武装分子-难得一见
2012
年
6
月大学英
语四级考试真题试题及答案解析
(
完整版
)
Part
Ⅰ
Writing (30minutes
)
Directions: For
this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a
short essay entitled Excessive
Packaging
following
the
outline
given
below.
Y
ou
should write
at
least
120 words
but
no
more
than 180 words.
1.
目前许多商品存在过度包装的现象
2.
出现这一现象的原因
3.
我对这一现象的看法和建议
On Excessive Packaging
Part
Ⅱ
Reading
Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)(15minutes)
Directions: In
this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the
passage quickly and answer
the
questions on Answer sheet 1. For questions
1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices
marked A)
，
B)
，
C)and D). For questions
8-10,complete the sentences with the information
given in
the passage.
Small Schools Rising
This year?s
list of the top 100 high school
s shows
that today, those with fewer students are
flourishing.
Fifty years ago, they were the latest
thing in educational reform: big, modern, suburban
high
schools with students counted in
the thousands. As baby
boomers(
二战后婴儿潮时期出生的人
)
came of high-school age, big schools
promised economic efficiency. A
greater
choice of courses,
and,
of
course,
better
football
teams.
Only
years
later
did
we
understand
the
trade-offs
this
involved:
the
creation
of
excessive
bureaucracies(
官僚机构
)
，
the
difficulty
of
forging
personal
connections
between
teachers
and
T
scores
began
dropping
in
1963;today,on
average,30% of
students do not complete high school in four
years, a figure that rises to 50% in
poor urban neighborhoods. While the
emphasis on teaching to higher,
test-
driven standards as set
in
No
Child
Left
Behind
resulted
in
significantly
better
performance
in
elementary(and
some
middle)schools, high
schools for a variety of reasons seemed to have
made little progress.
Size
isn?t
everything,
but
it
does
matter,
and
the
past
decade
has
seen
a
noticeable
countertrend
toward
smaller
schools. This
has
been
due
,in
part
,to
the
Bill
and
Melinda
Gates
Foundation,
which
has
invested
$$1.8
billion
in
American
high
schools,
helping
to
open
about
1,000 small schools-most of them with
about 400 kids each with an average enrollment of
only
150 per grade, About 500 more are
on the drawing board. Districts all over the
country are taking
notice,
along
with
mayors
in
cities
like
New
Y
ork,
Chicago
and
San
Diego.
The
movement
includes
independent
public
charter
schools,
such
as
No.1
BASIS
in
Tucson,
with
only
120
high-schoolers and 18 graduates this
year. It embraces district-sanctioned magnet
schools, such as
the
Talented
and
Gifted
School,
with
198
students,
and
the
Science
and
Engineering
Magnet,with383,which share a building
in Dallas, as well as the City
Honors School in Buffalo,
N.Y
.,
which
grew
out
of
volunteer
evening
seminars
for
students.
And
it
includes
alternative
schools with
students
selected
by
lotte
ry(
抽签
)
，
such
as
H-B
Woodlawn
in
Arlington,
V
a.
And
most
noticeable
of
all,
there
is
the
phenomenon
of
large
urban
and
suburban
high
schools
that
have
split up into smaller units of a few hundred,
generally housed in the same grounds that once
boasted thousands of students all
marching to the same band.
Hillsdale High School in San Mateo,
Calif, is one of those, ranking
No.423
—
among the top
2% in the country
—on
Newsweek?s annual ranking of America?s top high
schools. The success of
small
schools
is
apparent
in
the
listings.
Ten
years
ago, when
the
first
Newsweek
list
based
on
college-
level
test
participation
was
published,
only
three
of
the
top
100
schools
had
graduating
Classes
smaller
than
100
students.
This
year
there
are
22.
Nearly
250
schools
on
the
full ,Newsweek list of the top 5% of
schools nationally had fewer than 200 graduates in
2007.
Although
many
of
Hillsdale?s
students
came
from
wealthy
households,
by
the
late
1990
average test scores were sliding and it
had earned the unaffectionate nickname
(
绰号
) “Hillsjail. ”
Jeff
Gilbert.
