermemerit.
人非圣贤孰能无过
6.
These people
are really something. They get in with you before
they
can cash in on your innocence.
这些人真有一套,他们先对你来软的,然
后利用你的无知,在你身上打主
意。
英汉词义:
1.
Socialist
market economy.
社会主义市场经济
Intellectual property
right.
知识产权
The
Middle East crisis
中东危机
Trading partners
贸易伙伴
Main board
主板
2.
虚假对应:
3
英语翻译课堂讲义
Sour milk
变质发酸的牛奶
Eat one
‘
s words
承认自己的错话
Go back
on one
’
s
words
食言
Salt
solution
盐水(不是
salt
water
)
Instant
noodles
方便面
Pop-quiz
课堂测试
3.
The (flame of
) war spread
战火扩大
Tough policies
强硬政策
Vicious circle
恶性循环
4.
一对多:
Wear:
The girl wears the slimness of her
mother
这个女孩向他母亲一样苗条
I will wear his love in my
heart
’
s core forever
我将永远把他的爱深藏心底
Challenge:
I
challenge my own conclusion
我重新考虑我的结论
Recent discoveries have challenged
their old notions.
新的发现使他们
对旧的
想法产生怀疑
5.
Living standard
生活水平
Confucianism
儒教
Production
capacity
生产水平
Technical skills
技术水平
Artistic
attainment.
艺术水平
Taoism
道教
Cyber slacker
利用工作时间在公司上网的人
6.
词类比较法:
4
英语翻译课堂讲义
We think that your act is a violation
of the principle of peace talk.
我
们认为你的这一行动违背了和平谈判的原则
In
point of fact, the question of rightness or
wrongness simply does
not enter in the
dispute. (
争论,辩论
)
(谁是谁非)
He directs
a testing center
他是一个实验中心的主任
It is wise of the country to deal with
the delicate problem with care
and calm
ness.
这个国家仔细谨慎地处理这一敏感问题很是理智
Neutrons act differently from
protons.
种子的作用不同于质子
He is eloquent and
elegant.
他有口才有风度
7.
作业:
He proved to be a very good
listener.
他善于听取别人的意见
For all your explanations , I
understand no better than before.
尽管你
做了解释,我还是不懂
Differences between the social systems
of states shall not be an
obstacle to
their approaches and cooperation.
各国社会制度
不同,
但不应该妨碍彼此接近于相互合作
The theory is something but practice is
everything.
理论固然重要,
实
践尤其重要
Rapid evaporation at
the heating-surface tends to make the steam
wet.
加热面上液体的迅速蒸发,往往使蒸汽的湿度变大
< br>
5
英语翻译课堂讲义
Those
small factories are also lavish consumers of mater
ials.
那些小
工厂还消耗着大量的原材料
< br>
[
given
]
prep
考虑到
.a.
规定的
假设的
有癖好的
有倾向的
Eg.1. He is
given to drinking heavily.
他酒瘾很大
2. Given
their
in expiries?
第四讲
增词法
:(主要运用于以下情况)
1.
增加省略的词
2.
增加必要的连接词
The
classroom was full of
activity.
教室里充满了活跃的气氛
Traffic decreases on holidays.
节假日行人车辆较少
Correctness
正确性
dependence
依赖性
arrogance
傲慢态度
Commercialization
商业化
jealousy
嫉妒心理
We
won’t
never
retreat; we never have and never will.
我们决不会退缩,以前没有,将来也不会有
You must change with the
times.
你必须随着时势的转变而转变
One great motherland is flourishing
with each passing day
我们的祖国蒸蒸日上
The
true joy of joys is that joys in the joy of others
与人同乐才是真乐
The
blood-red sun sank below the horizon
火红的太阳沉入地平线
The
house has a very fine situation
这个房子有一个很好的位置
6
英语翻译课堂讲义
I’
m warning you for the last
time.
