举行培训船舶应急反应须知

2021年1月27日发(作者：白色婚纱)
船舶应急反应须知

Ship emergency response instruction

1.

目的


Objective
本须知规定了当船舶发生紧急情况时船上有关人员应采取的正确有效的应 急措施，
旨在最大
限度地减少人员伤亡，财产损失和对环境的危害。

This
notice
provisions
when
vessel
in
the
emergency
situation,
the
relevant
personnel
on
board
should
adopt
a
correct
effective
emergency
measures
which
designed
to
maximize
reduce
casualties and property losses and environmental hazards.
2.

适用范围



Applicable scope
本须知适用于船舶紧急情况的反应。

This notice apply to vessel emergency response.
3.

职责


Obligation
3.1.

船长 是应急总指挥，有权采取一切必要措施进行抢险处置，并可请求公司岸基或第三
方援助。

The captain is the emergency commander-in- chief, has the right to take all necessary measures to
rescue disposal, and may request the aid from company shore-based or third party
3.2.

大副是应急现场指挥（除机舱应急外）也是船长的替代人。

Chief
Officer
is
emergency
on- site
command
(except
engine
cabin
emergency)who
is
also
the
captain's replacement.
3.3.

轮机长是机舱应急现场指挥，并负责保障船舶动力。

The chief engineer is engine cabin emergency on-site command, and is responsible for the security
vessel power.
3.4.

所有人员在油污应急中的行动，按 《船上油污应急计划》和《船舶溢油应变部署表》
执行；消防、弃船
/
救生和人员落水 应急时的具体职责，详见本船“应变部署表”
；船
体进水、舵机失灵、主机失灵、船舶失电、碰 撞、搁浅
/
触礁
/
浪损、恶劣天气、人员
重病伤亡
/
传染、中毒、海盗袭击
/
失去联系、走锚、货物移位等应急时的具体职责，
详见“船 舶应变部署分工”
。

All
personnel
in
the
action
of
smeary
emergency
should
execute
according
to
“
Shipboard
Oil
Pollution Emergency P
lan” and “
Ship Oil Spill Strain Deployment T
able”
; the specific duties of
fire, abandon ship/lifesaving and personnel fall into water emergency should follow as the
“
Strain
Deployment Table
”
; hull bilging, steering gear failure, main engine failure, ship losing electricity,
collision, stranding/waves struck/loss, heavy weather, personnel ill casualty/infection, poisoning,
pirate attacks/lost contact, dragging, goods shift etc, the specific duties for such emergency should
follow as the Ship Emergency Arrangement Division
3.5.

火灾
/
爆炸


Fire/Blast
3.5.1.

船员发现火灾应立即发出消防警报，就近使用灭火器材进行灭火。

The
crew
shall
immediately
send
the
fire
alarm
and
drew
near
to
use
fire
extinguishers
to
extinguish when he discovered the fire.
3.5.2.

全体船员听到警报后，应立即就位并按“应变部署表”的分工进行灭火。

The crew should immediately be in position and as the division of Emergency Arrangement Chart
to extinguish.
3.5.3.

在大副或轮机长的指挥下，
组织相 关人员进行探火迅速查明火源，
掌握燃烧物名称、
特性、火烧面积、火势蔓延方向等。

In witness whereof the master or under the command of the chief engineer, they should organize
relevant personnel to carry out fire to identify fire quickly,

and to grasp the combustion name,
characteristics, fire area, the fire spread direction, etc.
3.5.4.

如有人在火场受威胁，应立即采取抢救措施，如确定火场无人应关闭通 风筒和其他
开口，停止通风并切断电源，然后控制火势。

If someone in the fire threatened whom should immediately take rescue measures, such as such as
to determine there is unmanned and should shut air funnel and others, stop ventilation and cut off
the power supply, then control the fire.

3.5.5.

在港外或航行时，应注意操纵船舶使火区处于下风方向，并按《避碰规 则》和《中
华人民共和国交通部沿海港口信号规定》的要求显示号灯或号型。

When the vessel is outside harbour or sailing, personnel on board should pay attention to control
the vessel to sail in leeward of fire area, and to display the line lamp or navigation shape according
to
“
Collision
Avoidance
Rules
”

and
“the
People's
Republic
of

China
Coastal
Ports
Signal
Prov
ision”
.
3.5.6.

在港池发生火灾，应立即停止装卸货作业，视情做好拖带出港准备，备车待命。

If there is a fire at the harbor pond, the relevant personnel should stop handling cargo loading and
discharging operations, preparing towing departing based on situation, and prepared with engine
for awaiting orders.
3.5.7.

船长应根据具体情况决定灭火方案，并对是否可能引起爆炸作出判断；消防人员应
根据“应变部署表” 的分工和船长的指示全力扑救。

The captain should decide fire-extinguishing scheme according to the specific circumstances and
draw
conclusions
to
whether
the
fire
may
cause
blast;
fire
fighters
should
put
out
the
fire
according to Emergency Arrangement Chart and the captain
’
s instructions.
3.5.8.

如火势严重，有外援帮助救火时，应详细介绍火场情况，并予以配合。

If the fire was serious and had outside help to put out fire, the crew on board should give detailed
introduction of fire and cooperate with them.
3.5.9.

如采取封闭窒息方法灭火，必须经过相当时间，并组织足够的消防力量 做好各种扑
灭再燃的准备，才能逐步打开封闭舱室，再缓慢予以通风。

If
take
seal
off
suffocation method
to
extinguish,
the
fire
fighters
must
complete
the
extinguish
reburning
preparation
based
on
pass
a
considerable
amount
of
time
and
organize
enough
fire
fighting
power,
to
complete
such
works
than
they
should
gradually
open
enclosed
cabin
and
slowly ventilate.
3.6.

弃船
/
救生



Abandon ship/Life-saving
3.6.1.

船舶 发生海事后受损严重，处于沉没、倾覆、爆炸等严重危险情况，经抢救确属无
效时，经船长最好的专业判 断后可做出弃船决定。但时间和情况允许，船长应电告
公司。

If
the
vessel
was
severely
damaged
in
the
sink,
ruin,
blast
etc
serious
dangerous
situation
after
maritime accident, after the rescue when it is invalid, the captain of the best professional judgment
can make decision to abandon ship. But if time and situation allows, the captain shall inform or
report in a telegram the company.
3.6.2.

船长下达弃船命令后，
GMDSS
操作员必须在电台值守，按《船舶遇险与紧急通信
处置细则》的有关规定，发送船长交发的遇险电文直 至必须离开时。

After the issued the order to abandon ship, the GMDSS operator must in radio station to send the
SOS
message
which
captain
handed
over
to
him,
according
to

the
concerned
regulations
of
“
Emergency Communication Disposal Rules
”
.
3.6.3.

全体船员按应急部署表的分工完成各自的弃船准备工作，离船前应携带 国旗、船舶
证书、重要文件等，备足食品、毛毯等物品。

All
crew
should
finish
their
respective
abandon
ship
preparation
according
to
the
division
of
emergency
deployment,
before
leaving
the
vessel
they
should
carry
national
flag,
shipping
certificate, important documents etc., stocked up food, blankets and other items.
3.6.4.

放救生艇筏人员应在艇长指挥下将艇筏放至水面。全体船员在船长的统一指挥下登
上救生工具。

The personnel who are responsible for releasing lifeboats should under the command of coxswain
to let it on the water. All crew should under the captain's unified command ascended life-saving
tools.
3.6.5.

船长离船前应检查每个人所带物品，尤其是通信设备、淡水、药物和食品等，并将
彼此联络信号通知各 艇艇长。

The captain should check what everyone takes with when before he leaving the vessel, especially
communication equipment, fresh water, medicine and food, etc., and notify the coxswain of signal
for their contact.
3.6.6.

船长检查全船确无人员后，最后离船。

The captain should finish checking the whole vessel had no person then become the last one to
sign-off.
3.6.7.

在外援救助时，船长应按船岸联合应急 反应、
“海上救助须知”的规定决定取舍。全
体船员应听从船长的统一指挥，有序地登上外援工 具。

In outside salvation, the captain shall determine choices according to the provisions of Ship and
Shore
Jointly
Emergency
Response,
Salvage
Salvation
Notice.
All
crew
should
follow
the
captain
’
s should under the captain's unified command ascended life-saving tools.
3.7.

人落水
/
搜救






Falling water/Search and Rescue
3.7.1.


船员发现人落水，应立即发出警报，值班驾 驶员应立即停车，并向人落水一舷操满
舵，摆开船尾，防止车叶触及落水者。鸣放人落水报警信号，立即 定出人落水概位。
附近船员应立即抛下带有自亮灯浮的救生圈。

When the crew found some one fall into water who should raise the alarm immediately, the crew
on
sailing
duty
should
stop
engine
immediately
and
hold
full
rudder
to
the
broadside
of
fallen
person for spread out the stern to prevent rudder blade touch fallen person. Sending the alarming
signals for falling water and appoint the place where the person was fallen. Near crew shall left
with self-igniting light of life buoy immediately.
3.7.2.

船长上驾驶台指挥，轮机长下机舱协助用车。

The captain shall command on bridge and chief engineer should assist for controlling engine in the
engine cabin.
3.7.3.

确定落水者已过船尾，应立即倒车、掉头驶向落水者附近施救。

Confirm the fallen person has passed the stern, the vessel should be back-off and turned around
sail to help the fallen person.
3.7.4.

其余人员按“应变部署表”规定的分工进行放艇救助。

The
remaining
personnel
should
according
to
the
division
which
stated
in
Emergency
Arrangement Chart to release lifeboat for rescuing.
3.7.5.

船上应作好急救准备，根据具体情况进行急救。

The vessel shall be prepared emergency preparation, according to the specific circumstances give
first aid treatment.
3.8.

油污


Oil pollution
3.8.1.

船舶发生油污时，按《船上油污应急计划》和《船舶溢油应变部署表》执行。

If
oil
pollution
happen,
ship
would
execute
according
to
Vessel
Pollution
Emergency
Plan
and
Vessel Oil Spill Strain Deployment Form.
3.9.

碰撞（包括进水）



Collision (including inflowing water)
3.9.1.

发生碰撞后，船长应指示大副或轮机长迅速查明碰撞部位损坏情况、是 否进水、是
否有人受伤等，并判明是否需要救助。

After a collision, the master shall instruct chief officer or the chief engineer to indentify collision
parts
quickly,
whether
inflowing
water,
having
a
injured
person,
and
determine
whether
need
assistance.
3.10.

如发生人员严重 受伤，
应按本须知
3.9
节
“人员重病伤亡
/
传染、
中毒”
措施进行抢救。

If there is a serious personnel injured, the vessel should rescue according to the measures of 3.9
section Personnel Ill Casualty/Epidemic and Poisoning.
3.10.1.

当一船嵌入另一船体时，船长应视情采取慢车顶推或倒车等措施。

When
a
vessel
within
another
’
s
hull,
the
captain
shall
inspect
situation
to
adopt
slow
engine
pushing or reversing engine.
3.10.2.

如船体破损漏水，船长应立即组织人员排水、堵漏 ，如进水严重，可选择适当的浅
滩进行抢滩。

If there is inflowing water into hull breakage, the captain shall immediately organize personnel to
drain
waterplugging,
as
there
is
a
serious
situation
he
can
choose
the
appropriate
shoal
for
beaching.
3.10.3.

因碰撞发生油污，立即按《船上油污应急计划》采取行动。

If
there
is
an
oil
pollution
cause
a
collision,
the
vessel
should
take
action
according
to
V
essel
Pollution Emergency Plan.
3.10.4.

轮机长应坚守机舱，组织轮机部人员保证主副机正常， 对机器和设备的受损情况，
立即进行检查和抢修。

The chief engineer should stick to the engine cabin and organize the engine department personnel
to keep mainvice engine normally, check and repair the machine and equipment immediately.
3.10.5.


船长应指示当值人员做好现场抢险的各项记录，
并保存好原来的海图作业及相关海