faz-野菰
2015
年
6
月大学英
语四级考试真题
(
二
)
答案与详解
2015
年
6
月大学英语四级考试真题及答案解
析（第
2
套
)
Part I
Writing
minutes)
Dire
cti
ons
：
For this
part
,
you are allowed 30
minutes to write an essay based on the picture
below. You should start
your essay with
a brief description of the picture and then
comment on this kind of modem life. You
should write at least
120
words but no more than
180
words.
(30
THIS MODERN LIFE
WORK
HOME
PLAY
SLEEP
Part II
Listening Comprehension
(
30
minutes)
Section
A
Dire
cti
ons
：
In
this
section
,
you
will
hear
8
short
conversations
and
2
long
conversations.
At
the
end
of
each
conversation, one or
more questions will be asked about what was said.
Both the conversation and the
questions
will be spoken only once. After each question
there will be a pause. During the pause, you
must read the four choices marked A),
B), C) and D)
,
and decide
which is the best answer. Then mark
the
corresponding letter on
Answer Sheet 1
with a single line through the
centre.
1.
A)
He
is pl
eas
ed
t
o sit
on th
e co<
/p>
m
mitt
ee.
B) He is
w
illi
ng t
o
of
fer t
he
w
om
an a
ha
nd.
C)
He
wil
l te
ll the
wo
man h
is
d
eci
sion
l
at
er.
D) He wo
uld
like to b
eco
me a
c
lu
b
mem
ber.
2.
A)
Their
planne
d tri
p to V
an
cou
v
er is o
bvious
ly
ov
erpriced.
B)
The
y sho
uld
bor
row
a
gui
de b
o
ok
ins
te
ad of
buy
ing
o
ne.
C)
The guid
e bo
oks
i
n th
e
lib
rar
y hav
e the
lat
est
inf
orm
ation.
D) The libr
ary
c
an h
elp
ord
er g
uide
book
s ab
out
Van
cou
ver.
3.
A)
He re
gr
ets
h
avi
ng
t
ake
n the
his
t
ory
c
our
se.
B) He fin
ds
li
ttl
e
in
ter
est
in
th
e
hist
ory
b
ook
s.
C) He has
tro
ubl
e
fi
nish
ing
his
read
ing
ass
ign
men
ts.
D) He ha
s
di
ffi
cul
ty
w
rit
ing t
he
w
e
ekly
book
rep
ort.
4.
A)
T
he m
an
h
ad be
tte
r
ch
oos
e
an
o
ther
res
tau
ran
t.
B) The ne
w
res
tau
ra
nt is
a per
fect
pla
ce f
or
d
ating.
C) The ne
w
res
tau
ra
nt
ca
ugh
t
her
f
anc
y
imm
ediately.
D)
The ma
n ha
s goo
d
taste
in
ch
o
osin
g the
restau
ran
t.
5.
A)
H
e ha
s bee
n
lo
oki
ng
fo
rw
ar
d to
sp
rin
g.
C
) He w
ill
cle
an t
he
wo
ma
n’s
b
oots
for
sp
rin
g.
1
2015
年
6
月大学英语四级考试真题
(
二
)
答案与详解
B) He has be
en
w
ait
ing f
or
t
he w
in
ter
s
ale.
D) He
will
help th
e
wom
an p
ut
th
in
gs
aw
ay.
6.
A) At a
tai
lor
’s.
C) In a cl
oth
es
st
ore.
B)
At Bob’s
hom
e.
D) In a th
eatre.
7. A) His guest
s
fa
vor
Tib
etan
dri
nks. C)
Mineral
wat
er
is
goo
d fo
r
hea
lth.
B)
At Bob
’s
h
ome.
D) Plain
water will
serv
e the
purpose.
8.
A) Repor
t th
e
res
ult
of a
d
isc
us
sion.
C) Submit
an im
portant
doc
ume
nt.
B) Rais
e
so
me en
vir
onm
ent
al
i
ssue
s.
D) Revise
an
en
vi
ronm
ental
repo
rt.
2
2015
年
6
月大学英语四级
考试真题
(
二
)
答案与详解
Questio
ns 9 t
o 12
a
re b
ase
d on
t
he c
onve
rsa
tio
n yo
u
hav
e ju
st heard.
9.
10.
11.
12.
A)
Th
ey po
llute t
he
so
il u
sed t
o
co
v
er th
em.
C) The ru
bbi
sh
in
th
em takes
lon
g
to d
issolv
e.
B)
The
y ar
e
ha
rmf
ul t
o
nea
rby
nei
g
hbor
hoo
ds.
D) The g
as th
ey
em
it is
extrem
ely
poi
sono
us.
A) Gr
owi
ng
po
pul
ati
on.
C) Changed eating
hab
it
s.
B) Pac
kag
ing
mat
eri
als.
D) Lower
pro
duction
co
st.
A) By
s
avi
ng
e
ner
gy.
C) By redu
ci
ng
po
iso
nou
s
wast
es.
B) By
us
ing
les
s
al
umi
num.
D) By mak
ing the m
ost of ma<
/p>
te
ria
ls.
A) We
are
run
nin
g out
o
f na
tur
al
r
es
ourc
es
soon.
B) On
ly
co
mbi
ned
eff
ort
s
ca
n make a
diff
erence.
C)
Th
e wa
ste
p
rob
lem
wil
l
ev
entu
al
ly
hu
rt all of u
s
D) Al
l of u
s
ca
n act
ual
ly
b
ene
fit
fro
m
rec
ycling.
Questio
ns 13
to
15
are
bas
ed
o
n the
conv
ers
ati
on y
ou have just
h
eard.
13.
14.
A)
Mi
ami.
B)
Va
nco
uver.
C)
Bellin
gh
am.
D) Bo
sto
n.
A) To g
et i
nfo
rma
tio
n on
o
ne-wa
y
ti
cket
s to
C
anada.
B) To
i
nquire
abo
ut
th
e pr
ice
of
“
S
uper
Sav
er
”
seats.
C) To
g
et a
dvi
ce
o
n how
to fl
y as
ch
eapl
y as
p
ossible.
D) To
i
nqu
ire
abo
ut th
e
sh
ort
est
rou
t
e to
dr
ive
hom
e.
15.
A)
Jo
in a t
our
ist
g
rou
p.
B) Choos
e a ma
jor
air
lin
e.
C) Av
oid
t
rip
s in
p
ubl
ic
h
olid
ays.
D) Bo
ok
ti
cke
ts a
s early
a
s
po
ssi
ble.
Section B
Dire
cti
ons
：
In this section, you will hear 3 short
passages. At the end of each passage, you will
hear some questions.
Both the passage
and the questions will be spoken only once. After
you hear a question, you must
choose
the best answer from the four choices marked
A),B),C),and D)
.
Then mark
the corresponding
letter on
Answer Sheet 1
with a single
line through the centre.
Pass
age
One
Questions 16
to 18
are
bas
ed o
n the
pass
age
you
h
ave
just heard.
16.
