不容忽视-aoyama
剑桥雅思
10TEST2
PASSAGE1
阅读解析
1.
总体难度概括：中等
2.
文章介绍：
标题：
tea and the
industrial revolution
话题：
历史类
3.
词汇准备：
anthropological
historian
wrestle
enigma
birth
strike
puzzle
factor
drive
affluent
criteria
sufficient
convinced
propose
cupboard
fuel
antiseptic
property
tannin
ingredient
hops
succumb
dysentery
eccentric
deduction
skepticism
wary
admiration
strengthen
notable
a
段
人类学的
n.
史学工作者
v.
斗争
n.
奥秘
n.
诞生
v.
罢工；打击；冲击
b
段
n.
谜团
n.
因素
v.
推动，驱动
adj.
富足的
n.
标准【
criterion
的复数】
adj.
足够的
adj.
确信的
c
段
n.
提议
n.
柜橱
v.
助燃，加速
adj.
防腐的，杀菌的
n.
性能
n.
单宁酸
n.
配料
n.
啤酒花
v.
屈从
n.
痢疾
adj.
奇怪的
n.
推理
n.
怀疑论
adj.
谨慎的
n.
羡慕
v.
加强
adj.
值得注意的
adj.
distinguished
adj.
杰出的
favorable
adj.
有利的
appraisal
n.
评价
d
段
alight
v.
偶然发现
static
adj.
静态的
virus
n.
病毒
bacteria
n.
细菌
malaria
n.
疟疾
sanitation
n.
卫生
e
段
dig
v.
探寻
reveal
v.
揭示
antibacterial
adj.
抗菌的
agent
n.
药剂
preserve
v.
保护
malt
n.
麦芽
gin
n.
杜松子酒
f
段
grip
n.
掌握，控制
prevalence
n.
流行
coincidence
n.
巧合
clipper
n.
帆船
sip
v.
啜饮
g
段
forge
v.
伪造
futures
n.
期货
wheel
n.
轮子
4.
题型分析
这篇文章是由二种题型组成，都是阅读考试中常见的题型。
<
/p>
段落选标题
+
判断题
5.
题目解析
questions 1-7
段落选标题
List of
Headings
I The search for the reasons
for an increase in population
II
Industrialization and the fear of unemployment
III The development of cities in Japan
IV The time and place of the Industrial
Revolution
V The cases of Holland,
France and China
VI Changes in drinking
habits in Britain
VII Two keys to
Britain
’
s industrial
revolution
VIII Conditions required for
industrialization
IX Comparisons with
Japan lead to the answer
1
Paragraph
A:
答案为
IV,
工业革命的时间和地点
。
根据第一段
“
Why
did
this
particular
Big Bang-the
world-changing birth of industry-happen in
Britain? And why did it
strike
at
the
end
of
the
18
century?
意思为：为何在英国出现？为何在
18
世纪出现？<
/p>
2
Paragraph
B:
答案为
VIII,
工业革命所需要的条件。根据第二段“
For
industry
to
take
off, there needs to be the technology
and power to drive factories, large urban
populations
to
provide
cheap
labor,
easy
transport
to
move
goods
around,
and
affluent
middle-class
willing to buy mass-produced objects, a market-
driven economy and a
political system
that allows this to happen.
”意思为：技术，人口，交
通，富裕的中
产阶级，市场经济和政治体制会有助于工业革命的出现。
< br>
3
Paragraph
C
：
答案为
VII,
英国工业革命的两个
关键。
根据第三段
“
The
missing
factors,
he proposes, are to be found in almost
every kitchen cupboard, Tea and beer, two
of the nation
’
s
favorite drinks, fuelled the revolution.
”意思为：厨房柜橱里的
茶和啤酒加速了革命的出现。
4
Paragraph
D:
答案为
I,
人口增加原因的探寻。<
/p>
根据第四段
“
Between
about
1650
and
1740,
the
population
in
Britain
was
static.
But
then
there
was
a
burst
in
population
growth.
Macfarlane says:
‘
The infant mortality rate
halved in the space of 20 years, and
this
happened
in
both rural
areas and
cities,
and
across
all
classes.
People
suggested four possible causes.
< br>”意思为：
1650
和
1740
年之间人口基本没变，然后出
现大的变化。人们觉得有四种原因
。
5 Paragraph
E
：
答案为
VI,
英国喝酒习惯的变化。
根据第五段“
We drank bear. For a
long time, the English were protected
by the strong antibacterial agent in hops,
which were added to help preserve the
beer. But in the late 17
century a tax was
introduced
on malt, the basic ingredient of beer. The poor
turned to water and gin
and in the
1720s the mortality rate began to rise again.
”意思为：之前和啤酒是因
为酒中放了抗菌的药剂，但是后来对麦芽征税，
所以人们改喝水和杜松子酒。
6
Paragraph
F:
答案为
IX,
与日本比较后得出的结论。根据第六段“
Macfarlane
looked
to
Japan,
which was also developing large cities about the
same time, and also had no
sanitation.
Water-borne
diseases
had
a
much
looser
grip
on
the
Japanese
population
than
those
in
Britain.
”意思为：和同时在发展大城市的日本相比，英国人得病的情况要
比日本严重。
th
th
7
Paragraph
G:
答案为
II,
工业化和失业的恐惧。
根据第七段
“
Macfarlane
notes
that
even
though 17
century
Japan had large cities, high literacy rates, even
a futures
market,
it
had
turned
its
back
on
the
essence
of
any
work-based
revolution
by
giving
up
labor-saving devices such as animals, afraid that
they would put people out of
work.
