feed是什么意思2020届上海市闵行区高三英语二模试卷

闵行区

2019

学年度高三英语二模考试

I. Listening Comprehension

Section A

Directions:

In

Section

A,

you

will

hear

ten

short

conversations

between

two

speakers.

At

the

end

of

each

conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken

only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper,

and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.

1.

A. A cook.

B. A dentist.

C. A surgeon.

D. A technician.

2.

A. She’d like to have the windows open.

B. She likes to have the air conditioner on.

C. The air is heavily polluted.

D. The windows are always open.

3.

A. Art attraction.

B. Painting skills.

C. Furniture quality.

D. Room decoration.

4.

A. She appreciates the man’s effort.

B. She does enjoy spicy food.

C. She is annoyed with the man.

D. She doesn’t like the food the man prepared.

5.

A. They can’t fit into the machine.

B. They were sent to the wrong address.

C. They have not been delivered yet.

D. They were found to be of the wrong type.

6.

A. The long waiting time.

B. The broken down computer.

C. The mistakes in her telephone bill.

D. The bad telephone service.

7.

A. Its quality.

B. Its price.

C. Its material.

D. Its appearance.

8.

A. Walk in the countryside.

B. Do some exercise.

C. Go shopping.

D. Wash some dresses.

9.

A. He’s going to visit a photo studio.

B. He’s just had his picture taken.

C. He’s on the way to the theatre.

D. He’s just returned from a job interview.

10.

A. He doesn’t want Jenny to get into trouble.

B. He doesn’t agree with the woman’s remark.

C. He thinks Jenny’s workload too heavy at college.

D. He believes most college students are running wild.

Section B

Directions:

In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked

several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read

twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on

your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.

Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.

11.

A. Attend expert growers’ lecture.

B. Visit fruit- loving families.

C. Plant fruit trees in an

orchard

(

果园

).

D. Taste many kinds of apples.

12.

A. It is a new variety.

B. It is the best variety for eating quality.

C. It is rarely seen now.

D. It needs perfect soil to grow.

13.

A. To show how to grow apples.

B. To introduce an apple festival.

C. To help people select apples.

D. To attract more people to visit Britain.

Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.

14.

A. Lack of sleep could lead to heath problem.

B. Lack of sleep affects adults more than children.

C. Sleeping problems are one of the leading causes of obesity.

D. The amount of sleep people need changes with age.

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15.

A. Less sleep is needed when they enter adolescence.

B. Ideally, they need 8 hours of sleep a night.

C. They may have difficulty in falling asleep before 11:00 pm.

D. They often wake up at midnight due to biological changes.

16.

A. The amount of sleep and academic performance.

B. A comparison of different time to start school.

C. Students’ sleeping time and social behaviors.

D. A beneficial change of school starting time.

Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.

17.

A. Extreme sports.

B. City life.

C. Human’s potential.

D. Danger and safety.

18.

A. They like to stay isolated.

B. They prefer danger to safety.

C. They want to know their potential.

D. They are bored with the traditional ones.

19.

A. Objective.

B. Negative.

C. Positive.

D. Neutral.

20.

A. It is interesting and challenging.

B. It is dangerous and needs no skills.

C. It enables people to face fears.

D. It only stimulates individualism.

II. Grammar and vocabulary

Section A

Directions

: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically

correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other

blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

A Brief History of Chopsticks.

We’ve discussed the story of knife and fork, but there’s another set of utensils (

器皿

) used by billions of people

around the world—and it has a truly ancient past. The Chinese have been using chopsticks since at least 1200 B.C.,

and by A.D. 500 the chopsticks ____21____ (sweep) the Asian continent from Vietnam to Japan. From their humble

beginnings

____22____

cooking

utensils

to

paper-wrapped

bamboo

sets

at

the

sushi

counter,

there’s

more

to

chopsticks than meets the eye.

Chopsticks ____23____ (develop) about 5000 years ago in China. The ____24____ (early)

versions were

probably twigs used to get food from cooking pots. When resources became scare, around 400 BC, crafty chefs

figured out ____25____ to conserve fuel by cutting food into smaller pieces so it would cook more quickly. This

new method of cooking made it unnecessary to have knives at the dinner table—a practice that also matched the

non- violent

teachings

of

Confucius

(

孔子

),

____26____

expressed

in

one

of

his

numerous

quotations:

“the

honorable and upright man keeps well away from both the

slaughterhouse

(

屠宰房

) and the kitchen. And he allows

no knives on his table.” As a vegetarian, Confucius believed that knives’ sharp points evoked (

诱发

)

violence

____27____ (kill) the happy, contented mood that eaters should be in during meals. Thanks in part to

his teachings,

chopstick use quickly became widespread throughout Asia.