A)
Th
ere
are
mys
ter
iou
s
sto
rie
s
be
hi
nd his
works.
B)
Th
ere
are
man
y mis
und
ers
tan
din
gs
ab
out h
im.
C) Hi
s wor
ks
h
ave
no ma
tch
wor
ld
wide.
D) Hi
s
pe
rson
al
h
ist
ory i
s
li
ttl
e
kno
w
n.
17.
A) He
mov
ed to
S
tr
atf
ord-
on
-Av
on
in his
chi
ldh
ood.
B) He f
ai
led
t
o go b
eyo
nd
g
ram
mar
scho
ol.
C) He
w
as a
mem
ber
of th
e to
wn
c
ounc
il.
D) He o
nc
e
wor
ke
d in a w
ell-
kn
ow
n act
ing
comp
any.
18.
A)
Wr
ite
rs o
f his
tim
e ha
d no
m
ean
s
to
pro
tect th
eir
works.
B)
Pos
sib
le
s
our
ces
of
cl
ues
abo
ut
hi
m wer
e lost in
a fire.
C)
Hi
s wor
ks w
ere
ada
pte
d
be
yon
d
reco
gnitio
n.
D) Pe
opl
e of his
ti
me h
ad
li
ttl
e
in
ter
e
st in
h
im.
Pass
age
Two
Questio
ns 19
to
21
are
bas
ed
o
n the
pass
age
you h
ave
jus
t heard.
19.
A) It
s
how
s you hav
e
be
en
i
gno
rin
g your
health.
B) It
c
an
s
eri
ous
ly
a
ffe
ct y
our
t
hin
ki
ng
pr
ocess.
C) It
i
s an e
ar
ly
wa
rni
ng o
f
so
me
il
ln
ess.
D) It i
s a
sy
mpt
om o
f
to
o muc
h
pr
es
sure.
3
2015
年
6
月大学英语四级考试真题
(
二
)
答案与详解
20. A) Redu
ce
ou
r wo
rkl
oad.
C) Use painkillers f
or
relief.
B)
Contro
l ou
r
tem
pe
r.
D) Avoid mas
kin
g
sym
pto
ms.
21. A) Lyi
ng
do
wn a
nd
h
avi
ng so
me
sl
eep.
C) Goin
g out
for
a wa
lk.
B) Rubbi
ng
an
d pr
ess
ing
one
’
s
bac
k.
D) List
ening to
lig
ht
mu
sic.
Pass
age
Thr
ee
Questio
ns 22
to
25
are
bas
ed
o
n the
pass
age
you have
just
heard.
22. A)
Depe
ndi
ng
he
avi
ly o
n
loa
ns.
C)
Spend
ing beyond
one
’s
m
ean
s.
B) Havin
g no
b
udg
et
p
lan
s at a
ll.
D) Leavi
ng n
o
roo
m for
lar
ge
b
ills.
23. A)
Ma
ny of
the
m
ca
n be c
ut.
C) They eat up most of
the
fami
ly
i
nco
me.
B) All of t
hem
hav
e to b
e
co
ver
e
d.
D) They eat up mo
st o
f the
fam
ily
inco
me.
24. A)
Re
nt a hous
e
ins
tead of
buy
i
ng
on
e.
C) Make a con
se
rva
tio
n pla
n.
B) Discu
ss
th
e pr
obl
em
i
n the
fa
mily.
D) Move to a ch
eap
er
p
lac
e.
25. A)
Fi
nan
cia
l
iss
ues
pla
gui
ng a
f
amil
y.
C) Family budg
et
p
rob
lem
s
an
d sol
utions.
B)
Diffi
cul
ty i
n
mak
ing
bot
h
end
s mee
t.
D) New
ways
to
bo
ost
fam
ily
i
nco
me.
Section C
Dire
cti
ons
：
In this
section, you will hear a passage three times. When
the passage is read for the first time
,
you
should listen carefully
for its general idea. When the passage
is read for the second time
,
you are
required to fill in
the blanks with the exact words you have just
heard. Finally
,
when the
passage is
read for the third time, you
should check what you have written.
Perh
aps
bec
aus
e
go
ing t
o
co
lle
ge is
so
mu
ch a p
art o
f
th
e Am
eri
can
dre
a
m, many
peo
ple g
o
fo
r no 26
r
eas
on.
Some go
be
cause t
hei
r
pa
ren
ts e
xpect
it, o
the
rs
be
cause ifs w
hat
their fr
iends a
re
do
ing. Then,
the
re
’s
th
e bel
ie
f
tha
t a co
llege
degree w
ill 2
7
ens
ure
a goo
d job
a
nd hig
h
pa
y.
Some
s
tud
ent
s 28
th
rou
gh fo
ur
y
e
ars,
at
ten
din
g
classes, or
skipping
(
逃
课
)
th
em as
the
case
ma
y be, rea
ding
o
nly
what
can
’
t
b
e avo
ide
d,
loo
kin
g fo
r
le
ss 29 cour
ses,
and n
ever being
to
uche
d or
c
ha
nge
d in any
im
por
tan
t
way. Fo
r a few
of
these peop
le,
c
oll
ege
p
rov
ides no
30
, yet be
ca
use o
f
paren
tal
or p
eer
pressure, th
ey
ca
nno
t
vo
lun
tarily
l
eave. The
y st
op
tryi
ng in
the
hop
e tha
t
th
eir
t
ea
che
rs
will
mak
e the
decisi
on f
or
th
em b
y 31
them.
To put
it
b
lun
tly
/
(
直截了当地
）
,
u
nle
ss
you
’re w
illing to make
you
r colleg
e
yea
rs cou
nt, you
mig
ht
be 32
doing
some
thi
ng
e
lse. N
ot
e
ver
yon
e
sh
ou
ld
at
ten
d col
lege,
no
r sh
ould
every
one w
ho do
es
atte
nd b
egin
ri
ght a
fter h
igh
scho
ol.
Many
col
leg
e
st
ude
nts 33
t
akin
g a yea
r or
so o
ff. A year ou
t in the
w
orld hel
ps some
peo
ple to 3
4 their
prioriti
es a
nd
goal
s. If
you
’r
e
re
all
y going to
g
et
s
omet
hin
g out of
going to colleg
e, you have to
ma
ke it mean
som
eth
in
g, and to
do that
you must h
ave
som
e ide
a
wh
y
yo
u
’r
e
th
ere, w
hat
you
h
ope
to get ou
t
of
it, and 3
5 even
wha
t yo
u
hop
e to
b
ecom
e.
Part
Ⅲ
Reading Comprehension
minutes)
(40
Sect
ion
A
Dire
cti
ons
：
In this section, there is a passage
with ten blanks. You are required to select one
word for each blank
from a list of
choices given in a word bank following the
passage. Read the passage through carefully
before
making
your
choices.
Each
choice
in
the
bank
is
identified
by
a
letter.
Please
mark
the
corresponding letter for each item on
Answer Sheet
Questio
ns 36
to
45
are
bas
ed
o
n the
foll
owi
ng
p
assage.
2 with a
single line through the centre. You
may
not use any of the words in the bank more than
once.
Ifs our
g
uil
ty p
lea
sur
e
：
W
atchin
g TV is the
mos
t co
mmo
n
ev
ery
day
a
ctiv
ity, aft
er
w
ork and sle
ep, in
ma
n
y parts o
f
the w
orl
d.
Ame
ric
ans
vie
w fiv
e
ho
u
rs of T
V
ea
ch d
ay, an
d
while w
e kn
ow
th
at sp
end
ing so
mu
ch time s
itti
ng
36 can l
ea
d
to
obesit
y/(
肥
胖症
）
a
nd ot
her
dis
e
ases,
r
es
ear
chers
h
ave n
ow
q
uan
tified just
how 37 b
ein
g
a co
uch
pot
at
o can
b
e.
In a
n
a
nal
ysi
s
o
f da
ta fr
om
e
igh
t
l
arg
e 38
.pu
blished studies, a
Harv
ar
d-le
d
g
rou
p
r
epo
rte
d in
th
e that
fo
r
e
very
t
w
o
hour
s per day
sp
ent c
han
nel
39 , the ris
k of
dev
elop
ing Ty
pe 2
diabetes Journal of the
Am
eri
can
M
e
dica
l A
< br>so
c
i
a
t
ion
(
糖尿病
）
ro
se
2
0% ov
er
8
. 5
ye
ars,
the ri
sk
o
f heart d
isease
increased 15
%
ove
r a 40 , and t
he
od
ds o
f dyin
g
pre
maturely
41 13%
d
uri
ng a
s
eve
n-yea
r f
oll
o
w-up.
Al
l o
f
t
hes
e 4
2
are linked to
a lac
k
o
f p
hysical
exerci
se. But
com
par
ed
wi
th
4
2015
年
6
月大学英语四级考试真题
(
二
)
答案与详解
othe
r
se
den
tar
y
(
久坐的）
a
cti
viti
es, like kn
itt
ing,
v
iewing TV may be
espe
cia
lly 43
a
t pro
mot
ing
u
nhe
althy h
abits.
Fo
r
one, th
e
she
er n
umb
er of
h
our
s we pass
w
at
chin
g TV
d
war
fs t
he time
we spe
nd o
n
any
thing el
se.
An
d ot
her
st
udi
es
h
ave
foun
d that
wa
tching
ads
for
b
ee
r and
popc
orn m
ay m
ake
you m
ore
lik
ely to 44
th
em.
Even
so, th
e
aut
hor
s ad
mit
tha
t the
y
didn
’t
comp
are
dif
fer
ent
sed
ent
ary
a
ctiv
ities to
4
5 whe
ther TV
w
atchi
ng was
linked to
a
gr
eat
er r
isk
o
f di
abe
tes,
h
e
art
d
ise
ase
or early
death comp
ared
with, say,
re
ad
ing.
A)
cl
imb
ed
B) consu
me
C) de
cade
D)
de
ter
min
e
E)
ef
fec
tiv
e
F) ha
rmf
ul
G)
ou
tco
mes
H)
pas
siv
ely
I)
previ
ously
J)
re
sum
e
K)
su
ffe
red
L)
su
rfi
ng
M)
te
rm
N)
te
rminal
s
O) tw
isting
Section B
Dire
cti
ons
：
In this
section
,
you are going to
read a passage
with ten statements
attached to it. Each statement
contains
information
given
in
one
of
the
paragraphs.
Identify
the
paragraph
from
which
the
information is derived. You may choose
a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is
marked with
a letter. Answer the
questions by marking the corresponding letter on
Answer Sheet 2.
E
ssa
y-G
ra
ding
Sof
tware Offers
P
ro
fessors
a
Break
A)
Imag
ine
t
aki
ng a
col
leg
e exam,
an
d, inste
ad of
h
andi
ng in a blue
bo
o
k and
get
tin
g a gra
de
fro
m a pro
fe
ssor
a few
weeks lat
er,
cl
ick
ing
t
he
“s
end
”
but
t
on whe
n you
are do
ne an
d
receivin
g a grad
e back
instan
tly, y
our
e
ssa
y scored by a
soft
war
e
pr
ogr
am. An
d
th
en,
ins
tea
d
of
bei
ng do
ne w
ith
that exam, ima
g
ine
th
at the sy
ste
m
wo
uld i
mme
dia
t
ely let yo
u
rewrit
e the
tes
t to t
ry to
imp
rov
e
you
r grade.
B)
EdX, the
no
npr
ofi
t
ente
rpr
is
e
foun
ded by Harvard and th
e
Massach
usetts Instit
ute of
T
ech
nol
ogy
(M
IT) to offer
cour
ses
on the
In
ter
net, h
as
j
ust i
ntr
o
duce
d su
ch a
syst
em and will make
its
a
uto
mat
ed
(
自动的
）
so
ftw
are
av
aila
ble
fre
e
on the W
eb t
o
an
y
in
sti
tut
ion
tha
t want
s to use it. The
s
oftware u
ses
a
rtif
ici
al
inte
lligen
ce to
g
rad
e student essays
and
shor
t
wr
itt
en
an
sw
ers,
f
ree
ing
pro
fes
sors
for o
ther tasks.
C)
The
n
ew
s
er
vic
e
wi
ll b
rin
g
th
e
ed
u
cati
onal
consortium
(
联盟
)
int
o a
g
rowin
g
co
nfl
ict ove
r
th
e role of automation in
educ
ati
on.
Alt
hough
auto
ma
ted
gr
a
ding
sy
stems for
mu
lti
ple-ch
oice
an
d true-false te
sts are
n
ow wid
esp
read,
the
use o
f
arti
fic
ial int
ell
ige
nc
e
te
chn
olog
y to
g
rade essay answers has not yet
received w
ide
spread
ac
cep
tan
ce
b
y
ed
u
cato
rs
a
nd
has
m
any
c
rit
ics.
D)
Anan
t
Aga
rw
al, an
e
lectri
cal
e
ngi
ne
er who is
presiden
t of Ed
X, predicted
that t
he in
sta
nt-
gradin
g so
ftw
are
would be a
usef
ul
tea
chi
ng too
l,
enab
lin
g
s
tud
ents to tak
e
t
est
s and write essays
o
ver and
ov
er
and
im
prove
th
e q
ual
ity of
the
ir
answ
ers.
H
e said t
he
te
chn
olo
gy
wo
uld of
fer
d
isti
nct advantages
o
ver t
h
e
trad
itiona
l
cla
ssroom sy
ste
m,
whe
re stud
ents
ofte
n wa
it
da
ys or wee
ks fo
r
gr
ade
s.
“
There is a hug
e
value in learning with
ins
tan
t
feedb
ack,
”
Dr.
Ag
arwa
l
said
.
“Studen
ts a
re
te
lli
ng u
s
the
y learn
m
uch
b
ett
er with instant
feedback.