”意思为：即使日本在
17
世纪出现的城市发展，
文化程度高，良好发展的期货市场，
仍旧恐惧人们会失业的问题。
questions
8-13
判断题
8
China
’
s transport system was
not suitable for industry in the 18
century.
9 Tea and beer both
helped to prevent dysentery in Britain.
10 Roy Porter disagrees with Professor
Macfarlane
’
s findings.
11 After 1740, there was a reduction in
population in Britain.
12 People in
Britain used to make beer at home.
13
The tax on malt indirectly caused a rise in the
death rate.
8
通过
in the 18
century
和
China
定位到第二段倒数第二句。
After all, Holland had
everything except coal, while China
also had many of these factors.
荷兰除了没有
煤炭其它都有，中国也有这些因素中的很多。文中并没有提到中国的交通系统在
18
世纪不
适合工业发展。所以答案为
NOT GIVEN
9
通过
Tea
and
beer
还有
dysentery
定位到第三段第二句。
Allow
ed
urban
communities
to
flourish at close
quarters without succumbing to water-borne
diseases such as
dysentery.
茶叶和啤酒可以帮助战胜痢疾这样的疾病。这里的
succumb
意思为屈从，所以
通过上下文得知可以预防痢疾。故答案为
T
RUE.
10
通过
Roy Porter
和
findings
定位到第三段最后一句。
Ma
cfarlane
’
s case has been
strengthened
by
support
from
notable
quarters-Roy
Porter,
the
distinguished
medical
historian,
recently
wrote
a
favorable
appraisal
of
his
research.
通过“
case
has
been
strengthened
by
support
和
a
favorable
appraisal
of
his
research
”得知并非
disagree,
所以答案为
FALSE.
11
结
合
1740
和
reduction
定位到文章第四段第三局。“
Between about
1650 and 1740,
the population in
Britain was static. But then there was a burst in
population
growth.
”通过分析得知
reduction
与
a burst
in population growth
直接矛盾，所以答
案
为
FALSE.
12
通过
used to make beer
at
home
定位到文章第五段倒数
后四句。
We drank bear. For
a
long time,
the English were protected
by the
strong antibacterial
agent in hops,
which were
added to help preserve the beer. But in the late
17
century a tax was
introduced on malt, the basic
ingredient of beer. The poor turned to water and
gin
and in the 1720s the mortality rate
began to rise again.
”通过分析得知文章没有提
及过去在家里制作啤酒，所以答案为
NOT GIVEN.
13
通
过
malt
定位到原文第五段倒数“
B
ut
in
the
late
17
century
a
tax
was
introduced
th
th
th
th
th
on
malt, the basic ingredient of beer. The poor
turned to water and gin and in the
1720s the mortality rate began to rise
again.
”通过分析得知
mortality rate
began
to rise
again
与
a rise in the death
rate
表达一致，故答案为
TRUE.
剑桥雅思
10TEST2
PASSAGE2
阅读解析
Gifted children and learning
天赋小孩与学习
一、文章难度概括
这篇文章难度一般，文章比较容易读懂，儿童教育类题材大家比较相对较
熟悉。
二、文章分析
A
段：教育环境与智商有关
B
段：学习策略的举例
C
段：能力强的学习者常使用自动调节学习策略
<
/p>
D
段：老师只需在学习过程中做适当的引导
E
段：个人性格与学习成就有关
F
段：学习受到情感上的影响
三、词汇准备
A
段
Intelligence
智慧
Verbal
口头的
Manipulate
利用
B
段：
Emerge
出现
Qualitative
定性的，性质上的
External
外部的，表面的
Internal
内部的，内在的
Emotional
情感上的
Awareness
意识
Metacognition
元认知
Curiosity
好奇心
C
段：
Self-regulatory
自动调节
Succinctly
简洁的
Adjustment
调节
D
段：
Conversely
相反
Tendency
趋势
Diminish
消除
Autonomy
自治，自治权
Deprived
缺乏足够教育的
E
段：
Theoretical
从理论上来说的
Vital
重要的
Domain
领域
F
段：
Facilitate
促进，帮助
Inhibit
抑制，禁止
Harness
驾驭
四、题型分析
这篇文章由三种题型组
成，
都是阅读考试中常见的题型。
段落信息配对＋人名理论配对
＋句
子填空。
五、题目解析
Question 14-17
题型：
Information Matching
（段落信息配对）
题号
翻译
家庭背景对有天赋孩子的影响
14
的参考
their
home.
home
与
parents
与
domestic
替换。
D
段第二行：
conversely,
teachers who have a
tendency
to
‘
overdirect
’
can
diminish
their
如果学习者被给予太多的指
15
导，那么会失去某些东西。
太多的指
导，这将会减少有天赋小孩的学习主动
性。
Overdirec
t
与
too much guidance
替换，
diminish
替换
lo
st
。
F
段第三行：
fear,
for
example,
can
limit
the
development of curiosity, which is a
strong
16
焦虑带来的破坏的影响。
force
in
scientific
advance.
例如，焦虑会限
制
好奇心的发展，而好奇心是科学发展的主要动
力。
gifted
pupils
’
learning
autonomy.
老师给予
parents, number of books
and activities in
题解
A
段第八和第九行：
verbal
interactions with