尝试的英文-seaway
南昌大学
外
文
翻
译
题目:
南昌教育局机关办公楼
院(系)
建筑工程
专
业
土木工程
班
级
091
姓
名
刘强
学
号
导
师
熊进刚
2012
年
3
月
7
日
Building
construction concrete crack of
prevention and processing
Abstract
The
crack
problem
of
concrete
is
a
widespread
existence
but
again
difficult in solve of engineering
actual problem, this text carried on a study
analysis to a little bit familiar crack
problem in the concrete engineering,
and
aim
at
concrete
the
circumstance
put
forward
some
prevention,
processing
measure.
Keyword:Concrete
crack prevention processing
Foreword
Concrete's
ising 1 kind is anticipate by the freestone bone,
cement, water
and
other
mixture
but
formation
of
the
in
addition
material
of
quality
brittleness
not
and
all
e
the
concrete
construction
transform
with
oneself,
control
etc.
a
series
problem,
model
of
in
the
concrete existence
numerous tiny
and a little
bit other use function not a
creation
to
after
the
concrete
be
subjected
to
lotus
carry,
difference
in
temperature
etc.
function,
tiny
crack
would
continuously
of
expand
with
connect,
end
formation
we
can
see
without
the
aid
of
instruments
of
macro
view
the
crack
be
also
the
crack
that
the
concrete
often say in the engineering.
Concrete
building
and
Gou
piece
usually
all
take
sewer
to
make
of,
because
of crack of existence and development usually make
inner part of
reinforcing
bar
etc.
material
creation
decay,
lower
reinforced
concrete
material
of
loading
ability,
durable
and
anti-
Shen
ability,
influence
building
of
external
appearance,
service
life,
severity
will
threat
arrive
people's
life
and
property
safety.A
lot
of
all
of
crash
of
engineerings
is
because
of
the
unsteady
development
of
the
crack
with
the
result
age
science
research
with
a
great
deal
of
of
the
concrete
engineering practice certificate, in
the concrete engineering crack problem
is ineluctable, also acceptable in
certainly of the scope just
need to
adopt
valid
of
measure
will
it
endanger
degree
control
at
certain
of
scope
reinforced
concrete
norm
is
also
explicit
provision:Some
structure
at
place
of
dissimilarity
under
the
condition
allow
existence
certain
the
crack
of
at
under
construction
should
as
far
as
possible adopt a valid
measure control crack creation, make the structure
don't appear crack possibly or as far
as possible decrease crack of amount
and width, particularly want to as far
as possible avoid
of the
reason be a
lot
of
and
,
the
asymmetry
sink
to
sink
etc.
reason
cause
of
crack;Have
outside carry the
crack that the function cause;Protected
environment not
appropriate the crack
etc. caused with chemical differentiation
to
treat
in
the
actual
engineering,
work°
out
a
problem
according
to
the
actual
circumstance.
In the concrete engineering the
familiar crack and the prevention
Suo crack and prevention
Stem the Suo
crack much appear after the concrete protect be
over of a
period of time or concrete
sprinkle to build to complete behind of around a
the
cement
syrup
stem
Suo,
and
this
kind
of
constringency
is
can't
Suo
crack
of
the
creation
be
main
is
because
of
concrete
inside
outside
of
influence,
surface
more
big
pull
should
dint
but
creation
relative
.Stem
the
Suo
crack
is
much
surface
parallel
lines
form
or
the
net
shallow
thin
crack,
width
many
between
0.05-0.2
mm,
the
flat
surface
part
much
see
in
the
big
physical
volume
concrete and follow
it more in thinner beam plank short to
Suo crack usually the anti- Shen of
influence concrete, cause the durable of
the rust eclipse influence concrete of
reinforcing bar, under the function of
the
water
pressure
dint
would
creation
the
water
power
split
crack
influence concrete of loading dint
etc..Concrete stem the Suo be main with
water ash of the concrete
ratio,
the dosage of the
composition, cement of
cement, gather
to anticipate of the dosage of the property and
dosage, in
addition etc. relevant.
Main
prevention
measure:While
being
to
choose
to
use
the
constringency
quantity
smaller
cement,
general
low
the
adoption,
lower
the
dosage
of
is
a
concrete
of
stem
the
Suo
be
subjected
to
water ash ratio of influence more big,
water ash ratio more big, stem Suo
more
big,
so
in
the
concrete
match
the
ratio
the
design
should
as
far
as
possible control good water ash ratio
of choose to use, the Chan add in the
meantime accommodation of reduce is
strict control concrete
mix
blend
with
under
construction
of
match
ratio,
use
of
concrete
water
quantity
absolute
can't
big
in
match
ratio
design
give
settle
of
use
water
is
the
earlier
period
which
strengthen
concrete
to
protect,
and
appropriate
extension
protect
of
concrete
construction
want to be
appropriate extension concrete
to overlay time, and Tu2 Shua
protect
to
is
a
constitution
the
accommodation
is
in
the
concrete structure of the constringency
sew.
