1184英语专业本科生综合教程第一册unit 1词汇复习

Unit 1

Never Say Goodbye

Paragraphs 1-4

Words and Expressions

1. confront:

vt

.

1) be faced with and have to deal with

.

The actress was confronted by a large group of reporters as she left the stage door.

Whenever we are confronted with any difficulti

es, we shouldn’t give up what we are doing.

2) force to deal with or accept the truths of; bring face to face with

.

When the police confronted her with the evidence, she confessed she was guilty.

Collocations:

be confronted with

confront sb. with sth.

Synonyms:

encounter, face

2.

anguish

:

n.

very great pain and suffering,

esp

. of the mind

.

Lear, a broken, confused old man, died in anguish.

李尔王，这位身心交瘁、精神恍惚的老人在痛苦中死去。

Derivations:

anguished:

adj

.

anguish:

vt

.

Synonyms:

pain, suffering

3. gracefully

:

adv

.

in an attractively and effortlessly fine and smooth manner

.

Already in her fifties, she danced gracefully on the stage last night, attracting a large audience.

The figure skater glided gracefully on the ice.

花样滑冰者在冰上优雅地滑行。

in a way that shows willingness to behave fairly and honorably

.

The request was gracefully refused.

这个请求被有礼貌地回绝了。

Derivations:

graceful:

adj

.

grace

n

.

Comparison:

gracious, graceful

graceful:

moving in a smooth and attractive way, or having an attractive shape or form

gracious:

behaving in a polite, kind, and generous way, especially to people of a lower rank.

Thank you for your__________ hospitality. (gracious)

The lady of small waist is elegant and _______.( graceful)

4.

touch

:

vt.& vi.

1)

put one’s hand onto sth. or sb.

else

.

Visitors are requested not to

touch the paintings.

2)

have an effect on one’s feelings; cause one to feel pity, sympathy, etc.

.

Her plight has touched the hearts of people around the world.

她所处的困境牵动着全世界人民的心。

The environmental problems touch us all.

这些环境问题与我们所有人都有关。

Collocation:

be touched with

.

Her hair is touched with grey.

他有些灰发了。

Derivations:

touched:

adj

.

touching:

adj

.

5.

shudder

:

vi

. shake uncontrollably for a moment,

esp

. from fear, cold, or dislike

shudder at/with

She shuddered at the sight of the dead body.

她一看到那具尸体就不寒而栗。

Comparison:

shudder, shake

shudder

:

vi

. It suggests a more intense shaking,which is less noticeable to an onlooker.

shake

:

vt

.&

vi

. It suggests sth. that is done to as well as by a person or object.

People still ______ at the thought of that terrible earthquake. (shudder)

The tree branches were _______ in that sudden gust of wind. (shaking)

6.

well

:

vi

. flow or start to flow (outflow)

.

Strong emotions welled up.

Collocation:

well out/up/forth

She was so moved that her tears welled out(up/forth) from her eyes.

她感动得泪如泉涌。

7. rest on/upon

lean on; to be supported by

.

She sat down and rested her feet on the chair.

(

esp

. of a proof, argument, etc.) be based on; be grounded on; depend on

.

His hopes rest on the leader.

他的希望全寄托在领导者的身上。

.

Our policy should rest on the basis of self-reliance.

我们的政策要建立在自力更生的基础之上。

8.

through

:

prep.

(1) in at one side, end, or surface of something and out at the other

.

We couldn

’

t see through the mist.

Is it quicker to drive straight through the center

(2) among or between the parts or members of

.

The monkeys swung through the trees.

I searched through my papers for the missing documents.

9.

stare

:

vi

.

(1) look steadily for a long time, . in great surprise or shock

.

The child stared the stranger up and down.

这个孩子上上下下地打量着这个陌生人。

He was staring, thinking.

(2) be very plain to see; be obvious

.

The lies in the report stared out at us from every paragraph.

Collocations:

stare sb. down/out

盯得某人局促不安

stare sb. into silence

瞪得某人哑口无言

stare sb. up and down

上下打量某人

stare sb. in the face

近在眼前

Sentences

My

whole

life,

brief as

it

was,

had

been

spent

in

that big

old

house,

gracefully

touched

with

the

laughter and tears of four generations. (Paragraph 1)

Paraphrase

:

I

spent

my

whole

life,

although

it

was

so

brief,

in

that

big

old

house,

in

which

four

generations of our family had lived harmoniously and experienced both happiness and sadness.

Explanation

:

“brief

as

it

was”

In

a

formal

style,

as

can

be

used

in

a

special

word

order

to

mean

although

. The construction suggests a very emphatic contrast.

Frosty as it was

, they still went out. (Although it was very extremely cold, they still went out.)

Bravely as they fought

, they had no chance of winning. (Although they fought so bravely, they had no

chance of winning.)

Translation

:

我这一辈 子都是在这的旧大宅子中度过的，尽管生命非常短暂，我却深深地体会到

了一家四代人的 欢笑与泪水。

I felt a hand rest on my shoulder. (Paragraph 2)

Explanation

: The word

feel

can be followed by the “object + infinitive (without

to

)” structure.

Did you

feel

the earth move

He

felt

her hand tense up in his.

Translation

:

我感到有只手搭在我的肩上。

Paragraphs 5-13

Words and Expressions

10. pick

:

vt

.

vi.

1) take what one likes or considers best, or most suitable from a group

.

One of my sisters has been picked for the Olympic team.

The police asked him if he could pick (out) the killer from a series of photos.

2) gather; pull or break off (part of a plant) from a tree or plant

.

Machines pick the fruit from/off the trees.

They spent the summer picking strawberries.

3) take up or remove sth. separately or bit by bit using the fingers, a beak, a pointed instrument, etc.

.

He was on his knees picking crumbs off the carpet.

Comparison:

choose, select, pick

choose

: It stresses a choice of the best suited between or among things under consideration, which is

the result of one's judgment.

.

She said she had chosen the skirt because its color was just right for the season.

select

: It stresses a choice of sth. best to one's liking or desire among many things present through

careful examination and discrimination, with a view to a given purpose.

.

You may select

whatever you like as the birthday gift.

pick

: It is an informal word and a synonym to

select

.

.

Mary picked a red skirt because she liked red.

Exercise : Choose the proper word to fill each blank in the following sentences.

choose

select

pick

(1) I ________ a piece of fluff off my shiny black suit. (picked)

(2) After careful comparison, Beijing was ________ as the city where the 2008 Olympic Games were

to be held. (selected)

(3)

Mr.

Johnson

was__________

to

participate

in

the

project

because

of

his

being

a

fully

qualified

engineer. ( chosen )

hoarse

adj.

(of a voice) rough-sounding, as though the surface of the throat is rougher than usual, .

when the speaker has a sore throat

.

You'll make yourself hoarse if you keep shouting like that!

evil

1)

n.

a great wickedness or misfortune

.

Drug-addiction is one of today's great social evils.

There's always a conflict between good and evil in his plays.

2)

adj.

immoral, cruel, or very unpleasant

.

It's a battle against the country's most evil terrorists.

Synonyms:

corrupt, vicious, wicked, malicious

Antonyms:

good, honest, moral, sinless

tiny

adj.

extremely small; very small

.

Though she was tiny, she had a very loud voice.

Synonyms:

mini, small, little, puny, slight

Antonyms: