tugboat2019届黄浦区高三英语一模

黄浦区

2019

届第一学期期末质量监控试卷

Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions

：

After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and

grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of

the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

高三英语

2018.12.14

（考试时间

120

分钟，满分

140

分，< /p>

请将答案写在答题纸上

）

第

I

卷（共

100

分）

I. Listening (

略

)

Just How Buggy is Your Phone?

What item in your home crawls with the most germs? If yo

u say ___21___ toilet seat, you’re

wrong. Kitchen sponges top the list. But cell phones are pretty dirty too. They contain around 10

times as many germs as toilet seats. People touch their phones, laptops, and other digital devices

all day long, yet rarely clean them.

In one incident, a thief paid a terrible price for stealing a germy cell phone. He stole it from a

hospital in Uganda during a widespread of the deadly disease Ebola. The phone’s owner reported

the theft before ___22___

die

）

from the disease. Soon, the thief began showing symptoms and

finally ___23___

（

confess

）

to the crime.

___24___ in that unusual case a cell phone carried dangerous bacteria, not all germs are bad. Most

cause no harm. In fact, they could provide helpful information. Look at the surface of your phone

carefully. Do you see some dirty mars? “That's all you,” says microbial ecologist Jarrad Hampton

-

Marcell. “That’s biological information.”

It turns out that the types of germs that you apply all over your phone or tablet are different

from ___25___ of your friends and family. They’re like a fingerprint that could identify you. Some

day in the future, investigators may use these microbial fingerprints to solve crimes. Phones and

digital devices may be one of the best places to look for buggy clues.

In a 2017 study, researchers sampled a range of surfaces in 22 participants’ homes, ___26___

countertops and floors to computer keyboards and mice. Then they tried to match the microbial

fingerprints on each object to its owner. The office equipment was easiest to match to its owner. In

an ___27___

early

）

stud y, a different group of researchers found that they could use microbial

fingerprints to identify the person who ___28___

（

use

）

a computer keyboard even after the

keyboard sat untouched for two weeks at room temperature.

One day, microbial signatures might show ___29___ people have gone and what they have

touched. They could prove ___30___ an unmarked device is yours. So, sure, your phone is pretty

germy. Does that inspire you, or does it just bother you?

原文出处：

/articles/11355/257200/5a4246c87ba75

1

Section B

：

Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only

be

used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. measurement

B. similar

C. remarkably

D. monetary E. astronomy F. altered

J. invariably K. dominated

G. civilization

H. defined

I. independence

The Nile

The ancient Greek writer Herodotus once described Egypt-with some envy-

as‘the gift of the

Nile’. The Egyptians depend on the river for food, for water and for life. The Ancient Egyptians

were

able

to

control

and

use

the

Nile,

creating

the

earliest

irrigation

systems

and

developing

a

prosperous ___31___.

Snaking through the deserts, the Nile would flood almost ___32___ each year in June. Once

the water subsided, a rich deposit of sand was left behind, making an excellent topaoil. Seeds were

sown,

yielding

wheat,

barley,

beans,

lentils

and

leeks.

Drought

could

spell

disaster

for

the

Egyptians, so during the dry seasons, they dug basins and channels to deliver water to their land.

They also devised simple channels to transfer water at the peak of the flood.

An early system of ___33___ a Nilometer, was used to de determine the size of the floods.

Later, during the New Kingdom, a lifting system called a shaduf was used to raise water from the

river--___34___ to the way in which a well is used today.

The Egyptians took up some of the earliest trading missions. Without a(n) ___35___ system

they exchanged goods, bringing back timber, precious stones, pottery, spices and animals. Their

efforts in medicine were also ___36___ advanced: surgeons performed operations to remove cysts

（囊肿）

. Mummification gave them great understanding of the human body-yet they also relied

heavily

on

various

medicines

to

prevent

disease,

and

discoveries

were

often

confused

with

superstition

（迷信）

. And while a great deal of time was dedicated to ___37___ the Egyptians

thought the stars were gods.

By the 16th century Egypt was under the Ottoman Empire until Britain seized control in 1882.

What is now mostly Arabic Egypt only won ___38___ from Britain after World War

Ⅱ

. The Suez

Canal, opened in 1869, __________the country as a center for world transportation. But it, and the

completion

of

the

Aswan

High

Dam

in

1971

___40___

the

ecology

of

the

Nile,

which

now

struggles to satisfy

the country’s

rapidly growing population, currently

more than 76 million

-the

largest in the Arab world.

Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions

：

For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A,

B,

C, and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Keeping The Taps Running in Thirsty Cities

Water covers 71% of Earth’s surface yet only 2% of it is accessible as a source of fresh water.

___41___ on this limited resources is rising, a trend likely to continue.

It

is

important

to

recognize

that

it

is

not

just

city

residents

who

___42___

water.

Agriculture,

industry and tourism often require more water than the municipal water supply. Globally, 70% of

fresh water is ___43___ for agriculture, but locally in heavily irrigated

（灌溉）

areas this can

2

increate

to

90%.

A

healthy

environment

also

requires

fresh

water,

and

the

quality

of

available

water is as important as its ___44___.

Water stress is not always caused by physical shortages in dry areas. ___45___ for water resources

between different users within river catchments or basins can also be a cause.

Every

thirsty

city

operates

within

its

own

context,

___46___

to

the

challenge

of

providing

adequate

water

supplies.