Different

cultures

adopted

different

chopstick

styles.

Perhaps

in

a

nod

to

Confucius,

Chinese

chopsticks

featured a blunt rather than pointed end. In Japan, chopsticks were 8 inches long for men and 7 inches long for

women. In 1878 the Japanese became the first ____28____ (create) the disposable set, typically made of bamboo

or wood. Wealthy diners could eat with ivory, jade, coral or brass versions, while the most privileged used silver

sets. It was believed that the silver would turn black ____29____ it came into contact with poisoned food.

Throughout history, chopsticks have enjoyed a symbiotic relationship with another basic food of Asian cuisine:

rice. At first glance, you’d think that rice wouldn’t make the cut, but in Asia most rice is of the short- or medium-

grain variety. The starches (

淀粉质食品

) in these rices create a cooked product that is sticky and clumpy, unlike

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the fluffy and distinct grains of Western long-grain rice. ____30____ chopsticks come together to lift steaming

bundles of sticky rice, it’s a match made in heaven.

Section B

Directions:

Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note

that there is one word more than you need.

A. label

E. implement

I. entry

B. bears

F. guaranteed

J. nationalized

C. burdened

G. presented

K. ground

D. illustrates

H. hit

The “Penny Black”, the first postage stamp issued in Britain and, more importantly,

the first postage stamp issued anywhere, ___31___ the image of Queen Victoria, but the

first

British

postal

service

did

not

originate

in

Victorian

England.

In

1680,

William

Dockwra started a public service that ___32___ the quick delivery of a letter anywhere in

London. His system was quickly ___33___ with Dockwra in charge. It was far from a perfect

system, ___34___ with seemingly improper

charges that made it unreasonably expensive

to send a letter. Worse still, recipients were expected to pay. As you might imagine, this

___35___ some problems — either people weren’t home or flat-out refused to pay. The

system just didn’t work, but it remained in place for far too long.

About 50 years later, to do better, Rowland Hill argued for putting an end to the postal charges and

replacing

them with a single national rate of one penny, which would be paid by the sender.

When the post office ignored Hill’s ideas, he self

-published his essay and it quickly gained

___36___

among

the public. Hill was then ordered by Postmaster General Lord Lichfield to discuss postal reform and, during their

subsequent meeting, the two men conceived of a gluey

___37___

that could be applied to envelopes to indicate

payment. Though it had gained support with the public who

longed for an affordable way to connect with

distant

friends and family, officials still weren’t convinced. Thankfully, H

ill was far from alone in his passion for reform.

He eventually earned enough support from other like-minded individuals to convince Parliament to

___38___

his

system.

In 1839, Hill held a competition to design all the necessary postal facility. The winning stamp

___39___

describing the young Queen’s profile came from one William Wyon, who based the design on a medal he created

to celebrate her first visit to

L

ondon.

The

“Penny

Black”

stamp

went

on

sale

on

May

1,

1840.

It

was

an

immediate

___40___

.

Suddenly,

the

country seemed a lot smaller. The Penny Black’s design was so well received that it remained in use for forty

years.

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions:

For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in

each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

The term “staycation” means vacations that you take at home or near your home rather than traveling to

another

place.

It

is

closely

connected

with

less

pollution,

saving

money

and

not

contributing

to

the

overwhelming disorder that takes place in some of the world’s most touristic

areas.

The concept of staycation was born at the time of the 2008 market

___41___

in the United States. Because

of it, many households were forced to

___42___

their expenses and consequently limit their vacation budget.

The shortage of money to travel abroad is at the origin of why many people started to (re) discover their most

___43___

surroundings.

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At the same time, awareness of the

___44___

impacts of tourism, especially on what concerns the impacts

of transportation, started to increase too. And so did the perception that some of the main cities (abroad) are

increasingly overloaded with people

—

with places such as Barcelona, Venice, or the Seychelles planning on

___45___

a tourist

cap.