A
Hillsdale
teacher
who
became
principal
last
year,
remembers sitting
with
other
teachers
watching
students
file
out
of
a
graduation
ceremony
and
asking
one
another
in
astonishment, “How did that student
graduate?”
So
in
2003
Hillsdale
remade
itself
into
three
“houses,”
romantically
named
Florence,
Marrakech and Kyoto. Each of the 300
arriving ninth graders are
randomly(
随机地
) assigned to
one of the houses. Where they will keep
the same four core subject teachers for two years,
before
moving on to another for 11th
and 12th grades. The closeness this system
cultivates is reinforced
by the
institution of “advisory” classes Teachers meet
with students in groups of 25, five mornings
a week, for open-ended discussions of
everything from homework problems to bad Saturday-
night
dates. The advisers also meet
with students privately and stay in touch with
parents, so they are
deeply
invested in the students?
success.“We?re constantly talking about one
another?s advisers,”
says English
teacher Chris Crockett. “If you hear that yours
isn?t doing well in math, or see them
sitt
ing outside the dean?s
office, it?s like a personal failure.” Along with
the new structure came a
more demanding
academic program, the percentage of freshmen
taking biology jumped from 17 to
95.“It
was rough for some. But by senior year,
two
-thirds have mo
ved up to
physics,” says Gilbert
“Our kids are
coming to school in part because they know there
are adults here who know them
and care
for them.”But not all schools show advances after
downsizing, and it remains to be seen
whether smaller schools will be a cure-
all solution.
The Newsweek list of top U.S. high
schools was made this year, as in years past,
according to
a single metric, the
proportion of students taking college-level exams.
Over the years this system
has come in
for its share of criticism fo
r its
simplicity.
But that is also its
strength: it?s easy for
readers to
understand, and to do the arithmetic for their own
schools if they?d like.
Ranking schools is always
controversial, and this year a group of 38 superin
tendents(
地区教
育主管
)f
rom five
sta
tes wrote to
ask
that
their
schools
be
excluded
from
the
calculation.“It
is
impossible
to
know which
high
schools
are
?the
best?
in
the
nation,
”their
letter
read.
in
part.
“Determining
whether
different schools
do
or
don?t
offer
a
high
quality
of
educatio
n
requires
a
look
at man different measures, including students?
overall academic accomplishments and their
subsequent
performance
in
college.
And
taking
into
consideration
the
unique
needs
of
their
communities.”
In
the
end,
the
superintendents
agreed
to
provide
the
data
we
sought,
which
is,
after
all,
public information.
There is, in our view, no real dispute here, we
are all seeking the same thing,
which
is schools that better serve our children and our
nation
by encouraging students to
tackle
tough subjects under the
guidance of gifted teachers. And if we keep
working toward that goal,
someday,
perhaps a list won?t be necessary.
注意：此部分试题请在答卡
1
上作答
.
1.
Fifty
years
ago.
big.
Modern.
Suburban
high
schools
were
established
in
the
hope
of
__________.
A) ensuring no child is left behind
B) increasing
economic efficiency
C) improving students? performance on
SA
T
D) providing
good education for baby boomers
2. What
happened as a result of setting up big schools?
A)
Teachers? workload
increased.
B)
Students? performance
declined.
C) Administration became centralized.
D) Students focused more on test
scores.
3. What is said about the schools
forded by the Bill and Melinda Gates foundation?
A) They are
usually magnet schools.
B) They are often located in poor
neighborhoods.
C) They are popular with high-achieving
students.
D) They are mostly small in
size.
4. What is most
noticeable about the current trend in high school
education?
A) Some large schools have
split up into smaller ones.
B)
A
great variety of schools have sprung
up in urban and suburban areas.
C) Many
schools compete for the Bill and Melinda Gates
Foundation funds.
D) Students have to
meet higher academic standards.
5. Newsweek
ranked high schools according to .