”
E)
But
skeptics
(
怀
疑
者
)
th
e aut
oma
ted
sy
stem is n
o match
fo
r live teac
hers.
O
ne lo
ngtime
cri
tic , Le
s
Per
elman, h
as
drawn nat
ion
al
at
ten
tio
n
sev
er
al
ti
m
es for p
utting
t
ogether non
sen
se
essa
ys tha
t hav
e
foo
led s
oft
ware
gradi
ng
programs
into g
ivi
ng
h
igh m
ark
s. He
h
as a
lso been
hig
hly critical of stu
dies
cla
imi
ng th
at
th
e so
ftw
are
com
pares w
ell t
o
hum
a
n
graders.
F)
He
is
amon
g
a
grou
p
of
educato
rs
who
last
month
beg
an
circulating
a
petition
(
呼吁
)
opp
osing
a
utom
ate
d
asse
ssm
ent
s
oft
ware. The
gr
oup, whic
h calls
its
elf
P
rofession
als
Ag
ains
t
Mac
hin
e Scoring
o
f Stud
ent Essay
s
in
High
-St
ake
s
Ass
ess
men
t, has
co
lle
cted
n
ear
ly 2,0
00
sig
natures,
inc
lu
ding some from
f
amo
us pe
ople
li
ke Noa
m
Chom
sky.
5
2015
年
6
月大学英语四级考试真题
(
二
)
答案与详解
G)
“Let
’s
f
ac
e the
re
ali
tie
s of
aut
oma
ti
c
ess
ay scoring,
”
th
e gr
oup
’s
s
tate
ment rea
ds
in part.
“
Com
puters
ca
nnot
‘
read
’
.
They
ca
nnot
me
asu
re t
he ess
ent
ial
s
of e
ffe
ctive
written
co
mmu
nica
tion
:
a
ccu
rac
y,
re
aso
nin
g,
ad
equ
acy of
evid
ence
,
good s
ens
e,
ethical
(
伦
理
的
)
po
sit
ion,
co
nvincing
argu
men
t,
meanin
g
ful
o
rga
niz
ation,
an
d clari
ty,
am
ong
othe
rs.
H)
But EdX
exp
ect
s its
so
ftw
ar
e to
b
e adop
ted w
idely
by schoo
ls an
d
univ
ersities. It offe
rs free
onlin
e classes from
Harvar
d, MIT and the
Uni
ver
sit
y
of
Cali
fornia-
Berk
eley; th
is
f
all, it w
ill add
c
lasses fro
m
W
ell
esl
ey,
G
eorge
town
an
d
the
Univ
er
sit
y of
Te
xas. In a
ll, 1
2
u
nive
rsi
ties
p
artici
pate in
Ed
X, wh
ic
h
of
fers
ce
rti
ficates for
cou
rse
co
mp
leti
on
a
nd
has
s
aid t
hat
it
pl
ans
to
co
nti
nue
to
ex
pand
nex
t year,
in
clu
ding
add
ing i
nt
erna
tio
nal
sch
ools.
I)
The
E
dX
as
ses
sme
nt
to
ol
r
equ
ire
s
h
uman t
eachers, or
g
rad
er
s, to first
g
rade 10
0 essay
s
or essa
y que
stions.
T
he sys
tem
then
us
es a
v
ari
ety
of
ma
chi
ne-
le
ar
ning
te
chn
iqu
es to
train itself
to
be
able to gra
de
any
nu
mbe
r
o
f e
ssa
ys or
a
nsw
ers
auto
mat
ica
lly
a
nd al
mos
t
inst
ant
ly. The
so
ftw
are will
assig
n a grade depend
ing on
t
he sc
ori
ng
sys
tem
c
re
a
ted by
th
e
teac
he
r,
whe
the
r it i
s a
le
tte
r gr
ade
or
nume
rical
（
数
字
的
）
ran
k.
J)
EdX
i
s n
ot t
he
f
irs
t t
o
us
e th
e
auto
m
ated
as
sessment
tech
nol
ogy, which
date
s to
early
com
puter
s in the
196
0
s. The
re is
now a range of
c
omp
ani
es
of
fer
ing
commercial pr
ograms to
g
rad
e wri
tten
test an
swe
rs, an
d
four stat
es
—
Loui<
/p>
sia
na
,
Nort
h Dakota,
U
tah a
nd We
st Vi<
/p>
rgi
nia
—
are u
sin
g some form of
th
e tec
hnology in
sec
ond
ary
scho
ols. A fifth, Indiana,
has experi
men
ted
wi
th i
t. In
so
m
e
c
ases
th
e
so
ftware is
used as a
“seco
n
d
re
ader
,
” to
c
hec
k the
r
eliabi
lity o
f
t
he h
uman
graders.
K)
But the
gr
owi
ng inf
luence
of the Ed
X conso
rtium to set
stan
dar
ds is
lik
el
y to give the
te
ch
nolo
gy a
boo
st. On
Tues
day,
Stanfor
d
a
nno
unc
ed
tha
t i
t
w
oul
d work
wi
th EdX to
develop a
join
t educ
ationa
l
system tha
t w
ill
ma
ke use of th
e
auto
mat
ed
a
sse
ssm
ent
tec
hno
log
y.
L)
Two
sta
rt-ups,
Co
urs
era
an
d
U
da
cit
y,
re
cen
tly
fo
und
ed by
Stanfo
rd fac
ulty
me
mbe
rs to create
“massiv
e o
pen
onlin
e
cour
ses,
” or
MOO
Cs, ar
e also c
om
mitt
e
d to
au
tomated assessmen
t
sys
tems b
eca
use
o
f the va
lue o
f
inst
ant
feed
ba
ck.
“
It
all
ows
st
ude
nts
to
get
im
med
iat
e
fee
dba
ck
on their work, so
th
at lean
turn
s into
a
gam
e, wi
th
stu
den
ts nat
ural<
/p>
ly(
吸
引
)
to
war
d
res
ubm
itt
ing
th
e wo
rk unti
l
the
y get it
righ
t,
”
said
Dap
hne Rolle
r, a
comp
uter scient
ist
a
nd a found
er o
f
Courser
a.
M)
Last
y
ear t
he He
wlett
Fou
nd
atio
n, a
gran
t-making
organ
izatio
n set
u
p by
one of the
H
ewlett
- Pac
kard
fou
nde
rs and hi
s
wife,
s
pon
sor
ed
tw
o $$100,
000
p
riz
es aim
ed at
impr
ovi
ng
so
ftw
are
t
ha
t grad
es
essay
s and s
hor
t
ans
wers. More
t
ha
n
150 te
ams
ent
ere
d ea
ch
ca
teg
or
y. A
winne
r of o
ne o
f
the Hewlet
t con
tests,
Vi
k Par
uch
uri,
w
as h
ired by Ed
X
to hel
p
desi
gn it
s
as
ses
sme
nt s
oft
war
e.