Staycation appears like a great solution for the

___46___

above mentioned. It is a great way of spending

joyful

vacations

while

helping

one’s

___47___

and

the

environment.

___48___

,

staying

close

to

home

eliminates the budget for accommodation and

t

ransport.

Apart from the financial

___49___

gained by leaving behind expensive plane tickets or by not booking

hotel rooms that aren’t cheap,

staycation also has the benefit of keeping harmful

___50___

in the ground. Cars,

boats, and planes are not (or are less) used;

___51___

, other means of transport such as public transport, bicycles,

electric scooters or just walking are favored. This allows

people’s

carbon footprints

not to

___52___

as much

as they would if long distances had been traveled.

A staycation is a form of alternative tourism that is fully in line with the slow tourism trend. Slow tourism

invites you to live in the

___53___

moment. It encourages you to take your time, discover nearby landscapes,

reconnect and spend more time outdoors in nature with the people you enjoy. There are no fully-booked days,

and there is no

___54___

to go from one

activity to another just to stay busy all the time.

Given the multiple

___55___

of local tourism, you no longer have a reason to be embarrassed at the coffee

machine at work when you are asked where you are going on vacation this year.

41.

A. value

B. sector

C. crisis

D. shares

42.

A. restrict

B. bear

C. avoid

D. meet

43.

A. cheerful

B. immediate

C. polluted

D. attractive

44.

A. limited

B. financial

C. cultural

D. environmental

45.

A. introducing

B. stopping

C. postponing

D. raising

46.

A. challenges

B. assessment

C. tasks

D. applications

47.

A. voyage

B. mind

C. pocket

D. hometown

48.

A. In addition

B. For example

C. In fact

D. On the contrary

49.

A. services

B. advice

C. resources

D. savings

50.

A. emissions

B. exposure

C. vehicles

D. strategies

51.

A. therefore

B. instead

C. however

D. moreover

52.

A. last

B. fall

C. increase

D. change

53.

A. historic

B. present

C. critical

D. climatic

54.

A. good

B. harm

C. blame

D. rush

55.

A. advantages

B. challenges

C. platforms

D. themes

Section B

Directions:

Read

the

following

three

passages.

Each

passage

is

followed

by

several

questions

or

unfinished

statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according

to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

Brooke Martin’s golden

retriever

(

金毛猎犬

)

Kayla hated being left alone or separated. She would howl,

pace, and chew on things. Brooke learned that other people had the same problem with their pets. She wondered,

“What if you could talk to your dog if you were gone?”

Working with her father in their garage, the 16-year-old came up with several ideas. Finally, she invented a

device that allowed pet owners to video chat with their pets! She calls the device iCPooch. “The dog doesn’t have

to ans

wer the call,” explains Brooke. “It comes up immediately on the screen on their end. It’s a two

-way audio

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and video

—you can see and

hear each other. ” With a click of a button you can even send the dog a

treat!

Her invention has earned her a spot competing against nine other finalists in a young scientist competition for

middle-school

students.

These

finalists,

selected

based

on

their

short

video

presentations,

are

working

with

mentors

over the summer before heading to the final

competition in St. Paul, Minn.

After Martin’s video put her among the 10 finalists in the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge,

she

was

paired

with

Delony

Langer-

Anderson,

a

product

development

scientist

in

3M’s

consumer

health

care

division. “I just lead her

down

the product development path,” Langer

-Anderson told Live Science. This path

includes

guidance

on

how

to

test

the

potential

product,

which

combines

a

video

chat

device

that

answers

immediately on the

dog’s

end with a dog treat device the owner can remotely activate.

“One thing I have thought about a lot is, what happens if the device is on the floor, what if your dog knocks it

over, or scratches the screen?” Martin said. She and Langer

-Anderson discussed this, and Martin is now testing

materials at a local dog shelter by taping them to the dog house floors to see how well they withstand sharp teeth

and

claws.

The finalists create models they can test, with the guidance from a mentor. Their projects include a fuel cell

that transforms cut grass into electricity and an app that rewards drivers for not texting or calling. Langer-

Anderson

tries to help the students work through the scientific

method, testing their

hypothesis

(

假设

), in a determined way,

“so the kids don’t get buried in data,” she

said.

of the following would be the best title of the passage?

A. “iCPooch” wins in a young scientist competition.

B. A 16-year- old girl invents a device for dog hunger.

C. A man-made device lets people chat with their pets.

D. A kid-invented device calm dogs’ separation anxiety.

57.“iCPooch” calms pet dogs by___________.

