大事渲染七年级完形填空解题技巧

2021年1月22日发(作者：soldier)
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1
七年级完型填空题解题技巧一、
完形填空的特点是什么？完形填空是一种旨在考查考生的
阅读能力、
逻辑推理及分析归纳、综合判断能力的典型题，难易程度与初中教材相当，
词数< br>在
180-250
左右。文中平均每隔
25
个词左右设一空。人名、地 名、日期等不在设空之列。
隔词数越少，题目越难；反之亦然。文体多以记叙文为主，首句通常不设空。 考查内容集中
在对名词、
动词、
代词、
形容词和副词等实词的理解上。
完形填空考查的就是你能否在缺字，
不认得字、
词语的情况下，能否通过推理判断、综合分析 等全面理解文章的正确意思，
然后
把答案填入空白处，
使短文前后连贯、意思通顺、< br>结构完整合理。
它的一个显著特点就是突
出语篇，
即重在文意的干扰，
把具体的语言知识融进具体的语言情境中去，
考查学生通过上
下文对整体文意进行把握的能力。
二、
完形填空题的设置方法

1.
句子层次的设空
（从词汇、
惯用法
,
语法规则的实际应用方面进行 设计）指那些只需读懂“空格”所在句子便可选出答
案的题目，
包括词义识别，
同义词 辨析，
英语惯用法
,
语法规则的实际应用。
例
1
：
When you
take your clothes off, remember to

86 . Get into the habit of(
养成…的习惯
) taking glasses and
plates down to the kitchen. Before long you
’
ll be doing it without thinking. (




) 86. A. hang
them up

B. leave them alone

C. put them on

D. throw them away
例
2
：
Only Mother
’
s Love
is true love. She gives you everything all her life. When you are a baby, mother looks after you


16

. In your waking hours she always holds you in her arms. When you are ill, she


17


her
work
right
away
to
look
after
you.
When
you
are
growing
up,
she
feels


18

.
(


)16.
A.
careful B. carefully C. good D. badly (


)17. A. does B. goes on C. stops D. likes (


)18. A. sad B.
silly C. upset D. happy 2.
句群层次的设空

(
从语篇角度综合测试考生的阅读理解能力
)


2 < br>指根据上下文的内容，
经过推理判断可以得到答案的题目。
这种题目相对较难，
但只要你
能根据上下文的内容进行考虑，
一定能选出正确的答案。
①前制性设空：即根据上文有关内
容即可确定答案的题目。例
1
：
It was an English speech contest. My mother asked me to take
part in it. What a terrible idea! It meant I had to ____ in front of all the teachers and students of
my
school!
A.
write



B.
speak



C.
sing




D.
dance
例
2
：
Sometimes
you
may
not
understand your parents. One minute they
’
re friendly, the next minute they
’
re shouting and
screaming(
尖叫
) loudly enough for the whole street to hear. So who makes them so 85

. You,
probably! (




) 85. A. friendly


B. lonely

C. changeable

D. comfortable(
舒适的
)
②后制
性设空：指那些需要根据下文内 容才能选出正确答案的题目，即在下文某处有提示。例
1
：
Nobody ____ him in the village. One day he said to them,
“
I know you don
’
t like me
…”






A.
believed



B.
liked




C.
hated




D.
knew

例
2
：

Country
music
comes
from
____
kinds of music. One is the traditional music of tall mountain people in the eastern United States.
The other is traditional cowboy music from the American West.





A. many








B. all







C. two






D. three Even though you may not realize(
意识到
) it, your parents have bought
you
many
clothes.
But
they
’
re
not
buying
themselves
new
things
every week,
are
they? The
simple truth is that there are more

87


things to spend money on, like the electricity(
电
) bill
and food. (




) 87. A. interesting


B. difficult



C. important


D. surprising 3.
语篇性设
空


(
从语篇角度综合测试考生的阅读理解能力
)
指那些需要联系全 文的情境、内容才能确
定正确答案的设空。
这种题目难度较高，
需要我们在全面理解文 章的正确意思下才能做出正
确的选择，
这种题目主要用于拉开优秀生与其他学生的分数，
但题目不会太多。
例：
Sometimes
you
may
not
understand
your
parents….You
might
not
want
to
eat,
but
think
of
it
from
the
parents’ point of view. If you cook two meals a day, it means 730 meals a year. Can you imagine
how boring this can get? Imagine how your parents feel when you say you’re not really h
ungry.