Su
constringency crack and prevention
Su constringency is the
concrete is
before condense, surface
because of
lose
water
quicker
but
creation
of
Su
constringency
crack is general at dry
the center breadth, both ends be in the
centerthin
and
the
length
be
different,
with
each
other
not
coherent
r
crack
general
long
20-30
cm,
the
longer
crack
can
reach
to
a
2-3
m,
breadth
1-5
creation
of
main
reason
is:The
concrete
is
eventually
almost
in
the
capillary
creation
bigger
negative
press
but make a
concrete physical
volume sharply
constringency, but at
this
time
the
strength
of
concrete
again
can't
resist
its
constringency,
therefore
creation
influence
concrete
Su
constringency
open
the main factor of
crack to
prevention
measure:One is choose to use stem
the
Suo value smaller
the Huo
sour brine is strict the control
water
ash ratio, the Chan add to efficiently reduce
water to increment the
collapse of
concrete fall a degree and with easy, decrease
cement and water
of
is
to
sprinkle
before
building
concrete,
water
basic
level
and
template even to soak is in time to overlay the
perhaps
damp
grass
mat
of
the
plastics
thin
film,
protect
in
the
concrete
is in the
and block breeze facilities, protect in
time.
to sink
crack and prevention
The
creation
which
sink
to
sink
crack
is
because
of
the
structure
foundation
soil
quality
not
and
evenly,
loose
soft
or
return
to
fill
soil
dishonest or soak in water but result
in the asymmetry sink to decline with
the
result
that;Perhaps
because
of
template
just
degree
shortage,
the
template propped up to
once be apart from
big
or
prop up bottom loose
move etc. to
cause, especially at winter, the template prop up
at jelly soil up,
jelly the soil turn
jelly empress creation asymmetry to sink to
decline and
cause concrete structure
creation kind crack many is deep enter
or
pierce
through
sex
crack,
it
alignment
development,
bigger
sink
to
sink
crack,
usually
of
wrong,
crack
width
usually
with
sink
to
decline
quantity
direct
proportion
width
under
the
influence
of
temperature variety foundation after
transform stability sink
to sink crack
also basic tend in stability.
Main
prevention
measure:One
is
rightness
loose
soft
soil,
return
to
fill
soil
foundation
a
construction
at
the
upper
part
structure
front
should
carry
on
necessity
of
Hang
solid
with
is
the
strength
that
assurance template is
enough and just degree, and prop up firm, and make
the
foundation
be
subjected
to
dint
is
keep
concrete
from
sprinkle
infusing
the
foundation
in
the
process
is
soak
by
is
time that template tore
down to can't be too early, and want to notice to
dismantle a mold order of is at jelly
soil top take to establish
template to
notice to adopt certain of prevention measure.
ature crack and
prevention
Temperature crack much the occurrence
is in big surface or difference
in
temperature variety of the physical volume
concrete compare the earth
area of the
concrete te after sprinkling to build, in the
a
creation a
great deal of of water turn
the
kgm 3, each
sign square the
rice concrete will
release a calories of
kJ
and make concrete internal thus
the
temperature
rise
to
reach
to
70
℃
or
so
even
inside
outside
of
bigger
difference
in
temperature,
the
bigger
difference
in
temperature
result
in
inner
part
and
exterior
certain
of
pull
should
pull
should
dint
exceed
the
anti-
of
concrete
pull
strength
extreme
limit,
concrete
surface
meeting
creation
crack,
this
kind
of
crack
much
occurrence after the concrete under
construction the concrete of
under
construction be difference in temperature variety
more big, perhaps
is a concrete to be
subjected to assault of cold wave etc., will cause
concrete
surface
the
temperature
sharply
descend,
but
creation
constringency,
surface constringency of the concrete
be subjected to inner part concrete of
control, creation very big of pull
should dint but creation crack, this kind
of
crack
usually
just
in
more
shallow
scope
of
the
concrete
surface
creation.
The alignment
of the temperature crack usually none settle
regulation,
big
area
structure
the
crack
often
maneuver
interleave;The
size
bigger
structure of the beam plank length, the
crack run parallel with short side
more;Thorough with pierce through sex
of temperature crack general and
short
side direction parallelism or close parallelism,
crack along long side
cent the segment
appear, in the center more width the size
be different, be subjected to
temperature variety influence more obvious,
winter compare breadth,
summer more concrete temperature
crack
that the
cause is usually
in the center the thick both ends be thin,
but cold Suo crack of thick thin
variety not too emergence of
the
this
kind
crack
will
cause
the
rust
eclipse
of
reinforcing
bar,
the
carbonization of
concrete, the anti- jelly which lower concrete
melt,
anti-
tired
and anti- Shen ability etc..