A)
their
students? academic achievement
B) the number
of their students admitted to college
C) the size and number of
their graduating classes
D) their
college-level test participation
6. What can we
learn a
bout Hillsdale?s students in the
late 1990s?
A) They were made to study hard like
prisoners.
B)
They called each other by unaffectionate
nicknames.
C)
Most of them did not have any sense of
discipline,
D) Their school
performance was getting worse.
7.
According to Jeff Gilbert, the
“advisory” classes at Hillsdale were set up so
that students
could
.
A)
tell their teachers what they did on weekends
B) experience a
great deal of pleasure in learning
C) maintain closer
relationships with their teachers
D)
tackle the demanding biology and physics courses
8.
is
still
considered
a
strength
of
Newsweek?s
school
ranking
system
in
spite
of
the
criticism it receives.
9.
According
to
the
38
superintendents,
to
rank
schools
scientifically,
it
is
necessary
to
use
.
10. To better serve the children and
our nation, schools students to take
.
Part
Ⅲ
Listening Comprehension (35minutes)
Section A
Directions: in
this section you will hear 8 short conversations,
one or more questions will be
asked
about what was
said.
Both
the conversation
and
the
questions
will
be
spoken
only
once.
After
each
question
there
will
be
a
pause.
During
the
pause,
you
must
read
the
four
choices
marked A)
、
B)
、
C)and
D)
、
and decide which is the
best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter
on Answer sheet 2 with a single line
through the centre.
注意：此部分试题请在答案卡
2
上作案。
11. A)
Trying to sketch a map C) Discussing a house plan.
B) Painting the dining room. D)
Cleaning the kitchen.
12. A) She is tired of the
food in the canteen.
B) She often eats in a French
restaurant.
C)
She usually takes a snack in the KFC.
D) She in very fussy about what she
eats.
13. A) Listening to some loud music C)
Talking loudly on the telephone.
B) Preparing for as oral examination.
D) Practicing for a speech contest.
14. A) The man
has left a good impression on her
family.
B) The man can dress casually for the
occasion.
C)
The man should buy himself a new suit.
D)
The man?s jeans and
T
-shirts are stylish.
15. A)Grey
pants made from pure cotton. C) 100% cotton pants
in dark blue.
B) Fashionable pants in
bright colors. D) Something to match her brown
pants.
16. A) Its price. C) Its comfort.
B) Its location D) Its facilities.
17.
A) Travel overseas. C) Take a photo.
B)
Look for a new job. D) Adopt a child.
18. A)It is a
routine offer. C)It is quite healthy.
B) It is new on the menu. D)It is a
good bargain.
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the
conversation you
.
19. A) Hosting
an evening TV program. C) Lecturing on business
management.
B) Having her bicycle
repaired. D) Conducting a market survey.
20.
A) He repaired bicycles. C) He worked as a
salesman.
B) He served as a consultant.
D) He coached in a racing club.
21. A) He
wanted to be his own boss.
B) He found it more profitable
C)
He didn?t want to start from
scratch.
D)
He
didn?t want to be in too much debt.
22.
A) They work five days a week. C) They are paid by
the hour.
B)
They are all
the man?s friends. D)
They all enjoy
gambling.
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the
conversation you have just heard.
23. A) It has
gradually given way to service industry.
B) It remains a
major part of industrial activity.
C) It has a
history as long as paper processing.
D)
It accounts for 80 percent of the
region?s G
DP
.
24. A)
Transport problems. C) Lack of resources.
B) Shortage of funding. D) poor
management.
25.A) Competition from rival companies.
C) Possible locations for a new factory
B) Product promotion campaigns. D)
Measures to create job opportunities.
Section B
Directions: In
this section you will hear 3 short passages. At
the end of each passage, you will
hear
some questions. Both the passage and the questions
will be spoken only once After you hear a
question,
you
must choose
the
best
answer
from
the four choices
marked
A),B),C)and
D).Then
mark the corresponding letter on Answer
sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡
2
上作答。
Passage One
Questions 26 to 28 are based on the
passage you have just heard.