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90 , your parents are probably worried that you aren’t eating enough. (




) 90. A. In addition


B. In return



C. At most


D. At last


3

三、完形填空解题步骤与要领第一步：细读首句，跳过空格，通读全文，掌握大意细读
首句
:
明确短文话题，了解篇章结构
,
预测全文内容。跳过空格，快速通读，领会大意，把握
中心。生词的处理；跳过、判断词性、了解大意、猜测。第二步：上下联系，逐句阅读，先
易后 难，
初定答案。
答案要求语法正确
,
搭配无误
,
结构完整，
意思通顺
,
前后一致
,
逻辑得
当。
怎样分析：


A.
从空格所在的句子单独考虑。

B.
从空格所在的前后
2-3
句考虑。

C.
从
整个段落、整篇短文考虑。思路一
:
分析句子结构，从语法和句型结构考虑。思路二
:
理解
句子含义，判断句义关系，从词汇的意义、用法和搭配考虑。思路三
:
把握整体意思，寻找
答题线索，从上下文考虑。思路四
:
结合前后语境，进 行逻辑推理，从日常生活常识考虑。
第三步：复读全文，逐个核对，验证答案，坚定信心。▲怎样验证答 案：①所选答案是否能
使全文流畅，逻辑推理是否正确。②具体实事是否成立，
前后关系是否理 顺。③语法是否正
确，其中包括时态的选择、词汇选择、固定搭配等。
④在通读全文时最好在可 能的条件下将
所选答案填入文章中，反复阅读。四、具体的解题方法与技巧在解题时，除了运用“前制性
设空”
、
“后制性设空”和“语篇性设空”的知识进行解题外，还有


4
下面三种方法与技巧可供参考。
（１）语意第一，语法第二原则。根据 文化背景和生活常
识，
利用上下文线索，
分析并列句的因果关系，
可以选出正 确答案。
例
1
：
A young father was
visiting
an
old
neighbor.
They
were
standing
in
the
old
man's
garden
and
talking
about
______
．
people
【点拨】
【
A young father was visiting an old
neighbor. They were standing in the old man's garden, and talking about __________. The young
man said,
】例
2
：
Little Tom wondered what
would
happen
to
the
eggs.
Two
weeks
later,
little
Tom
found
some
chicks
____
out
of
the
shells(
蛋壳
).




A. walked





B. ran



C. jumped









D. struggled

例
3
：
It took
Charlie Mui several months to save up seven dollars. He wanted to ______ a model plane and
went to the shop with the money



（２）语法正确，注意细节的原
则。在语意正确的前题下，还要根据学过的语法知识，词语辨析 、习惯用法、固定搭配等方
面选择正确答案。
如：
例
1
：

One night the dog began to bark suddenly. It made MrErens

___
①
___ to sleep. He had to get up and tried his __
②

___

to stop it
，

but the beast wouldn't
stop
，

and kept on ____
③

___.


①
not


go



to go



not go
②

③



bark



例
2
：Ｍ
r Evans is an old
man of about sixty, His wife died a few years ago. His children ______ him by then
．


5


leave


left



left?
（３）从语法方面，根据所给答案的不
同词类，从不同角度分别考虑选择。

a.
名词的选择，应联系文章主题及空格前后出现的有
关词，注意其性和数的一致。


b.
动词的选择，要注意词义和惯用搭配，还要区分近义词之
间的用法差异 及所给词的形式。考虑动词的时态、语态和是否是要填入非谓语动词。

c.
介
词的选择，应注意其惯用法，特别是与动词或其他词组成的固定搭配。


d.
代词的选择，要
注意性
(
男或女
)
、数
(
单复数
)
、格
(
主格、宾格、形代、名代
)
是否准确。


e.
连词的选择，要
注意分析前后句或上下文的逻辑关系。

f.
形容词和副词的选择，要注意词义的区别，用于
比较时，
还要注意比较级和最 高级等。
例如：

A man and his wife had a small bar(
酒吧
) near a
station. They often worked late into the night
，

