价值观的英文上海市黄浦区2021届高三英语一模试卷

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and

grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of

the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Consider the Mechanical Pencil

If you used to collect small objects. I'm sure (if you were anything like my younger self) that

you used to collect mechanical pencils.

In one of the math preparatory classes I (21) ________ (go) to in elementary and middle school,

we used to receive mechanical pencils as prizes for doing well on the in-class exams or answering

questions in class. This was (22) ________ I built up my collection of Cadoozles, which are short

mechanical pencils decorated with brightly colored spaceships and ice cream bars. But I've long

since used up all my Cadoozles and a majority of the mechanical pencils that I (23) ________ (hide)

in an empty moon-cake tin so many years before, which makes me reflect fondly back on those old

days, when receiving a mechanical pencil was as easy as drinking a glass of water.

Mechanical pencils are not only more convenient than your traditional Ticonderoga in the sense

that they never need (24) ________ (sharpen); they also produce thinner, cleaner lines, which is

extremely important for drawers and drafters. Furthermore, they are environmentally friendly, since

you don't have to buy (25) ________ wooden pencil whenever you run out of lead

（铅芯）

. You

can simply refill your mechanical pencil. There is only one slight negative I must remark on, (26)

________ is that as someone who calls mechanical pencils

term

is confusing. Mechanical pencil lead is actually not

made from

the chemical

element lead. It is made from a mixture of graphite and clay, which (27) ________ not give you lead

poisoning. This is contrary to what my third-grade teacher said when she saw my classmate John

clicking his mechanical pencil against his index finger out of boredom:

going to get lead poisoning!

much (28) ________ (safe) if they knew what really made up the pencils they use every day.

It used to be so easy to grab a mechanical pencil whenever I needed one, but (29) ________

________

the

moon-cake

tin

has

become

increasingly

lighter,

I

have

learned

to

appreciate

my

writing

instruments

more.

Perhaps

I

should

have

collected

a

few

more

Cadoozles

when

I

was

younger; perhaps I should have appreciated the feeling of holding up the moon- cake tin when it was

three-quarters full, hoping that three would always be a new pencil for me (30) ________ (use)

tomorrow.

Section B

Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be

used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. threatened

B. designed

C. preferences

D. typically

E. experimental

F. theoretical

G. abandoned

H. instruments

I. constantly

J. extensive

K. persuasive

Science Isn't Always Perfect -- But We Should Still Trust It

From environment pollution to climate change, we make decisions every day that involve us

in scientific claims. Are genetically modified crops safe to eat? Is climate change an emergency? In

recent years, many of these issues have become politically polarized, with people rejecting scientific

evidence that is opposite their political __31__. When Greta Thunberg, the youthful climate activist,

was asked by one member why we should trust the science, she replied,

For several decades, there has been a(n) __32__ and organized campaign intended to produce

distrust in science, funded by regulated industries and libertarian think-tanks whose interests and

beliefs are __33__ by the findings of modern science. In response, scientists have tended to stress

the success of science. After all, scientists have been right about most things, from the structure of

the universe to the relativity of time and space.

That answer isn't wrong, but for many people it's not __34__. After all, just because scientists

more than 400 years ago were right about the structure of the solar system doesn't prove that a

different group of scientists are right about a different issue today.

An alternative answer to the question -- Why trust science? -- is that scientists use

method.

that answer in it. But this answer is wrong. But what is __35__ declared to be the scientific method

-- develop a hypothesis

（假设）

, then design an experiment to test it -- isn't what scientists actually

do. Historians of science have shown that scientists use many different methods, and these methods

have changed with time. Science __36__ changes: new methods get invented, old ones get __37__,

and any particular point in time scientists can be found doing many different things. And that's a

good thing, because the so-called scientific method doesn't work. False theories can produce true

results, so even if an experiment works, it doesn't prove the theory that was __38__ to test it is true.

There also might be many different theories that could produce that same __39__ result. On the

contrary, if the experiment fails, it doesn't prove the theory is wrong: it could be that the experiment

was badly conducted or there was a fault in one of the __40__.

III. Reading Comprehensions

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four words or phrases marked A, B,

C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Travelling, at least travelling any considerable distance, means dealing with airports. I've

seen my share of airports. They come in several __41__. The smallest I have been through was in

the African town of Hoedspruit where the main waiting area was smaller than many school

classrooms, security and ticket checking were both __42__ by one person who was also

controlling the gate onto the airfield and you had to walk out to the plane and climb the stairs to

get in. It was even smaller than Canada's Moncton airport where the person taking the tickets was

also one of the two __43__ on our flight.