我最后一次警告你
作业
:(前四个注意使用增词技巧,后四个省略技巧)
1.
That
’
s where we
differ
这就是我们的分歧之所在
2.
He was a
little man with thick glasses.
他个子小,戴着一副
厚厚的眼镜
3.
Born a free
man ,he was now in chains.
他本来是自由人,现
在却带上了镣铐
4.
He could not make a decision about the
dress.
他对买不买衣
服下不了决心
5.
When in Rome
, do as the Romans do.
入乡随俗
6.
He was timid
about investing money.
他不敢投资
7.
The speaker
switched the conversation from one subject to
another.
发言人转变了话题
8.
The
population
in
and
around
San Francisco
is
now
ten
times
more than t was in 190
6.
现今的旧金山市区和郊区的人口已是
1906
年的十倍以上
第五讲:正反转换
一、
英语正说,汉语反说
1.
He
’
s bad at
getting along with his fellows.
2.
One careless,
more loses the whole
game.
一着不慎满盘皆输
3.
It pays to be
honest.
老实人不吃亏
7
英语翻译课堂讲义
4.
We have simply
reached the limited of our patience.
我们简直到了忍无可忍的地步了
5.
My father went
grey when he was in his late thirties.
我父亲不到四十岁就双鬓斑白了
6.
Time is what
we want most , but what , alas , many use
< br>worst.
时间是我们最缺少的,
但可叹之至,
偏偏许多人最不善
于利用时间
7.
He appealed
against the
judge’s
decision
.
他不服法官
判决而上诉
二、
汉语反说,英语正说
Not
?
until
?
直到??才??
Hardly
(scarcely)
?
when
(before)
??刚??就??
.
Cannot
?
too
?再??也不
为过
1.
Words cannot describe the beauty of the
scene.
用语言很难形容这优美的景色
2.
All the
articles are untouchable in the museum.
博物馆内一切展品禁止触摸
3.
You
can
’
t see through the
telescope until it is adjusted
to
your
eyes.
只有把望远镜跳
到适合你的目光,你才能看见东西
4.
Don
’
t lose time
in posting this
letter.
赶快把信寄出去
8
英语翻译课堂讲义
5.
Hardly a month
goes by without traffic accidents occurred
in that
city.
这个城市几乎月月都有交通事故
6.
You
couldn
’
t turn on the TV
without seeing advertisements
一打开电视,你就总会看见广告
7.
Such flight
couldn
’
t long escape notice.
这类飞行迟早总会
被人发现的
三、
同一词语,肯定否定均可
1.
The place is
strange to me.
2.
The station is no distance at all.
3.
It
’
s no less than
a fraud.
这简直是场骗局
4.
The works of
art were left intact , the money
gone.
艺
术品还在,钱没有了
Practice:
1.
正说反译:
a)
The first
bombs missed the
target.
第一批炸弹没有击中目标
b)
I hate to say
good-bye.
我真不想告辞
c)
My father will
kill me when he finds
out.
我把钥匙知道了绝
饶不了我
d)
The
explanation is pretty
thin.
这个解释相当不充分
e)
The newspaper
accounts are far from being
true
报纸的报道
远非事实
9
英语翻译课堂讲义
f)
His mother is
anything but angry.
他妈妈一点也不生气
2.
反说正译
:
a)
The doubt was
still unsolved after his repeated
explanation
虽然他一再解释,疑团仍旧存在
b)
Students, with
no exception, are to hand their papers
this afternoon.
今天下午学生统统要交作业
c)
No
one
but
a
great
philosopher
could
solve
such
a
question.
只有大思想家
才能解决这样的问题
d)
The significance of these incidents
wasn
’
t lost on
us.
这件事引起了我们的重视
e)
You
can
’
t be too
careful.
你要格外小心
f)
You can learn
in on time at all.
你马上就学会了
3.
It was all I
could do not to laugh.
我差点笑出来
He is no child at
poker.