26. A) They
shared mutual friends in school.
B) They had known each
other since childhood.
C) They shared many extracurricular
activities.
D) They had many interests
in common.
27. A) At a local club. B)At the sports
center.
B)
At Joe?s house. D)At the bearing
school.
28. A) Durable friendships can be very
difficult to maintain
B) One has to be respectful of other
people in order to win respect.
C) It is hard for people
from different backgrounds to become friends
D) Social divisions will break down if
people get to know each other
Passage
T
wo
Questions 29 to 31 are
based as the passage you have just heart.
29.
A) Near the entrance of a park. C) At a parking
meter.
B)
In his building?s
parking lot D)At a street corner.
30.A)It had been taken by the police C)
In had been stolen by someone.
B) it
had keen moved to the next block. D ) it had been
parked at a wrong place
31. A) At the Greenville
center. C) In a neighboring town.
B) At
a public parking lot. D) In a the city garage.
Passage Three
Questions 32
to 35 are based on the passage you have just
heard.
32. A) Famous creative individuals. C)
A
major scientific discovery.
B) The mysteriousness of creativity. D)
Creativity as shown in arts.
33. A) It is
something people all engage in. C) It starts soon
after we are born.
B) It helps people
acquire knowledge. D) It is the source of all
artistic work.
34. A) Creative imagination. C) Natural
curiosity.
B) Logical reasoning D)
Critical thinking.
35. A) It is
beyond ordinary people. C) It is part of everyday
life.
B) It is yet to be fully
understood. D) It is a unique human trait.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will
hear a passage three times. When the passage is
read for
the
first
time,
you should
listen
carefully
for
its
general
idea.
When
the
passage
is
read
for
the
second
time, you are required to fill in the blanks
numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words
you have just heard. For blanks
numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill
in the missing
information.
For these blanks you can other use the exact words
you have just heard or write down
the
main points in your are words. Finally, when the
passage is read for the third time, you should
check what you have written.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡
2
上作答。
Students have been
complaining more and more about stolen property.
Radios, cell phones,
bicycles,
pocket(36) ,and books have all been reported
stolen. Are there enough campus police to
do the job?
There
are
20
officers
in
the
Campus
Security
Division
Their
job
is
to(37)
crime,
accidents
lost and found(38) ,and traffic
problems on campus. More than half of their time
is spent directing
traffic and writing
parking tickets.(39) promptly to accidents and
other(40) is important, but it
is
their smallest job.
Dealing
with
crime
takes
up
the
rest
of
their
time.
V
ery(41)
do
any
violent
crimes
actually(42) .In
the
last five
years
there
have
been
no(43) .seven robberies
and
about
60
other
violent attacks, most
of these involving fights at parties. On the other
hand,(44)
,which usually involves breaking
windows or lights or writing on walls. The thefts
are not the
carefully planned
burglaries(
入室盗窃
)that you see
in movies.(45)
.
Do
we
really
need
more
police?
Hiring
more
campus
police
would
cost
money
,
possibly
making
our tuition go up again.(46)
.
Part
Ⅳ
Reading Comprehension(Reading in
depth)(25minntes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a
passage with ten blanks. Y
ou are
required to select one
word
for
each
blank
from
a
list
of
choices
given
in
a
ward
bank
Read
the
passage
through
carefully before making your choices
Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.
Please mark
the corresponding letter
for each them on Answer Sheet 2 with a single
line through the centre.
Y
ou may not use any of the
words in the bank more than once.
Questions 47 to 56 are
based on the following passage,
One in six.
Believe it or not, that?s the number of
Americans who struggle with hanger To
make tomorrow a little better, Feeding
Action Month. As part of its 30 Ways in 30 Days
program,
It?s asking
48
across the country to help the more than 200 food
banks and 61,000 agencies in its
network provide low-income individuals
and families with the fuel they need to 49 .