Cape

Town,

___47___,

has

faced

three

years

of

drought

during

which

winter rains failed to materialize. At the end of the 2017 rainy season the city faced the ___48___

of its dams running dry during 2018. The dams were only 37% full

—

in the same week four years

before they were full to the top. In January 2018, it was ___49___ that Cape Town would reach

Day Zero, when it would be forced to turn off the taps, in April. This was despite the city reducing

its water use by more than half, from 1.2 billion litres a day in 2015 to fewer than 600 million litres,

and working ___50___ with industry and agriculture to reduce demand.

On February 1, the authorities put in place a strict limit of 50 litres of water per person per

day. ___51___, in Britain this is considered enough for a five-minute shower of half a washing

machine cycle on full load.

In

addition,

a

ban

was

placed

on

using

___52___

water

for

gardens,

water

management

devices were installed at household with a high water use and the water pressure was reduced to

cut

demand

and

leaks.

At

the

same,

the

city

launched

a

media

___53___

to

change

habits

and

introduced

higher

duties.

This

is

not

without

its

costs;

agriculture

and

tourism,

both

significant

areas of employment, have ___54___. It is a classic example of the problem of water economics-

the cost of water is low but the cost of a lack of water is very high.

Crises

such

as

the

Cape

Town

drought

are

in

danger

of

becoming

the

new

norm.

The

___55___ of Day Zero must serve as a wake-up call for cities across the world to develop cost-

effective water management strategies to cope with an uncertain future.

41. A. Impact

B. Pressure

C. Impression

D. Observation

42. A. recycle

B. waste

C. consume

D. apply

43. A. restored

B. abstracted

C. separated

D. preserved

44. A. change

B. source

C. origin

D. volume

45. A. Competition

B. Protection

C. Construction

D. Regulation

46. A. contributing

B. regarding

C. responding

D. referring

47. A. in addition

B. for example

C. on the contrary

D. as a result

48. A. prospect

B. illustration

C. symptom

D. security

49. A. reported

B. presented

C. predicted

D. explained

50. A. respectively

B. increasingly

C. restrictively

D. extensively

51. A. By comparison

B. In other words

C. To our surprise

D. What’s more

52. A. feasible

B. drinkable

C. inevitable

D. influential

53. A. campaign

B. statement

C. presentation

D. advertisement

54. A. invaded

B. liberated

C. suffered

D. proceeded

55. A. change

B. theory

C. record

D. threat

原文出处：

/publications/twt/keeping-taps-running- thirsty-cities

3

Section B

Directions:

Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or

unfinished statements. For each of them. There are four choices marked A, B, C and D. choose the

one that fits best according to the Information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

Despite

an

advertisement

campaign

suggesting

wall-to-

wall

special

effects,

“Bridge

of

Terabithia” is grounded in reality far more

than in fantasy. Adapting Katherine Paterson’s award

-

winning novel, the screenwriters David Paterson and Jeff Stockwell have produced a thoughtful

and extremely affecting story of a transformative friendship between two unusually gifted children.

The result is a movie whose emotional depth could appeal more to adults than to their children.

Jess Aarons (Josh Hutcherson) is a sixth grader with four sisters, financially tensed parents

and a talent for drawing. An introverted(

内向的

) kid who is regularly picked on by the school

buses, Jess forms a bond with a new student named Leslie (Anna Sophia Robb), a free spirit whose

parents, both writers, are fondly neglectful. An attraction between outsiders, their friendship feeds

on

her

words

and

his

pictures;

together

they

create

an

imaginary

kingdom

in

the

woods

behind

their homes, a world they can control and where their minds can wander free.

Beautifully

capturing

a

time

when

a

bully

in

school

can

occur

as

large

as

a

monster

in

a

ni

ghtmare and the encouragement of a teacher can alter the course of a life, “Bridge to Terabithia”

keeps the fantasy in the background to find magic in the everyday. Gabor Csupo directs this, his

first feature, like someone close to the pain of being different, fascinated in tiny, perfect details.

With strong performances from all the leads, “Bridge to Terabithia” is able to handle adult

topics with sensitivity. As the emotional landscape darkens, those who haven’t read the book may

be surprised at the sorrow the filmmakers cause without ever resorting to horror or terror. In other

words, your children may cry, but they won’t be traumatized so badly.

Consistently

smart

and

delicate

as

a

spider

web,

“Bridge

to

Terabithia”

is

the

kind

of

children’s movie rare

ly seen nowadays. At a time when many public schools are being forced to

cut music and art from the curriculum, the story’s insistence on the healing power of a cultivated

imagination is both welcome and essential.

56.

The second paragraph indicates that Jess and Leslie ________.

A.

lost their control over the imaginary kingdom

B.

looked down on their individual realities

C.

formed a good friendship despite their different talents

D.

wrote a book about a magical land called Terabithia

57.

Which of the following words is

most likely to replace “traumatized” (paragraph 4)?

A. criticized

B. ignored

C. delighted

D. shocked

58.

The two children most likely ________.

A.

skipped school to play in the woods behind their campus

B.

created an imaginary world as an escape from reality

C.

disappointed their parents with their over-active imaginations

D.

won against the bullies at school with strong performances

59.

Which of the following statements will the author most probably agree with?

A.

The fantasy components of the movie were too over-done.

B.

The movie is motional but not much too dramatic.

C.

“Bridge to Terabithia” has a negative impact on public school education.

D.

Children shouldn’t watch the film as they are too young to understand the topics.

原文出处：

/2007/02/16/movies/

4