他是打牌老手
Nowadays, few academic lectures of
traditional style rise
above dullness.
当今,多数传统模式的学术讲座都是乏味的
The problem is much
alive.
这个问题远远没有解决
We must be content with moderate hopes.
我们不能抱有过高
的期望
---
“
Can we go
swimming?
”
---I
don
’
t see why
not.
为什么不呢?
10
英语翻译课堂讲义
第六讲:英语名词的译法
1.
Shortly after
the family
’
s more to Lime
Rock, paralysis
disabled
Captain
Lowes.
刘易斯
一家搬到莱姆洛克后不久,刘易
斯中尉就因中纷纷瘫痪
2.
Further delay
would cause us great loses.
我们如果再耽搁,
将会蒙受很大损失
3.
Foresight
now
tells
us
that
travel
to
Mars
is
not
impossible.
如果我们把眼光放长远一点,我们可知将来在火星
上旅行不无可
能
4.
A little
forethought would have saved you much trouble
afternoon.
你如果事先略作打算,后来也不至于有那么多麻烦
、
5.
A
man of less courage would not have dared to work
inside
enemy
headquarters.
p>
如果换一个勇气不足的人,就不敢在敌人心
脏里工作
6.
The
youth
cult
of
the
60s
is
fast
giving
way
to
an
older
and
more settled life style.
60
年代流行的青年至上风气,现在正
在迅速衰退,代之而起的
是一种较为老练,安定的生活方式
7.
Some say fear
and caution are now a part of their daily
< br>routine.
有人说,现在总是提心吊胆的过日子
8.
What they
wanted most was an end of uncertainties.
那是他
们最渴望的是结束这摇摆不定的局面
11
英语翻译课堂讲义
9.
The sight of
his native place called back his
childhood.
见到自己的故乡,他想起了童年的情景
is Tsinghua vintage of 1996.
她是清华
1996
年毕业生
is the day for our two peoples to rise
to the height
of greatness which can
build a new and a better world.
现
在该是我们两国人民为缔造一个崭新的,更加美好的世界而攀登
这一伟大境界高
峰的时候了
is more to their life
than political and social and
economic
problem; more than transient everydayness.
< br>他们的
生活远不止那些政治的,社会的和经济的问题,远不止一时的柴
米油盐的问题
13.
They’d
tell
you!
They
know
every
loophole,
every
back-alley.
他们会告诉你的!他们都知道各种钻空子的办法,各种障眼法及
狡诈方法
is a bright student floundering
because of poor study
habits.
她是个聪明学生,但因为学习习惯不良而学得很吃力
in
Lebanon has become an institution.
在黎巴嫩,
打仗交
货已经司空见惯
professor
’
s scholarly paper
published in the
authoritative paper
has extraordinary depth and solidity.
12
英语翻译课堂讲义
这位教授发表在该权威刊物上的学术论文立意及深,内容特别充
实
Practice:
a)
If the retired
do not have pension big enough to live on,
their
children
in
the
sandwich
generation
will
have
to
bear
the financial burden longer.
退休人员如果没有足够的抚恤金,
他们的子女将面临上有老下有小的双重
b)
He
was
a
paradox
---a loner
who loved
to chat
to
strangers.
他是一个
矛盾人物
---
生性怪癖却又不喜欢和陌生人闲聊
c)
Exotic
pets are the latest status symbol.
养珍禽异兽
是代表
社会地位的最时尚的方式
d)
His industry,
perseverance and determination ultimately
brought him a rich harvest.
他
勤奋刻苦,坚持不懈,锲而不舍
是最终给他带来了丰硕的收获
e)
Pigs are a
gamble this
year.
今年养猪能否盈利,很难说准
家庭作业:
1.
The war was a
paradigm of the evil and destructive side of
human nature.
这场战争充分显示了人性丑恶而又
具有破坏性的
一面
2.
That
hasn
’
t happened in living me
mory.
在世的人都不记得曾
经发生过这样的事
13
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