N)
“
One of our
foc
use
s is to help
ki
ds l
earn ho
w to
think critically,
”
said Victor Vu
chic, a
prog
ram officer at th
e
Hewl
ett
Foun
dat
ion. “
I
t’s
p
rob
abl
y
imp
oss
i
ble to
d
o that with mul
tip
le
-cho
ice
t
ests. T
he
ch
alleng
e is th
at
th
is re
qui
res
hum
an
graders,
and s
o th
ey
co
st a
l
ot
mo
re
and t
hey
take
a lot
mor
e
time. ”
O)
Mark D. Sherm
is, a
pro
fe
sso
r at
th
e Univ
ers
ity
o
f Akron in Oh
io,
su
perv
ised the
H
ewlett
Found
at
ion
’s
cont
est o
n
automat
ed
ess
ay
s
cor
ing
an
d
wr
ote
a
paper
ab
out
the
exp
er
< br>ime
nt.
In
his
vi
ew,
th
e
t
e
ch
nol
ogy
—
< br>tho
ug
h
impe
rfe
ct
—
ha
s a pl
ace
in ed
uc
atio
n
al
se
tti
ngs.
P)
With in
cr
eas
ingl
y
lar
ge cla
sse
s, it
is impos
sib
le for
mo
st teach
ers to
g
ive stu
den
ts
mea
nin
gfu
l
fee
dback on
writ
in
g
assi
gnm
ent
s, he
said. Pl
us, he
not
ed,
criti
cs of
th
e tech
nology have
tende
d to come from th
e
nation’s best un
iver
sities
,
where
th
e le
vel o
f
te
ach
ing
is
mu
ch
bett
er
t
han
at mo
st
schoo
ls.
Q)
Ofte
n the
y come
f
rom v
ery
fa
mou
s
instit
uti
ons
wh
ere, in fact, th
ey do a
much b
ett
er job
o
f prov
iding
fe
edb
a
ck than a
mach
ine eve
r
cou
ld,
”
Dr. Sh
erm
is
s
aid. “ Th
er
e
seems to be a lack o
f
appre
cia
tio
n of
w
hat i
s actua
lly
g
oin
g
on in the
real
wor
ld.
”
46.
Some p
ro
fes
sio
nal
s in
educ
ati
on a
re
coll
ect
ing
sig
natures to
v
oice th
eir
o
pposition to
automa
ted
essay
gradin
g.
47.
Using so
ftw
are
t
o gr
ade
stu
den
ts’
es
says
sav
es teacher
s
tim
e fo
r other
w
ork.
48.
The
H
ewl
ett
con
tes
ts
ai
m at
i
mp
rovi
ng
es
say g
rad
ing
sof
tware.
49.
Thou
gh th
e
aut
om
ate
d
gradin
g sy
stem i
s
wid
ely used in mu
lti
< br>ple-c
hoic
e tests,
au
tom
ate
d essay
g
rad
i
ng is
still
crit
ici
zed
by m
any e
duc
ato
rs.
6
2015
年
6
月大学英语四级考试真题
(
二
)
答案与详解
50.
Some
p
eo
ple
d
on
’t
be
lie
ve th
e
so
ft
ware
gra
din
g
sy
stem can
do as
goo
d
a job a
s
hum
an
g
rad
ers.
51.
Crit
ics
of
autom
ate
d es
say
sco
rin
g
d
o not s
eem
to
kn
ow the tr
ue realities
in le
ss famou
s
un
ive
rsitie
s.
52.
Crit
ics
argue
m
any
i
mpo
rta
nt
a
spe
ct
s of
ef
fective writing cann
ot
b
e me
asured
by
co
mpu
te
r rating <
/p>
pro
gra
ms.
53.
As
cl
ass s
ize
gro
ws, mo
st
t
eac
her
s
a
re un
able to
g
ive stud
ent
s
valuable
c
omme
nts
as to
how t
o
im
pro
ve
th
eir
writing.
54.
The
a
uto
mat
ed
a
sse
ssm
ent t
ech
nol
o
gy
is s
ometim
es u
sed
to do
uble chec
k the
w
ork
of
hu
ma
n graders.
55.
Student
s find
in
sta
nt
f
eed
bac
k
hel
ps
impr
ove
their lear
nin
g co
n
sid
er
ably.
Section C
D
ire
cti
ons
：
There
are
2
passages
in
this
'Section.
Each
passage
is
followed
by
some
questions
or
unfinished
statements. For
each of them there are four choices marked A), B),
C) and
D)
.
You
should decide on
the best choice and
mark the corresponding letter on
Answer
Sheet 2
with a single line through the
centre.
Pass
age
One
Questio
ns 56
to
60
are
bas
ed
o
n the
foll
owi
ng
p
assage.
The
e
ndl
ess
de
bat
e
ab
out “wo
rk
-
l
ife
b
al
ance
’’ often con
tains
a ho
pefu
l
fo
otn
ote
ab
out stay
-at-
h
om
e
dad
s.
If
Amer
ic
an
s
oci
ety and
bu
sin
ess
wo
n
5
t
m
ake
it eas
ier on
fut
ure femal
e
leade
rs who
cho
ose
to hav
e
ch
ild
ren
, there
is st
ill th
e
ray
of h
ope tha
t
i
ncr
eas
ing
num
be
rs o
f
fu
ll-tim
e
f
ath
ers wil
l.
Bu
t bas
ed on
to
d
ay
’
s s<
/p>
ocioec
ono
mic
tren
ds, th
is
h
ope is,
unfo
rtu
nat
ely,
m
isguid
ed.
I
t’
s
t
ru
e tha
t the
num
ber o
f me
n
wh
o hav
e lef
t
wo
rk to d
o their
thin
g as full-ti
me
p
are
nts h
as
d
oubled in a
d
ecad
e, but
ifs
s
til
l very
sma
ll
：
o
nly
0
.
8
%
o
f marr
ied
co
upl
es w
here the
s
tay
-at-h
ome
father was ou
t of th
e
la
bor fo
rc
e
fo
r a y
ea
r.
Ev
en
that
perc
ent
ag
e is
li
kel
y
inf
lat
ed by men
th
rus
t int
o their
caretak
er ro
le by a
dow
nsi
zin
g.
Thi
s is sim
ply
n
ot
a large
eno
ugh
grou
p t
o
re
duc
e t
he
soc
ial
stigma
(
污
名
)an
d f
orce o
ther
adju
stm
ents
nece
ssa
ry to
sup
porting
men i
n
th
is
dec
isi
on,
e
ven
if
only
for a
rel
ati
vel
y sh
ort
t
ime.
Even
sho
rt
er
t
ime
s aw
ay
fro
m wo
r
k
for
working
f
ath
ers
are
al
ready difficu
lt. A
stu
dy f
oun
d
th
at 85% of n
e
w
fa
the
rs
take some
tim
e off aft
er
th
e bi
rth
o
f
a chil
d
—
b
ut fo
r all
b
ut a f
ew,
i
t
’
s a week
o
r two a
t mo
st.
