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滞纳金人教版高中英语必修一直接引语和间接引语讲解.docx

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2021-01-24 16:52
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2021年1月24日发(作者:容易)
高中英语学习材料

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直接引语和间接引语

不同句式的间接引语

引述某人的话一般采用两种形式:一种是直接引语

Direct Speech

即原封不动地引用原话,把它放在引号内;另一种是间接引语

In direct Speech


即用自己的话加以转述,
被转述的内容不放 在引
号内。


直接引语是陈述句,变为间接引语时,在多数情况下都构成< br>一个
that
引导的宾语从句,引述动词通常是
say, tell
等。主句
中如果有
say to sb.,
通常变为
tell sb.
与此同时,间接引语中
的人称、时态和其他方面也要相应有所变化。

The foreigner said to me,

I like Beijing very much

.
那老外告诉我:我很喜欢北京。



The foreigner told me that he she liked Beijing very much.




那老外告诉我说他(她)很喜欢北京。

She said,

We are very fond of sports

.

她说:我们都喜欢体育运动。



She said that they were very fond of sports.




她说他(她)们都喜欢体运动。


I'll go over the grammar lesson once again

, he said.

他说:我将把语法课再复习一遍。


He said he would go over the grammar lesson once again.


他说他将要把语法课再复习一遍。

that
可省略)













一般疑问句改为间接引语时,要用陈述语序,并要加连词
if


whether
,其主句动词常用
ask,
wonder,
want
to
know, didn't know
等。句末不用问号。

My teacher asked me,

Do you like American country music


我老师问我:你喜欢美国乡村音乐吗?



My teacher asked me if/whether I liked American country
music.
我老师问我是否喜欢美国乡村音乐。



You haven't been to Beijing, have you?

asked he.



他问:你没去过北,是吗?



He asked me if/whether I had been to Beijing.



他问我是否去过北京。

定义


















































如果直接引语为否定的一般问句或选择疑问句时,用
连接。

She said, Don't you know my telephone number
她说:你难
道不知道我的电话号码吗?



She
asked
me
whether
I
knew
her
telephone
number
or
not.
她问我是知道她的电话号码。

Do you like this one or that one Tom asked.
汤姆问:你是喜
欢这个还是那个?



Tom asked me whether I liked this one or that one.
汤姆
问我是喜欢这个还是那个。








间接引语为特殊疑问句时 ,间接引语前仍然用特殊疑问
词作为连词引导宾语从句,注意从句必须用陈述语序,主
句谓语动 词常用
ask


He asked,

How do you like it?

.
他问:你觉得怎样?



He asked me how I liked it.
他问我觉得它怎样。

She asked me,

What's the matter with you?



她问我:你怎么啦?



She asked me what was the matter with me.

她问我我怎么啦。



英语中有些疑问句并非提出疑问,而是表示 请求、劝告、
建议等。这种疑问句变为间接引语时,往往采用其他的形
式。

①.
suggest doing

Shall we all go to the film tonight

, said Michael.


迈克尔说:我们今晚都去看电影,好吗?



Michael suggested going to the film tonight.




迈克尔建议今晚都去看电影。


What about having a drink?

he asked.


他问:喝杯怎么样?

He suggested having a drink.
他建议喝一杯。


②.
advise sb to do



Why don't you go hiking

, asked James.

詹姆士问:你为什么不徒步旅行?

James advised me to go hiking.
詹姆士建议我去徒步旅行。


. offer to do

He said,

Would you like me to post the letter?



他说:你要我寄信吗?


He offered to post the letter.
他主动提出寄信。

④.
ask sb to do

Will you please bring your reference book here tomorrow?

,
she said to me.

她对我说:劳驾你明天把你的参考书带来好吗?


She asked me to take my reference book there the next day.
她让我第二天把我的参考书带去。


1

直接引语为祈使 句时,
间接引语往往用复合宾来表示,
其结构为主语
+
谓语
+
宾语
+
宾语补足语
(动词不定式)


述动词可根据口气 选用
tell, ask, order, command, request
等词,句中
please
去掉。



She said to me,

Please have a res

t.



她对我说:请休息一下。





She asked me to have a rest.



她要求我休息一下。




Don't all answer at once

, she said to the pupils.




她对学生说:大家不要齐声回答。



She told the pupils not to answer all at once.




她叫学生不要齐声回答。

2

带有
let的祈使句
(表示请求,
建议或命令)

可用
suggest
+ -ing
形式或
suggest +that
从句来表示其相应的意思。




Let's go for a walk

, said the girl.



那姑娘说,让我们去散散步吧。





The girl suggested going for a walk.



这女孩建议去散散步。



The teacher said,

Let Lily tidy the classroom

.



老师说:让莉莉整理教室。





The teacher suggested that Lily should tidy the






classroom.
老师建议让莉莉整理教室。

1
.直接引语是感叹句变为间接引语时,多采用 宾语从句
结构,既可用
what

how
引导,也可用
th at
引导。




What a clever boy you are!

, my teacher said to him.




老师对他说,你是个聪明的孩子啊!





My teacher told him what a clever boy he was.




老师对他说他是一个多聪明的孩子啊。



He said,

How well you look!

.



他说:你看起来气色多好啊!





He said how well I looked.



他说我看起来是气色多好啊。


2
.有些感叹句可以根据原句的意 思,采用适当的动词变
为陈述句,不需用间接宾语来转述。




Help!

, he cried.
他喊到:救命啊!





He called for help.
他大声呼救。




What terrible weather it is!

, he said.



他说:多么糟糕的天气!





He complained about the terrible weather.



他抱怨这糟糕的天气。




Happy Christmas!

, he said.
他说:圣诞快乐!



He wished me a happy Christmas.
他祝我圣诞快乐。













使



















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