载体英文FOB中英文对照

2021年1月27日发(作者：管路)
FOB-Free on Board
(insert named port of shipment)

GUIDANCE NOTE
This rule is to be used only for sea or inland waterway transport.
该规则仅适用于内河运输或海运。

“Free on Board” means that the seller delivers the goods on board the vessel nominated
by the buyer at the named port of shipment or procures the goods already so delivered.
The
risk
of
loss
of
or
damage
to
the
goods
passes
when
the
goods
are
on
board
the
vessel, and the buyer bears all costs from that moment onwards.
Free on board
意思为卖方将货物运送至买方指定的起运港， 指定的船上并交付货物。当货
物装船时，
货物丢失或损坏的风险从卖方转移至买方。
并 且从该时刻起，
买方将支付之后的
费用。

The seller is required either to deliver the goods on board the vessel or to procure goods
already
so
delivered
for
shipment.
The
reference
to
“procure”
here
caters
for
multiple
sales down a chain (‘string sales’), particularly common in the commodity trades.

卖方应负责运送货物并装船，或取得已装船准备运输的 货物。这里的
“
取得
”
适合于多层次链
条式销售（线性销售）
，在商品销售中尤为普遍。

FOB may not be appropriate where goods are handed over to the carrier before they are
on board the vessel, for example goods in containers, which are typically delivered at a
terminal. In such situations, the FCA rule should be used.
FOB
不适用于货物在装船之前就已将物权转移 至承运人的情况，例如货物在集装箱内，那
么货物应运输至目的地再转移物权。在这种情况下，而应使用
FCA
术语。

FOB
requires
the
seller
to
clear
the
goods
for
export,
where
applicable.
However,
the
seller has no obligation to clear the goods for import, pay any import duty or carry out any
import customs formalities. < br>FOB
情况下卖方应负责出口清关。然而，卖方没有负责进口报关，支付进口税费，办理任
何进口海关手续的义务。


A THE SELLER'S OBLIGATIONS
A
卖方义务

A1 General provision of the seller
A1
卖方基本义务

The
seller
must
provide
the
goods
and
the
commercial invoice in conformity with the contract
of sale and any other evidence of conformity that
may be required by
the contract.
卖方必须提供符合销售合同规定的货 物和商业发
票以及按照合同约定必需的有同等作用的其他任
B THE BUYER'S OBLIGATIONS
B
买方义务

B1 General provision of the buyer
B1
买方基本义务

The
buyer
must
pay
the
price
of
the
goods
as
provided in the contract of sale.



买方必须按照销售合同规定支付价款。



Any document referred
to
in
B1-B10 may be
an
何凭证。

equivalent
electronic
record
or
procedure
if
Any document referred to
in A1-A10 may be an
agreed between the parties or cusotmary.
equivalent
electronic
record
or
procedure
if
以及经当事人同意或根据交易习惯在
B1-B10
中提
agreed between the parties or cusotmary.
以及经当事人同意或根据交 易习惯在
A1-A10
中提
到的任何有同等作用的电子记录或程序的凭证。


A2
Licences,
authorisations,
clearance and other formalities
到的任何有同等作用的电子记录或程序的凭证。


B2
Licences,
authorisations,
clearance and other formalities.
security
security
B2
许可，授权，安全许可和其他正式手续

Where applicable, it is up to the buyer to obtain,
at its own risk and expense, any import licence or
Where
applicable,
the
seller
must
obtain,
at
its
other
official
authorization
and
carry
out
all
own risk and expense, any export licence or other
customs
formalities
for
the
import
of
the
goods
official
authorization
and
carry
out
all
customs
and for their transport through any country.
formalities necessary for the export of the goods.
在需要办理清关手续时，由买方自担风险和费用获

A2
许可，授权，安全许可和其他正式手续

在需要办理清关手续时，卖方必须承担风险和 费
用。获得任何出口许可或其他官方授权，办理货物
出口所需的一切海关手续。


A3 Contracts of carriage and insurance
得任何进口许可或其他官方授权，并负责办理货物
进口和从他国过境的一切海关手续。


B3 Contracts of carriage and insurance
B3
运输合同和保险合同

a)
Contract of carriage
A3
运输合同和保险合同

a)
Contract of carriage
a)
运输合同

a)
运输合同

The buyer must contract, at its own expense for
the carriage of the goods from the named port of
shipment, except where the contract of carriage is
made by the seller as provided for in A3 a).





The seller has no obligation to the buyer to make
a
contract
of
carriage.
However,
if
requested
by
the
buyer
or
if
it
is
commercial
practice
and
the
buyer does not give an instruction to the contrary
in
due
time,
the
seller may
contract
for
carriage
on usual terms at the buyer’s risk and expense. In
either
case,
the
seller
may
decline
to
make
the
买方必须自付费用订立自指定装运港运输货物的
contract of carriage and, if it does, shall promptly
notify the buyer.
合同，卖方按照
A3 a
）订立了运输合同时除外。

卖方没有义务为买方订立运输合同。但若买方要


求，或者如果是商业惯例而买方未适时给予卖方相


反指示，则卖方可按照通常条件订立运输合同，费
b)
Contract of insurance
用和风险由买方承担。在任何一种情况下，卖方都
可以拒绝订立此合同； 如果拒绝，则应立即通知买
方。

b)
Contract of insurance
b)
保险合同

The seller has no obligation to the buyer to make
a contract of insurance. However, the seller must
provide
the
buyer,
at
the
buyer’s
request,
risk,
and
expense
(if
any),
with
information
that
the
buyer needs for obtaining insurance. < br>卖方没有义务为买方订立保险合同。但应买方要求
并由其承担风险和费用，卖方必须提供给买方办 理
保险所需的相关信息。


A4 Delivery
A4
交货

b)
保险合同

The buyer has no obligation to the seller to make
a contract of insurance.



买方没有义务为卖方订立保险合同。




B4 Taking delivery
B4
受领货物

The buyer must take delivery of the goods when
they have been delivered as envisaged in A4.






The
seller
must
deliver
the
goods
either
by
placing
them
on
board
the
vessel
nominated
by
the buyer at the loading point, if any, indicated by
the
buyer
at
the
named
port
of
shipment
or
by
procuring the goods so delivered. In either case,
the
seller must
deliver
the
goods
on
the
agreed
date
or
within
the
agreed
period
and
in
the
manner customary at the port.
卖方必须将在买方指定的装 运港，在买方指定的装
运地点，在约定日期或期限内，按照该港习惯方式
将货物交至买方指定的 船上或取得已交运的货物。

买方必须在卖方按照
A4
规定交货时，受领货物。









B5 Transfer of risks
风险转移

The buyer bears all risks of loss of or damage to
If no specific loading point has been indicated by
the goods from the time they have been delivered
the
buyer,
the
seller
may
select
the
point
within
as envisaged in A4. If
the
named
port
of
shipment
that
best
suits
its

purpose.
买方必须承担自按照
A4
规定交货之时起货物灭失
若买方没有指定具体交货点，那么卖方可选择指定
或损坏的一切风险；如果：

装运港内最适合其目的的交货点。

a)
the
buyer
fails
to
notify
the
nomination
of
a

vessel in accordance with B7; or
A5 Transfer of risks
买方未按照
B7
规定就指定的船只给予卖方相
风险转移

应通知；或者

The seller bears all risks of loss of or damage to
the
goods
until
they
have
been
delivered
in
b)
the
vessel
nominated
by
the
buyer
fails
to
accordance with A4 with the exception of loss or
arrive on time to enable the seller to comply
damage in the circumstances described in B5.
with A4, is unable to take the goods, or closes
for
cargo
earlier
than
the
time
notified
in
除
B5
规定者外，卖方必须承担货物灭失或损坏的
accordance with B7; then, the buyer bears all
risks of loss of or damage to the goods:
一切风险，直至已按照
A4
规定交货为止。

买方指定的船只未能按时到达致使卖方未能按


照
A4
规定交货，或未能接收货物或较按照
B7


通知的时间提早停止运输货物，买方承担货物


灭失或损坏的一切风险。



(i)
from the agreed date, or in the absence of

an agreed date,




















A6 Allocation of costs
A6
费用划分

The seller must pay
卖方必须支付

当自约定的交货日期或并未约定日期；

(ii)
from the date notified by the seller under
A7 within the agreed period, or, if no such
date has been notified,
自买方按照
A7
规定指 定的约定期限内的日
期起或买方并未指定该日期；

(iii)
from the expiry date of any agreed period
for delivery, provided that the goods have
been
clearly
identified
as
the
contract
goods.
或自交货期限届满之日起（但以该项货物
已正式划归合同项下为限）
。


B6 Allocation of costs
B6
费用划分

The buyer must pay
买方必须支付

a)
all
costs
relating
to
the
goods
from
the
time
a)
all costs relating to the goods until they have
they have been delivered as envisaged in A4,
been delivered in accordance
with A4, other
except,
where
applicable,
the
costs
of
than those payable by the buyer as envisaged
customs
formalities
necessary
for
export,
as
in B6; and
well
as
all
duties,
taxes
and
other
charges

payable upon export as referred to in A6 b);

自按照
A4
规定交货之时起与货物有关的一切
除按照
B6
规定应由买方支付的费用外，卖方
费用，以及在需要办理海关手续时，货物出口
必须支 付与货物有关的一切费用，直至已按照
所需办理海关手续的费用和按照
A6
b)
规定在
A4
规定交货为止；

货物出口时应交纳的一切关税、税款和其他费


用

b)
where
applicable,
the
costs
of
customs
formalities necessary for export, as well as all
b)
any additional costs incurred, either because:
duties, taxes and other charges payable upon
其他追加的成本。可能是由于：

export.
(i)
the
buyer
has
failed
to
give
appropriate
在需要 办理海关手续时，货物出口应办理的海
关手续费用及出口应交纳的一切关税、税款和
notic e in accordance with B7, or
在买方未能按照
B7
规定给予卖方适当通知，
或

其他费用。


















A7 Notices to the buyer
A7
通知买方

(ii)
he
vessel
nominated
by
the
buyer
fails
to
arrive on time, is unable to take the goods, or
closes for cargo earlier than the time notified
in
accordance
with
B7,
provided
that
the
goods
have
been
clearly
identified
as
the
contract goods; and
(iii)
买方指定的船只未能按时到 达，或未能接收货
物，或较按照
B7
通知的时间提早停止运输货
物时。并且< br>
c)
where applicable, all duties, taxes
and
other
charges, as well as the costs of carrying out
customs
formalities
payable
upon
import
of
the
goods
and
the
costs
for
their
transport
through any country. < br>在需要办理海关手续时，货物进口应交纳的一
切关税、税款和其他费用，以及办理海关手续
The seller must, at the buyer’s risk and expense,
的费用和从他国过境的费用。

give
the
buyer
sufficient
notice
either
that
the
goods have been delivered in accordance with A4

or
that
the
vessel
has
failed
to
take
the
goods
B7 Notice to the seller
within the time agreed.
B7
通知卖方

在货物已按照
A4
规定交付或在约定时间内船舶未
The buyer must give the seller sufficient notice of
the
vessel
name,
loading
point
and,
where
能接收货物时，卖方必须给予买方充分通知，由买
necessary,
the
selected
delivery
time
within
the
agreed period.
方承担风险和费用。



买方必须就指定船只名称、装运点和必要时约定期
A8 Delivery document
A8
交货凭证

限内的指定交货时间给予卖方充分通知。

The seller must provide the buyer, at the seller’s

expense, with the usual proof that the goods have

been delivered in accordance with A4.
B8 Proof of delivery
卖方必须自担费用向买方提供证明已按照
A4
规定
交货的通常单据。

B8
交货证明

The
buyer
must
accept
the
proof
of
delivery
provided as envisaged in A8.
Unless
such
proof
is
a
transport
document,
the

seller must provide assistance to the buyer, at the
买方必须接受卖方按照
A8
规定所提供的交货证
buyer’s request, risk and expense, in obtaining a
transport document.
明。

如果这些凭证不是运输单据，应买方要求并由其承


担风险和费用，卖方必须给予买方协助以取得运输


单据。





A9 Checking
–
packing
–
marking

查对、包装、标记

A9 Inspection of goods
The seller must pay the costs of those checking
货物检验

operations (such as checking quality, measuring,
weighing,
counting)
that
are
necessary
for
the
The buyer must pay the costs of any mandatory
purpose
of
delivering
the
goods
in
accordance
pre- shipment
inspection,
except
when
such
with A4, as well as the costs of any pre-shipment
inspection
is
mandated
by
the
authorities
of
the
inspection
mandated
by
the
authority
of
the
country of export.
country of export.


卖方必须支付按照
A4
规定为了将货物交给买方处

置所需进行的查 对费用（如查对货物品质、丈量、
买方必须支付任何装运前强制检验的费用，出口国
过磅、点数 的费用）以及出口国有关当局在装运前
强制检验的费用。

The seller must, at its own expense, package the
goods, unless it is usual for the particular trade to
transport the type of goods sold unpackaged. The
seller
may
package
the
goods
in
the
manner
appropriate
for
their
transport,
unless
the
buyer
has
notified
the
seller
of
specific
packaging
requirements
before
the
contract
of
sale
is
concluded.
Packaging
is
to
be
marked
appropriately.
卖方必须自付费用包装货物，除非按照相关行业惯
有关当局强制进行的检验除外。














例，所售类型的货物通常无需包装发运。卖方应该
按照有关货 物运输所要求的方式包装货物，除非买
方在订立合同前已经通知卖方特殊的包装要求。包
装应作 适当标记。





B10
Assistance
with
information
and
related
costs
B10
信息协助及相关费用


The
buyer
must,
in
a
timely
manner,
advise
the
A10
Assistance
with
information
and
related
seller of any security information requirements so
that the seller may comply with A10.
costs

A10
信息协助及相关费用


The
seller
must,
where
applicable,
in
a
timely

manner,
provide
to
or
render
assistance
in

obtaining
for
the
buyer,
at
the
buyer’s
request,
买方必须及时通知卖方以便其按照
A10
规定提供
risk
and
expense,
any
documents
and
information,
including
security- related
任何必要的安全信息。

information, that the buyer needs for the import of
the
goods
and/or
for
their
transport
to
the
final

destination.


应买方要求并由其承担风险和费用，在需要办理清
The buyer must reimburse the seller for all costs
and charges incurred by the seller in providing or
关手续时，卖方必须给予买方一切及时的协助，以
rendering assistance in obtaining documents and
information as envisaged in A10.
帮助其取得包括买方为进口货物和
/
或为使货 物运
买方必须偿付卖方按照
A10
规定在买方获得相关
输到最终目的地所需的 有关货物安全信息在内的
凭证和信息时给予协助所发生的费用。

任何凭证和信息。

The
buyer
must,
where
applicable,
in
a
timely
The seller must reimburse the buyer for all costs
manner,
provide
to
or
render
assistance
in
and charges incurred by the buyer in providing or
obtaining for the seller, at the seller’s request, risk
rendering assistance in obtaining documents and
and
expense,
any
documents
and
information,
information as envisaged in B10.
including
security-related
information,
that
the
seller
needs
for
the
transport
and
export
of
the
卖方必须偿付买方按照
B10
规定在卖方获得相关
goods and for their transport through any country.
凭证和信息时给予协助所发生的费用。

应卖方要求并由其承担风险和费用，在需要办 理清
关手续时，买方必须给予卖方一切及时的协助，以
帮助其取得包括卖方为货物运输和出口和 必要时
从他国过境所需的有关货物安全信息在内的任何
凭证和信息。






















CIF-Cost Insurance and Freight Incoterms
(insert named port of destination)

GUIDANCE NOTE
This rule is to be used only for sea or inland waterway transport.
该术语仅适用于海运或内河运输。

“Cost, Insurance and Freight” means
that the seller delivers the goods on board the
vessel or procures the goods already so delivered. The risk of loss of or damage to the
goods passes when the goods are on board the vessel. The seller must contract for and
pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named port of destination.
“Cost, Insurance and Freight”
是指当卖方将货物运至船上或 取得已按此送交的货物，
即
完成交货。
当货物已运至船上时，
货物灭失或损坏 的风险发生转移。
卖方还必须订立货物运
至指定目的港的合同并支付成本和运费。

The
seller
also
contracts
for
insurance
cover
against
the
buyer’s
risk
of
loss
of
or
damage to the goods during the carriage. The buyer should note that under CIF the seller
is required to obtain insurance only on minimum cover. Should
the buyer wish
to have
more insurance protection, it will need either to agree as much expressly with the seller or
to make its own extra insurance arrangements.
卖方还必须办理买方货物在运输途中灭失或损坏风险的保险。买方应该注意
CIF
术语
只要求卖方投保最低限度的保险险别。
如买方需要更高的保险险别，
则需要与卖方明确 地达
成协议，或者自行作出额外的保险安排。

When CPT, CIP
, CFR, or CIF are used, the seller fulfils its obligation to deliver when it
hands the goods over to the carrier in the manner specified in the chosen rule and not
when the goods reach the place of destination.
当使用
CPT, CIP
, CFR
或

CIF
等术语时，卖方承担其将货物按照所 选规则指定的方式
交付承运人前所有风险和费用，而当货物运至指定目的地后，由买方承担一切风险和费 用。

This
rule
has
two
critical points,
because
risk
passes
and
costs
are
transferred
at
different
places.
While
the
contract
will
always
specify
a
destination
port,
it
might
not
specify the port of shipment, which is where risk passes to the buyer. If the shipment port
is of particular interest to the buyer, the parties are well advised to identify it as precisely
as possible in the contract.