It?s the kind
of work that?s done every day at St. Andrew?s
Episcopal Church in San
Antonio,
People who 50 at its front door on the
first and third Thursdays of each month aren?t
looking for
God-
they?re
there for something to eat, St. Andrew?s runs a
food pantry(
食品堂
)that 51 the
city
and several of the 52 towns. Janet
Drane is its manager.
In the wake of the 53 .the number of
families in need of food assistance began to grow.
It is
54
that
49
million
Americans
are
unsure
of
where
they will
find
their
next
meal
What?s
most
surprising is that 36% of them live in
55 where at least one adult
is
working.“It used to be that one
job
was
all
you
needed.”
says
St.
Andrew?s
Drane.“The
people
we see
now
have
three
or
four
part-
time jobs and
they?re still right on the edge 56 .”
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡
2
上作答。
A) survive I)formally
B)
surrounding J)financially
C) serves K)domestic
D) reviewed
L)competition
E) reported M)communities
F) recession N)circling
G) households
O)accumulate
H)
gather
Section
B
Directions:
there are 2 passages in this section. Each passage
is followed by some questions
or
unfinished
statements
For
each
of
them
there
are
four
choices
marked
A),B),C)
and
D).Y
ou
should
decide on the best choice and mark the
corresponding letter on
Answer Sheer 2
with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 57 to
61 are based on the following passage.
In
times
of
economic
crisis.
Americans
turn
to
their
families
for
support.
If
the
Great
Depression is any
guide, we may see a drop in our skyhigh divorce
rate. But this won?t necessarily
represent.
an
increase
in
happy
marriages. In
the
long
run,
the
Depression
weakened
American
families, and the
current crisis will probably do the same.
We tend to
think of the Depression as a time when families
pulled together to survive huge
job
losses, By 1932. when nearly one-quarter of the
workforce was unemployed, the divorce rate
had declined by around 25% from 1929
But this doesn?t mean people were suddenly happier
with
their
marriages.
Rather,
with
incomes
decreasing
and
insecure
jobs,
unhappy
couples
often
couldn?t afford to di
vorce.
They feared neither spouse could manage alone.
Today, given
the job losses of the past year, fewer unhappy
couples will risk starting separate
households,
Furthermore,
the
housing
market
meltdown will
make
it
more
difficult
for
them
to
finance
their separations by selling their homes.
After financial
disasters family members also tend to do whatever
they can to help each other
and their
communities, A
1940 book. The
Unemployed Man and His Family, described a family
in
which the husband initially reacted
to losing his job “with tireless search for
work.”He was always
active, looking for
odd jobs to do.
The
problem
is
that
such
an
impulse
is
hard
to
sustain
Across
the country
,
many
similar
families were unable
to maintain the initial boost in
morale(
士气
). For some, the
hardships of life
without steady work
eventually
overwhelmed
their
attempts
to
keep
their
families
together.
The
divorce rate rose again
during the rest of the decade as the recovery took
hold.
Millions
of American families may now be in the initial
stage of their responses to the current
crisis, working together and supporting
one another through the early months of
unemployment.
Today?s economic crisis could well
generate a similar number of couples whose
relationships
have
been
irreparably(
无法弥补地
)rui
ned.
So
it?s
only
when
the
economy
is
healthy
again
that
we?ll begin to see just
how ma
ny broken families have been
created.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡
2
上作答。
the initial stage, the
current economic crisis is likely to __________.
A) tear many
troubled families apart
B) contribute to enduring family ties
C) bring about
a drop in the divorce rate
D) cause a
lot of conflicts in the family
58. In the
Great Depression many unhappy couples close to
stick together because
A) starting a new family would be hard
B) they
expected things would turn
better
C) they
wanted to better protect
their kids
D) living
separately would be too costly
59
.In addition to job losses. What stands in the way
of unhappy couples getting a divorce?
A) Mounting family debts
B) A
sense of insecurity
C) Difficulty in getting a loan
D) Falling housing prices
60. What will
the current economic crisis eventually do to some
married couples?