Mea
nw
hil
e, the
av
erage for
wome
n wh
o
tak
e le
ave
is
mo
re t
han
10
wee
ks.
Such
choi
ce
s imp
act
who mov
es up in t
he
o
rganization. Wh
ile
you
’re aw
ay
,
so
meo
ne e
lse is
do
ing yo
ur wo
rk,
maki
ng your
sal
es, t
aki
ng
car
e of yo
ur
cu
sto
mers. Th
at
can
’t
h
elp you at
work. It c
an o
nly
hu
rt y
ou. Wo
men,
of co
ur
se,
fac
e
the
s
ame iss
ues of
ret
urn
ing aft
er a
l
ong a
bse
nce. But
with many m
ore wome
n
th
an m
en
cho
osin
g to
le
av
e the
wor
kforce
enti
rel
y to
rais
e fa
mil
ies,
ret
urn
ing
f
r
om an
e
xte
nded paren
tal
leave d
oesn’t raise as
m
any
eye
bro
ws
a
s it d
oes for
m
en.
Wome
n wou
ld
ma
ke mo
re if
t
he
y
didn'
t
break
th
eir earn
ing
trajectory
(
轨迹
）
by
leavi
ng th
e workforce,
o
r if
higher-
pay
ing
pro
fes
sio
ns
w
ere m
ore
f
ami
ly-
fr
ien
dly. In th
e
fo
res
eeable
futu
re, st
ay-
at
-ho
me fath
ers
m
ay ma
ke a
ll
the
diff
erenc
e
fo
r
in
div
idu
al
f
ami
lies, b
ut
th
eir pre
sen
ce
w
on
’t
redu
ce t
he
n
umbe
rs o
f
hi
gh-pot
ential
wom
en w
ho are
fo
rc
ed
t
o
choose
betw
een
fam
ily
a
nd
c
are
er.
56.
What
giv
es
wo
me
n a ray of
h
ope
to
achi
eve
wor
k-life
balance?
A)
More
men
t
aki
ng a
n
ex
ten
ded
p
ar
en
tal
leav
e.
B)
Peop
led
cha
ngi
ng
at
tit
udes
to
war
ds
fami
ly.
C)
More
wom
en
e
nte
rin
g
bus
ine
ss
m
anagemen
t.
D)
The i
mpr
ove
men
t of
t
hei
r so
cio
eco
nomi
c
st
atu
s.
57.
Why
d
oes t
he
a
uth
or s
ay
th
e ho
pe f
or
mo
re full
-time
fath
ers is
mi
sgui
de
d?
A)
Wome
n ar
e
be
tte
r at
t
aki
ng c
are
of
c
hild
ren.
B)
Many
men v
alu
e
wo
rk m
ore t
han
th
eir family.
C)
Thei
r number is
t
oo sm
al
l to
m
ake a
diff
erence.
D)
Not
m
any m
en h
ave
the c
han
ce
t
o s
tay at
hom
e.
58.
Why
d
o fe
w men
tak
e a lo
ng
p
are
nt
al
le
ave?
A)
A long
lea
ve
w
ill h
av
e a
ne
gat
ive
im
pact
on
th
eir
car
eer.
7
2015
年
6
月大学英语四级考试真题
(
二
)
答案与详解
B)
They
jus
t hav
e
to
o man
y re
spo
nsi
bil
ities to
f
ulf
ill
at
wo
rk.
C)
The
e
conomi
c los
s
wi
ll b
e too
muc
h
for
th
eir
fam
ily
to bear.
D)
They
are
lik
ely
t
o ge
t fir
ed
i
f ab
sen
t
f
rom work for too long.
59.
What
is th
e mo
st
li
kel
y
re
act
ion
to
men
r
etu
rni
ng
f
rom an ex
ten
ded
parenta
l
le
ave
?
A)
Jea
lou
sy.
B) Surpri
se.
60.
C)
Ad
mirati
on.
D)
Sy
mpa
thy.
What
doe
s the
aut
hor
say
a
bou
t hi
gh-
pot
ential
wom
en
in
the n
ot
-too-
dist
ant
f
utu
re?
A)
They
wil
l
ben
efi
t fr
om
t
he tr
en
d of
more
fat
hers
stayi
ng at
hom
e.
B)
They
wil
l fin
d
hi
gh-pay
ing p
rof<
/p>
es
si
ons a
b
it m
ore f
amily
-fr
ien
dly.
C)
They
are
unli
ke
ly to
b
re
ak
th
ei
r
car
e
er
tr
ajecto
ry to raise a
fam
ily.
D)
They
wil
l sti
ll
f
ace
the
d
iff
icu
lt
c
hoi
c
e
bet
ween career an
d
ch
ild
ren.
Pass
age
Two
Questio
ns 61
to
65
are
bas
ed
o
n the
foll
owi
ng
p
assage.
Some of
t
he
wor
ld
’
s most
s
ign
ifi
cant
prob
lem
s nev
er
hit h
ead
lin
es.
On
e exam
ple co
mes
f
rom ag
ric
ulture.
Food ri
ots
and
hunge
r make n
ews. But
t
he tre
nd lyin
g
behind th
ese matters is rarely
talk
ed ab
out.
Th
is is the
d
ecl
ine i
n the
gro
wth i
n
yiel
ds of som
e of
t
he
wo
rld
’
s
m
ajo
r crop
s. A
ne
w stu
dy by the
Univ
ersity of
Mi
nnesot
a and
McG
ill U
niv
ersity
in Montre
a
l
looks
at w
her
e, and how
far, t
his
dec
line
is
occur
rin
g.
The aut
hor
s
t
ake
a vas
t
n
umb
er of
d
ata poi
nts
fo
r the fou
r
m
ost
importa
nt
crop
s
:
ric
e,
wh
ea
t, co
m
a
nd
soyabeans (
大<
/p>
豆
)
.
The<
/p>
y find
th
at on
b
et
wee
n
2
4
% an
d
3
9% of all harvested areas,
t
he
impr
ove
men
t in
y
iel
ds tha
t
t
ook plac
e
b
efo
re
th
e
1980s slowed
dow
n in t
he
1
990s
an
d
2000
s.
Ther
e ar
e
tw
o wo
rry
ing
f
ea
tur
es of
t
he
sl
owd
own. One is
that it h
as
b
een
particu
larly
sh
arp in t
he
wo
rld
’s
m
o
st
(
人
口多的
）
c
oun
tri
es,
In
dia and Ch
in
a.
Thei
r abi
lit
y to
f
eed them
selves
h
as been an
i
mpo
rtant
so
urc
e of
r
ela
ti
ve
sta
bility
b
ot
h
within t
he
c
ountri
es a
nd on
wor
ld f
ood
m
ark
ets. That self-
sufficien
cy canno
t be
tak
en for g
ran
ted
if yi
eld
s
continu
e to slo
w
down
or
re
ve
rse.