Main
prevention
measure:One
is
as
far
as
possible
choose
to
use
low
the 450 kgm
3 is to lower water ash ratio, water ash of the
general
concrete
ratio
control
below
is
improvement
the
bone
anticipate class to go
together with, the Chan add powder ash from stove
or efficiently reduce water etc. to
come to reduce cement dosage and lower
water
to
turn
improvement
concrete
of
mix
blend
to
process
a
craft,
lower
sprinkle of concrete to build is the in addition
that
the Chan add a
in the concrete, improvement the
concrete mix to match a
thing of
mobility, protect water, lower water to turn
is the
sprinkle to
build can the
adoption take to establish to
plank etc. assistance measure
control concrete of Wen Sheng, lower to
sprinkle temperature of build the
is
the
temperature
of
big
physical
volume
concrete
should
the
dint
relate
to
structure
size,
concrete
structure
size
more
big,
temperature
should
dint
more
big,
so
want
reasonable
arrangement
construction
work
preface,
layering,
cent
the
piece
sprinkle
to
build,
for
the
convenience
of
in
spread
of
the
physical
volume
concrete
cool
off
piping,
cold
water
perhaps
cold
air
cool
off,
let
up
concrete
of
inside
outside difference in
is the supervision which strengthen
concrete temperature, adopt to cool off
in time, protection measure.11 is to
reserve temperature constringency to
sew.12 is to let up to control, sprinkle
proper before building concrete in the
Ji rock and old concrete top build a
5
mm or so sand mat a layer or usage asphalt etc.
material Tu2 Shua.13 is
to
strengthen
concrete
to
protect,
the
concrete
after
sprinkle
build
use
moist grass Lian in
time,
sprinkle water to
protect, appropriate extension
protect
time, assurance the concrete surface be slow-
moving cool the
cold
season,
concrete
surface
should
constitution
measure,
in
order
to
prevent
cold
wave
assault.14
is
the
allocation
be
a
little
amount
in
the
concrete
of
reinforcing
bar
perhaps
add
fiber
material
concrete
of
temperature crack control
at certain of scope inside.
and
prevention that the chemical reaction cause
Alkali bone's
anticipating the crack that reaction crack and
reinforcing
bar
rust
eclipse
cause
is
the
most
familiar
in
the
reinforced
concrete
structure of
because of chemical reaction but cause of crack.
The
concrete
blend
a
future
reunion
creation
some
alkalescence
ion,
these ion with some activity the bone
anticipate creation chemical reaction
and absorb surroundings environment in
of water but the physical volume
enlarge,
make
concrete
crisp
loose,
inflation
open
this
kind
of
crack
general
emergence
concrete
structure
usage
period,
once
appear
very
difficult remediable, so should at under
construction adopt valid the
measure
carry on of prevention measure:While being to
choose to anticipate with the alkali
activity small freestone is the
in
addition
which
choose
to
use
low
lye
mire
with
low
alkali
or
which
choose to use accommodation with
anticipate to repress an alkali bone to
anticipate reaction.
Because
the
concrete
sprinkle
to
build,
flap
Dao
bad
perhaps
is
a
reinforcing bar protection
layer thinner, the
rust
eclipse, the reinforcing
bar physical
volume of the rust eclipse inflation, cause
concrete bulge crack,
the crack of this
kind type much is a crack lengthways, follow the
position
of reinforcing bar y of
prevent measure from
the
thickness
of the is a concrete class
to go together with to want
is
a
concrete
to
sprinkle
to
note
and
flap
Dao
airtight
is
a
reinforcing bar surface
layer Tu2 Shua antisepsis coating.
Crack processing
The emergence of the crack
not only would influence structure of whole
with
just
degree,
return
will
cause
the
rust
eclipse
of
reinforcing
bar,
acceleration concrete
of carbonization, lower durable and anti- of
concrete
tired, anti- Shen ore
according to the property of crack and
concrete circumstance we want
differentiation to treat, in time processing,
with assurance building of safety
usage.
The
repair measure of the concrete crack is main to
sew method, the
structure
reinforce
a
method,
concrete
displacement
method,
electricity
chemistry protection method and imitate
to living from
be
applicable to
stability and to
structure loading the ability don't
crack daubery cement
syrup,
the wreath oxygen gum mire or at concrete surface
Tu2 Shua paint,
asphalt
etc.
antisepsis
material,
at
protection
of
in
the
meantime
for
keeping concrete from
continue under the influence of various function
to
open
crack,
usually
can
adoption
the
surface
in
crack
glue
to
stick
glass
fiber cloth etc.
measure.
1,
infuse syrup, the Qian sew method
尝试的英文-seaway
尝试的英文-seaway
尝试的英文-seaway
尝试的英文-seaway
尝试的英文-seaway
尝试的英文-seaway
尝试的英文-seaway
尝试的英文-seaway
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