A. allowing video chat

B. making dogs sleep

C. answering the call

D. giving dogs food

is the probable meaning of the underlined word “mentors”?

A. competitors

B. assistants

C. instructors

D. companions

do the inventions of the finalists have in common?

A. They are all new inventions dealing with pets.

B. They are possible solutions to everyday problems.

C. They cope with the problems related to computers.

D. They are all accomplished through individual work.

(B)

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60.

To promote the Sliver Eagles coin, what is stressed in the ad?

A. The coin is of high quality and worth collecting.

B. The coin can be circulated as a currency.

C. Limited supplies guarantee a stable price of the coin.

D. Demand for the coin is bound to break records.

61.

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A. 230.7

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D. 243.7

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62.

The ad strongly encourages people to purchase the silver coins by _______.

A. shopping online

B. making a phone call

C. lining up in front of the stores

D. writing to the company

(C)

The dream of the flying car could come down to earth soon as several start-ups like Chinese EHANG and

Uber are developing so-called “passenger drones (

无人机

)”—self-flying drones big enough to ferry individual

commuters around town—which could shrink commute (

上下班往返

) times from hours to minutes.

At first glance, human-carrying drones sound no more realistic than flying cars. Until recently inventors had

never been able to marry automobiles and aircraft in a practical way. Yet a few companies have kept at it: Woburn,

for example, has since 2006 been developing Transition, a “roadable aircraft” that resembles a small airplane that

can fold its wings and drive on roads. A personal flying car in every garage has proved to be a tough sell, however,

as there are serious safety concerns about asking the average commuter to train for a pilot’s license and take to the

skies.

Passenger drones, by contrast, would operate

autonomously

(

独立地

) and leave the “roadable” part behind in

favor of larger versions of aircraft that already exist. Passenger drone designs favor “distributed electric

propulsion

(

推进

),” meaning instead of one large rotor powered by a large engine they have multiple propellers each powered

by

its

own,

smaller

motor.

This

sacrifices

lifting

power

and

flight

performance

in

exchange

for

mechanical

simplicity and lighter weight—factors that could make them cheaper to operate. Quieter electric power would make

the noise tolerable to city residents, although it remains to be seen how much weight such a vehicle could lift, and

for how long.

With any of these vehicles, safety is the biggest concern and extends to both the aircraft and the automated

systems flying them. Advanced artificial intelligence is needed to fly large numbers of autonomous aircraft without

crashing them into one another or, say, the local news channel’s traffic helicopter. Carrying people from points A

to B seems simple enough, but even the best AI struggles with surprises: What, for example, would a drone do if a

landing area suddenly became unavailable? asks Sanjiv Singh, a Carnegie Mellon University robotics researcher.

Instead of leaping to fully automated passenger drones, he suggests first testing the necessary AI in unmanned cargo

(

货物

) runs, and adopting a “mixed mode” approach in early passenger services where pilots are assisted by AI co-

pilots.

Technical challenges aside,

start-ups

(

创业公司

) promoting the technology will have to find a way to convince

the public to give their drones a whirl, something that requires a much bigger leap of faith than getting into the

backseat

of

a

self-driving

car.

Passenger

drone

makers

are

“obviously

still

in

the

incubation

(

孵化

)

stages

of

technology development and improving the basics,” says Mike Hirschberg, executive director of the American

Helicopter Society International. “But 20 or 30 years from now life may be a little like The Jetsons where you take

advantage of the third dimension and have much more mobility, especially in urban close quarters where ground

transportation is

gridlocked

(

交通阻塞

).”

The

passenger

drone

progress

may

follow

a

sloping

takeoff

rather

than

vertical

(

垂直的

)

leap.

Carnegie

Mellon’s Singh sees a long road ahead filled with lots of testing, analysis, regulation and efforts to win the public’s

trust before the technology becomes a viable transportation option. “There is the danger of someone moving too

fast and then having a problem that sets the industry back for some time,” he says.

63. Personal flying cars have failed to gain popularity among households mainly because _________ .

A. people don’t have the courage to take the cars to the air.

B. people are unwilling to train for a pilot’s license.

C. people worry that they may not be qualified to fly the cars safely.

D. it is practically impossible to combine cars and aircraft together.

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