Seco
nd, yie
ld
gr
owt
h has be
en
lo
wer in w
heat and rice
th
an in co
m
and
soya
be
ans. Th
is
is probl
ema
tic
beca
use
whea
t a
nd
ric
e a
re
m
or
e
im
por
tan
t as
f
ood
s,
ac
cou
nting for
ar
oun
d half of
a
ll calories
con
sum
ed. C
om
and
soy
abeans are
more
im
por
tan
t
a
s f
ee
d
g
rai
ns.
T
h
e
au
tho
rs not
e that
“
w
e
h
ave pr
ef
erent
ial
ly focuse
d
o
ur cro
p i
mprov
e
ment
efforts on
feeding
ani
mal
s
an
d car
s
ra
the
r th
an
on cr
ops t
hat
feed people and
are
the basis of food secu
rity
in
muc
h of the
world.
”
,
The r
eport
qu
ali
fi
es
th
e mo
re
op
tim
i
stic
find
ing
s of another new
p
ap
er whic
h
sug
ge
sts t
hat the
w
orl
d wil
l
n
ot hav
e to
dig u
p a lo
t
mo
re l
and for
far
min
g i
n
ord
er t
o fe
ed 9
b
illion peo
ple in
2
050, as the Food and
Agr
icu
ltu
re O
rgan
isa
tio
n has
argued.
Inst
ead, i
t says,
tha
nks t
o
slo
win
g
po
pula
tio
n
gro
wth, l
and
curr
en
tly
p
lou
ghed u
p
fo
r cro
ps might
b
e ab
le to
r
eve
rt
(
回
返
）
to
for
est
or
wi
lde
rne
ss.
Thi
s co
uld
hap
pen. The troub
le is that
the f
orec
ast
as
sum
es
con
tin
ued
im
pro
ve
ments
i
n y
ields,
whic
h ma
y not
act
ual
ly
h
app
en.
61.
What
doe
s the
aut
hor
try
t
o dr
aw
att
enti
on to
?
A) Fo
od ri
ots
and h
ung
er
i
n the
wor
l
d.
B) Ne
ws headlin
es
in
the l
ead
ing
m
edia.
C) Th
e
de
clin
e of
the
g
ra
in yield
gro
wth.
D) Th
e fo
od
su
ppl
y in
p
opu
lou
s
cou
ntri
es.
62.
Why
d
oes t
he
a
uth
or
m
ent
ion
I
ndi
a
and
C
hin
a in
p
articu
lar?
A)
Thei
r se
lf-
suf
fic
ien
cy
i
s vit
al t
o
th
e st
abil
ity
o
f wo
rld
foo
d
marke
ts.
B)
Thei
r fo
od
yi
eld
s ha
ve
b
egu
n to
d
ec
rease
sh
arp
ly in recen
t
years.
C)
Thei
r bi
g
pop
ula
tio
ns are
c
aus
ing
w
orld
wid
e
co
ncerns.
D)
Thei
r fo
od
se
lf-su
ffi
ciency
has b
een
taken
fo
r gr
anted.
63.
What
doe
s the
new
stu
dy by
the
t
w
o univ
ersities
say abou
t recen
t
cro
p impro
vem
ent
efforts?
A)
They
fai
l to
p
rod
uce
the
s
am
e
rem
ar
kable results as
bef
ore
the
1980
s.
B)
They
con
tri
but
e a
lo
t to t
he
i
mpr
ove
ment
of hu
man
foo
d pr
odu
ctio
n.
C)
They
pla
y a ma
jor
rol
e in g
uar
ant
eei
ng
th
e foo
d security
o
f th
e
wo
rld.
8
2015
年
6
月大学英语四级考试真题
(
二
)
答案与详解
D)
They
foc
us mo
re
o
n th
e inc
rease
o
f
animal feed
than hum
an f
ood
g
rains.
64.
What
doe
s the
Foo
d and
Agr
icu
ltu
r
e
Org
anisation s
ay
abou
t wo
rld food
prod
uct
ion in th
e
com
ing
dec
ade
s?
A)
The
g
row
ing
p
opu
lat
ion
wil
l
greatl
y
incr
ease
th
e pressu
re o
n
wo
rld food
supp
lies.
B)
The
o
pti
mis
tic
p
red
ict
ion
abo
ut
fo
od
prod
uction
shou
ld b
e viewed
wit
h
c
auti
on.
C)
The
wdo
wn
o
f th
e gro
wth
in yi
e
lds
o
f major f
ood
cro
ps will b
e
rev
ersed.
D)
The
w
orl
d wil
l be
abl
e to f
eed
its
p
o
pulatio
n
wit
hou
t
in
creasi
ng
f
arm
lan
d.
65.
How
d
oes t
he
a
uth
or vi
ew
t
he a
rgu
ment
of th
e Fo
od
an
d Ag
riculture
O
rgan
isa
tio
n?
A)
It is
b
uil
t on t
he
f
ind
ings
of a
n
ew s
tu
dy.
B)
It is
b
ase
d on a
dou
btf
ul as
sum
pti
on.
C)
It is
b
ack
ed b
y
str
ong
evi
den
ce.
D)
It is o
pen
to
fu
rth
er d
isc
uss
ion.
a
Part IV
minutes)
Translation
(30
D
ire
cti
ons
：
For this part, you are allowed 30
minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into
English. You should
write your answer
on
Answer Sheet 2.
据报道，今年中国快递服务（
c
ouri
< br>er s
erv
ices
)
将递送大约
120
亿件包裹。这将使中国有
可能超越美国成
为世界上最大的快递市场。大多数包裹里装着网上订购的物品。中国给数
百万在线零售商以极具竞
争力的
价格
销售商品的机会
。
仅在
11
月
11
日
，
中国消费者就从国内最大的购物平台购买了价值
90
亿美元的商品
。
中国有不少这样的特殊购物日。因此
,
快递业在中国扩展就不足为奇了。
9
2015
年
6
月大学英语四级考试真题
(
二
)
答案与详解
201
5
年
6
月大学英语六级考试真题
(
二
)
答案与详解<
/p>
Part
Ⅰ
Writing
审题思路
这是一篇
四级考试中常见的议论文。此次通过漫画所呈现出的话题
c
o<
/p>
m
p
u
t
e
r
(
电脑）是考生
日常生活中耳熟
能详的话题，因此写起来并不难。行文中
,
考生应将重点放在第二段阐述电脑与日常生活的关系上联系实际分析
可知，二者关系为：电脑为日常生活提供了便利，但不能完全占据人们的日常生活。
写作提纲
一
、
提
出
观
点<
/p>
：
电
脑
在
日
常
生
活
中
虽
然
重
要
但
并
非
必
不
可
少
(
a
n
i<
/p>
mp
o
r
t
a
n
t
b
u
t
n
ot
i<
/p>
n
d
i
sp
e
n
s
ab
l
e
r
o
le
)
一
、
论
证
< br>观
点
：
1
、
过
度
沉
迷
于
电
脑
对
我
们
的
健
康
不
利
（
e
x
e
r
< br>t
a
n
e
g
at
i
v
e
i
m
p
a
c
t
o
n
o
u
r
h
ea
l
t
h
)
2
、
过
度
使
用
电
脑
会
将
我
们
隔
离
在
社
交
圈<
/p>
之
外
（
i
s
o
la
t
e
u
s
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
s<
/p>
o
ci
a
l
c
i
rc
l
e
s
)
三
、
总
结
观
点
：
l
、
电
脑
确
实
改
善
了<
/p>
我
们
的
生
活
（
r
e
a
l
l
y
p
ro
m
< br>o
te
o
u
r
li
f
e
)
2
、
不
应
该
在
电
脑
上
花
费
过
多
的
时
间
而
舍
弃
享<
/p>
受
美
好
的
生
活
（
s
ho
u
l
d
n
o
t
s
p
e
n
d
t
oo
m<
/p>
u
c
h
t
i
m
e
o
n
i
t
a
t
th
e
e<
/p>
x
p
en
s
e
o
f
s
a<
/p>
v
o
r
i
ng
o
u
r
go
o
d
<
/p>
l
i
fe
)
范文点评
10
2015
年
6
月大学英语四级考试真题
(
二<
/p>
)
答案与详解
高分范文
精彩点评
①
对漫画进行描述
:
一天当中人们无时无
刻不在使用
电脑。
T
h
is
<
/p>
M
o
d
e
rn
L
i
f
e
②
揭示漫画隐含的信息：电脑现在深
深地渗透到我们
①
I
n
t
h
e
p
ic
t
u
r
e
i
s
a
p
e
r
s
o
n
u
si
n
g
h
i
s
c
o
m
p
u
t
er
a
l
l
d
a
y
,
wh
e
t
h
e
r
h
e
i
s
a
t
w
o<
/p>
r
k
,
a
t
h
om
e
,
p
la
y
i
n
g
o
r
i
n
h
i
s
sl
e
e
p
.
②
T
h
is
<
/p>
d
r
a
wi
n
g
v
iv
i
d
l
y
的日常生活中。
③
使用
fr
o
m
m
y
p
e
r
s
p
ec
t
i
v
e
提出观点
：
电脑在日常
生
<
/p>
活
d
e
pi
c
t
s
a
c
o
mm
o
n
ph
e
n
o
m
e
no
n
t
ha
t
<
/p>
co
m
p
u
te
r
s
no
w
a
d
a
y
s
d
e
e
pl
y
p
en
e
t
r
a
t
e
i
n
t
o
o
u
r
d
a
i
l
y
l
i
f
e
a
n
d
w
e
c
a
n
n
o
t
d
o
w
i
t
h
o
ut
i
t
e
v
e
n
f
o
r
a
m
i
n<
/p>
u
t
e.
③
H
o
w
e
v
er
,
中虽然重要但并非必不可少。
④
承上启下，论证观点。
f
r
om
m
y
p
er
s
p
e
c
t
iv
e
,
c
o
mp
u
t
e
r
s
p
l
a
y
a
n
i
m<
/p>
p
o
r
ta
n
t
b
u
t
n
o
t
i
nd
i
s
p
e
ns
a
b
l
e
r
o
le
i
n
o
ur
m<
/p>
o
d
e
m
l
i
f
e
.
⑤⑥使用
t
o
s
t
ar
t<
/p>
w
i
t
h
和
f
u
r
t
he
r
m
o
r
e
< br>,
从两个方面展开论
证，层次分明。
⑦⑧使用
i
n
c
o
n
c
lu
s
i
o
n
和
n
e
v
e
rt
h
e
l
e
s
< br>s
总结观点并提出建
议
。
加分亮点
④
I
t
i
s
t
r
u
e
t
h
a
t <
/p>
c
o
m
p
u
te
r
s
m
a
k
e
o
u
r
l
i
f
e <
/p>
c
o
n
v
en
i
e
n
t
a
n
d
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
i
n
st
a
n
t
a
s
s
i
st
a
n
c
e
.
B
u
t
i
t
i
s
n
o
t
a
n
e
c
es
s
i
t
y
.
⑤
T
o
s
t
ar
t
< br>
w
i
t
h
,
e
x
c
e
ss
i<
/p>
v
e
a
d
di
c
t
i
o
n
t
o
c
o
mp
u
t
e
r
s
m
a
y
e
xe
r
t
a
n
e
g
at
i
v
e
i
< br>mp
a
c
t
on
o
u
r
h
e
a
l
t
h
.
I
n
s
t
e
a
d
o
f
t
a
ki
n
g
e
x
e
r
c
i
se
i
n
o
u
r
s
p
a
r
e
t
i
m
e
,
w
e
m
a
y
b
e
i
n
t
ri
g
u
e
d
b
y
t
h
e
v
a
r
io
u
s
c
o
nt
e
n
t
s
o
n
i
t
.
⑥
F
u
r
t
he
r
m
o
r
e
,
i
nd
u
l
g
in
g
i
n
c
o
m
p
u
te
r
s
m
a
y
i
s
o
la
t
e
u
s
f
r
o
m
p
e
ne
t
r
a
t
e
i
n
t
o
渗入，渗透
；
t
h
e
s<
/p>
oc
i
a
l
c
i
r
cl
e
s
.
S
i
n
c
e
w
e
c
an
c
h
a
t
w
it
h
t
h
e
v
i
r
t
u
al<
/p>
f
r
i
e
n
d
s
v
i
a
c<
/p>
o
mp
u
t
e
r
s
,
w
e
m
ay
n
o
t
b
o
t
h
e
r
t
o
c
o
mm
u
n
ic
a
t
e
w
it
h
<
/p>
f
a
mi
l
i
e
s
or
M
e<
/p>
n
ds
a
r
o
u
n
d
f
r
om
<
/p>
o
n
e
’
s
p
e
r
sp
e
c
t
i
v
e
在某人看来；
u
s
.
i
n
di
s
p
e
n
s
ab
l
e
必不可少的；<
/p>
⑦
I
n
c
o
n
c
l
u
si
o
n
,
a
s
t
h
e
p
r
o
du
c
t
o
f
t
h
e
h
i
g
h
t
ec
h
n
o
l
o
gy
,
c
< br>o
m
p
ut
e
r
r
e
al
l
y
p
ro
m
o<
/p>
t
e
s
o
u
r
l
i
f
e
.
⑧
N
e
ve
r
t
h
e
le
s
< br>s
,
we
s
h<
/p>
ou
l
d
n
ot
s<
/p>
p
e
nd
t
o
o
m<
/p>
u
c
h
i
n
s
t
a
nt
a
s
s
i
st
a
n
c
e
及时帮助
；
t
i
me
o
n
i
t
a
t
t
h
e
e<
/p>
x
p
e
n
se
o
f
s
av
o
r
i
n
g
o
u
r
g
o
od
<
/p>
l
i
f
e
.
n
e
ce
s
s
i
t
y
必需品；
b
e
i
n<
/p>
t
r
i
g
ue
d
b
y
.
对
…
着迷；
享受，欣赏
11