At the other extreme are the __44__, modern airports in the world's major cities. LAX, in Los

Angeles has two parallel runways and provides the unusual opportunity to watch out the window

of your landing aircraft as another one lands right beside you. Some, such as Beijing's Capital

International Airport, SeaTac in Seattle and the International Airport in San Francisco, like those

in Hong Kong and Shanghai, have __45__ terminals connected by different buses or underground

trains. Finding a connecting flight often means changing terminals, which can be a little __46__.

Heathrow airport in London, England, __47__ that bigger is not always better. Heathrow

consists of terminals used by various __48__ and is centered around an area that contains stores

and restaurants. At Heathrow the tired traveller gets the __49__ that they want you to spend your

time in the stores because they won't announce the gate from which your flight will leave until

about an hour before flight time. Given that they start to get people onto the planes half an hour

before takeoff that leaves just 30 minutes to find and __50__ your gate, some of which are a 15-

minute walk from the store area. There is absolutely no __51__ for this because the airport

authorities know even before the day begins how many flights are arriving and departing and

where they plan to put them. If I have just come off one long flight and I'm waiting for another,

what I want is a quiet place, not an area __52__ bright lights and noisy shoppers.

Travel, for me, is interesting but when I have to fly, getting there is __53__ not half the fun.

Airplanes are very efficient way to move people long distances and airports are a(n) __54__ part

of the process. Most airport do their best to provide a good travelling experience but they are to be

__55__, not really enjoyed.

41. A. types

B. cities

C. areas

D. sizes

42. A. identified

B. handled

C. promoted

D. processed

43. A. guards

B. astronauts

C. pilots

D. passengers

44. A. tremendous

B. crowded

C. international

D. fashionable

45. A. flexible

B. multiple

C. available

D. irregular

46. A. exciting

B. astonishing

C. confusing

D. encouraging

47. A. regulates

B. emphasizes

C. encounters

D. demonstrates

48. A. functions

B. departments

C. airlines

D. authorities

49. A. recreation

B. presentation

C. announcement

D. impression

50. A. look for

B. get to

C. meet at

D. check out

51. A. exception

B. doubt

C. apology

D. excuse

52. A. filled with

B. dominated by

C. decorated with

D. recognized by

53. A. increasingly

B. permanently

C. attentively

D. definitely

54. A. effective

B. optional

C. necessary

D. suitable

55. A. simplified

B. endured

C. declared

D. paralleled

Section B

Directions: Read the following two passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or

unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the

one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

Sometimes when she felt bored, she would pick up one of the numerous biographies

记）

about herself and begin to note in.

roughly in the margins at the sides of pages. Since journalists, biographers and more recently even

edit. Not that her notes or corrections were ever shared with the authors. Lately, however, she even

seemed to have lost her appetite for correctness. Did it matter anymore if things were not right?

She knew that sitting alone chewing away on downbeat thoughts would not get her anywhere

and would leave those around her confused and upset, should they ever catch her out. After all she

was the decisive one, always on top of her game. A printed timetable for the following day lay on

the table. A full day of openings and presentations, of smiling and nodding and flowers.

Shaking herself out of her gray mood, she stepped over towards the computer where a sudden

burst of energy gave her an idea. The screen flashed up in front of her but instead of clicking on

the familiar icons which would lead her to the emails Randolph considered she needed to read, she

simply went to visit Mr. Google and began her search for train timetable.

A dish heaped with multi-coloured jellies and plenty of ice cream, served by a white-gloved

train waiter with a perfect moustache. So many years had passed but she still remembered the jelly

dissolving on her tongue in small but delicious mouthfuls. Each spoonful had to be lifted

delicately to her mouth under the watched eye of her grandmother, who was a stickler for good

manners. It was unlikely that they served jelly on the trains these days, what with all the concern

about childhood fatness, but even a Spartan menu could not kill the romance of a train journey. As

the timetable for Line- burst line flashed in front of her, she remembered that the Mayor of Alwoy

would be expecting her to make a short, predictable speech at the opening of the now bridge.

56. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A. The main character is probably a journalist writing blogs about royal members.

B. The main character is always busy editing plenty of material about herself.

C. The authors probably had chances to get the notes or correctness from the main character.

D. Randolph is probably an assistant or a secretary to the main character.

57. Why does the main character recall the time she ate jellies and ice cream?

A. She wishes that she were still a child so that she could eat jellies and ice cream.

B. She is reminded of these foods because the thought of a train journey reminds her of them.

C. She wishes she still knew where the handsome train waiter was

D. Today's children aren't allowed to eat the same things that she ate as a child.

58. A

a. have mainly low fat, healthy foods

B. be suitable for a romantic dinner

C. include a range of sweets, but no jelly

D. include foods which are easy to transport

59. What is most likely to happen next in this passage?

A. The main character will practise her speech for greeting the Mayor of Alwoy.