____
①

__

people came to drink there while
they were

__
②
__

trains. At two o'clock one morning
，

one man was still at a table in the
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small
bar.
He
was
asleep.
The
bar
man's
wife
wanted
to
leave.
She
looked
_
③

__
the
bar
several times
，

and each time the man was

___
④

__ there
，

Then at last she went to her
husband and said to him
，



__
⑤

__

that man six times
，

George
，

___
⑥

__ he isn't
drinking
anything?
①

soon
as




e









②
ng
up
with



g on



g after


g for
③







of
④
y
⑤

woken





woken




wake

⑥

五、
【实例讲解】


6
【例
1
】
Last year I bought some flower pots (
花盆
). I didn
’
t __41__ them at once. One day, I
went to a shop __42___ some flower seeds(
种子
). Then I put them into a pot with soil (
土壤
) and
watered them. For a few days, ___43____happened. I went on watching. On the ____44___day, I
finally saw the seeds develop and felt so ___45____.

Our life is sometimes like an ____46____
flower pot with nothing inside. Our days are filled with lots of different things. We usually don’t
do
them
___47___
we
think
they’re
not
very
important.
But
___
48___we
find
that
some
important
things
are
gone.
Those
things
we
lose
in
life
are
seeds
of
hope,
love
and
dreams.

Planting fun in hearts is just like __49___flowers. The seeds of fun in hearts will develop as the
seeds of flowers. So if I plant __50__ of hope, I can expect something wonderful. (2012
年昆明市
学业水平考试
)
(




)41.
A.
make





B.
use





C.
buy




(




)42.
A.
for





B.
by





C.
without



(




)43.
A.
everything




B.
something



C.
nothing




(




)44. A. tenth





B. ten





C. twelve

(




)45. A. worried




B. happy




C.
tired



(




)46.
A.
big





B.
colorful




C.
empty


(




)47.
A.
so






B.
that





C. because

(




)48. A. when





B. after





C. later


(




)49. A. keeping




B.
growing




C.
watering

(




)50.
A.
seeds





B.
soil





C.
pots

【例
2
】
Different
things usually stand for different feelings. Red, for example, is the color of fire, heat, blood and
life. People say red is an exciting and active color. They associate
（使发生联系）
red with a strong
feeling like


1

. Red is used for signs of


2

, such as STOP signs and fire engines. Orange is
the bright, warm color of


3


in autumn. People say orange is a


4


color. They associate
orange
with
happiness.
Yellow
is
the
color
of
__5__.
People
say
it
is
a
cheerful
color.
They
associate yellow too, with happiness. Green is the cool color of grass in __6__. People say it is a
refreshing color. In general, people __7__ two groups of colors: warm colors and cool colors. The
warm colors are red, orange and __8__. Where there are warm color and a lot of light, people
usually want to be __9__. Those who like to be with __10 _ like red. The cool colors are __11_

and
blue.
Where
are
these
colors,
people
are
usually
worried.
Some
scientists
say
that
time
seems to __12 _ more slowly in a room with warm colors. They suggest that a warm color is a
good __13_

for a living room or a __14_ . People who are having a rest or are eating do not
want time to pass quickly. __15


colors are better for some offices if the people working there
want
time
to
pass
quickly.
(




)1.
A.
sadness


B.
anger


C.
administration

D.
smile
(




)2.
A.
roads





B.
ways



C.
danger



D.
places

(




)3.
A.
land



B.
leaves


C.
grass




D.
mountains
(




)4.
A.
lively





B.
dark


C.
noisy




D.
frightening

(




)5. A. moonlight


B. light



C. sunlight



D. stars



7 (




)6. A. summer



B. spring


C. autumn


D. winter

(




)7. A. speak





B. say



C. talk about



D. tell

(




)8. A. green


B. yellow


C. white




D. gray

(




)9. A.
calm




B.
sleepy


C.
active



D.
helpful

(




)10.
A.
the
other



B.
another


C.