A) It will force them to pull their
efforts together
B) It will undermine their mutual
understanding
C) It will help strengthen their
emotional bonds
D) It will irreparably
damage their relationship
61. What can be inferred
from the last paragraph?
A) The economic recovery will see a
higher divorce rate
B) Few couples can stand the test of
economic hardships
C) A
stable family is the
best protection against poverty.
D)
Money is the foundation of many a happy marriage
Passage T
wo
Questions 62 to 66 are based on the
following passage:
People are being
lured (
引诱
)onto
Facebook with the promise of a fun, free service
without
realizing they?re paying for it
by giving up toads of personal
information. Facebook then attempts
to
make money by selling their data to advertisers
that want to send targeted messages.
Most Facebook users don?t
realize this is happening. Even if they know what
the company is
up to, t
hey
still have no idea what they?re paying for Face
book because people don?t really know
what their personal data is worth.
The
biggest
problem,
however,
is
that
the
company
keeps
changing
the
rules
Early
on
you
keep
everything
private.
That
was
the
great
thing
about
facebook
you
could
create
own
little
private network. Last year. The company
changed its privacy rules so that many things you
city.
Y
our
photo,
your
friends?
names
-were set,
by
default
(
默认
)to
be
shared with
every
one
on
the
Internet.
Acco
rding
to
Facebook?s
vice
-president
Elliot
Schrage,
the
company
is
simply
making
changes to improve its service, and if
people don?t share information They have a “less
satisfying
experience”.
Some
critics
think
this
is
more
about Facebook
looking
to
make
more
money.
In
original
business model,
which involved selling ads and putting then At the
side of the pages totally Who
wants to
took at ads when they?re online connecting with
their friends?
The privacy issue has already landed
Facebook in hot water in Washington. In April.
Senator
Charles Schumer called on
Facebook to change its privacy policy. He also
urged the Federal Trade
Commission
to
set
guidelines
for
social-
networking
sites.“I
think
the
senator
rightly
communicated
that we
had
not
been clear
about
what
the
new
products were
and
how
people
could
choose to use them or not to use them,” Schrage
admits.
I
suspect
that
whatever
Facebook
has
done
so
far
to
invade
our
privacy,
it?s
only
the
beginning. Which is why I?m considering
deactivating(
撤销
)my account.
Facebook is a handy site,
but I?m upset
by the idea that my information is in the hands of
people I
don?t That?s too high a
price to pay.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡<
/p>
2
上作答。
62. What do we
learn about Facebook from the first paragraph?
A) It is a
website that sends messages to targeted users.
B) It makes
money by putting on advertisements.
C) It profits by
selli
ng its users? personal
data.
D) It provides loads
of information to its users.
63. What does
the author say about most Facebook users?
A) They are
reluctant to give up their personal
information.
B)
They don?t know their
personal data enriches Faceb
ook.
C)
They don?t identify themselves when
using the website.
D) They
care very little about their personal information.
64.
Why does Facebook make changes to its rules
according to Elliot Schrage?
A) To render better service
to its users.
B) To conform to the Federal
guidelines.
C)
To improve its users?
connectivity.
D) To expand
its scope of business.
65. Why does Senator
Charles Schumer advocate?
A) Setting guidelines for advertising
on websites.
B)
Banning the sharing of users?
person
al information.
C) Formulating regulations
for social-networking sites.
D)
Removing ads from all social-networking sites.
66.
Why does the author plan to cancel his Facebook
account?
A) He
is dissatisfied with its current service.
B) He finds
many of its users untrustworthy.
C)
He doesn?t
want his personal data abused.
D) He is upset by its frequent rule
changes.
Part V Cloze (15 minutes)
Directions:
There
are
20
blanks
in
the
following
passage.
For
each
blank
there
are
four
choices marked A),B),C) and D)on the
right side of the paper. Y
ou should
choose the ONE that
best fits into the
passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on
Answer Sheet 2 with a single line
through the centre.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡
2
上作答。
Because conflict and disagreements are
part of all close relationships, couples need to
learn