商检单城市轨道交通车辆专业英语

2021年1月20日发(作者：出来英文)
Made by Irving Wang
COMPONENTS
组成：

body
车身

It is to accommodate passengers and the driver.
这是为了容纳乘客和司机。

Meanwhile, it is the basic component to connect to other devices or car bodies.
同时，它是连接到其他设备或车身的基本部件。

For the purpose of meeting the strength requirement while keeping the self-weight at its lowest.
为了满足强度要求，同时保持自重最低。

Integrated steel structure or light metal structure is adopted.
采用整体式钢结构或轻型金属结构。

It usually comprises of the floor, the roof, sides and end walls.
它通常包括地板、屋顶、侧壁和端壁。

2. Bogies
转向架

Motor and trailer bogies are located between the car body and the track, to drag and guide the
vehicles moving along the track.
汽车和拖车转向架位于车体与轨道之间，拖曳和引导车辆沿轨道运动。

They
cab
bear
and
transfer
a
variety
of
load
from
lines
and
the
car
body,
easing
its
dynamic
action.
他们从线路和车体上承担和传递各种载荷，减轻其动力作用。

It usually comprises of frame, spring suspension, wheel axle box and brake devices, etc.
它通常包括车架、弹簧悬架、车轮轴箱和制动装置等。

3. Traction and Buffer devices
牵引缓冲装置

The devices function together as the coupler which helps to improve the vertical stability.
这些器件作为耦合器一起起作用，有助于提高垂直稳定性。

Buffer devices are included in couplers to mitigate the train jerk.
缓冲装置包括在耦合器中以减轻火车颠簸。

They are also used to connect the electrical lines and air lines between vehicles.
它们也用于连接车辆之间的电线和空气线。

4. Braking devices
制动装置

They are crucial to the operation safety of the train.
它们对列车的运行安全至关重要。

They are installed in motor cars and trailer cars to ensure that the operation vehicles can be slow
down as commanded and that the brake stopping distance is within required limit.
它们安装在机动车辆和拖车中，
以确保操作 车辆可以按命令减速，
制动停止距离在规定的限
度内。

In addition to conventional pneumatic braking, electro-dynamic braking is introduced.
除了传统的气动制动之外，还引入了电动制动。

5.

collection set
受电弓

The collectors are used to lead current to motor cars.
收集器是用来引导汽车电流的。

Methods: trolley, bow, side, third rail, pantograph collectors.
方法：台车、弓、边、第三轨、受电弓收集器。

As
to
the
power
supply,
DC
750
V
is
widely
used
in
many
cities
with
metros,
Beijing
Metro.
Shanghai Metro used DC 1500 V. DC 600V is rarely used.

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至于电源，直流
750
V
广泛使用在许多城市与地铁，北京地铁。上海地铁采用直流
1500
V
直流
600
伏很少使用。

6. Inner equipment
内部设备

The equipment refers to the fixed facilities accommodating passengers in the car body,including
such equipment as ventilation, heating , air conditions, seats, hand rails, etc.
该设备是指在车厢内容纳乘客的固定设施，包括通风、供暖、空调、座椅、扶手等设备。

The
equipment
also
refers
to
accessories
supporting
the
operation
of
the
vehicle,
which
are
mostly those suspending in the car chassis, such as bogies, battery box, the traction braking box.
该设备还涉及支持车辆运行的附件，
主要是悬 挂在汽车底盘上的车辆，
如转向架、
蓄电池箱、
牵引制动箱。

7. Electrical system
电气系统

Electrical systems include a variety of electrical facilities in vehicles and the corresponding control
circuits.
电气系统包括车辆中的各种电气设备和相应的控制电路。

They
can
be
generally
divided
into
3
sections:
the
main
electrical
system,
the
auxiliary
circuit
system, and the electronic control system.
它们一般可分为
3
个部分：主电气系统、辅助电路系统和电子控制系统。

TECHNICAL PARAMETERS
技术参数

Performance parameters
性能参数：

Selfweight,Load,Volume,Designing velocity,Axle weight,Track load of every lengthening meter,The
negotiating minimum curve radius,Axis columns numbers,The maximum start acceleration,Power
indicator
of
every
ton,Supply
voltage,Braking
type,The
number
of
seats
and
the
number
of
standing passengers per square meter
每个加长计 的自重、载荷、体积、设计速度、轴重、轨道载荷、最小曲线半径、轴列数、最
大起动加速度、每吨功率 指示器、供电电压、制动类型、座位数和站立乘客数。平方米

Dimension parameters
尺寸参数：

The
whole
length,Maximum
width,Maximum
height
of
vehicle,The
car
body
length ,Width ,Height ,Vehicle interval ,Fixed bogie wheelbase ,The whole wheelbase ,The height
from coupler ,center line to the track surface ,The floor height
车辆的全长、最大宽度、最大高度、车体长度、宽度、高度、车 辆间隔、固定转向架轴距、
整个轴距、车钩高度、轨道表面中心线、地面高度

FUTHER READING
进一步阅读

Public transport is a shared passenger service which is available for use by the general public.
公共交通是一种共享的客运服务，可供广大市民使用。

Public transport modes include buses, trolleybuses, trams and trains, rapid transit and ferries.
公共交通方式包括公共汽车、无轨电车、电车和火车、快速交通工具和渡轮。

Intercity public transport is dominated by airlines, coaches and intercity rail.
城际公共交通由航空公司、长途汽车和城际铁路所主导。

High-speed rail networks are being developed in many parts of the world.
世界许多地区正在开发高速铁路网。

Most
public
transport
runs
a
scheduled
timetable
with
most
frequent
services
running
to
a
headway.
大多数公共交通运行着一个预定的时间表，最频繁的服务正朝着一个方向发展。



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Car Body Structure
车身结构

The car body frame is of flat profile types, permits to use cold cast covering.
车体框架为平面型，允许使用冷铸造覆盖物。

The material is polyurethane resin base with elastomer granulates, which can form continuous,
smooth surface over the full length of the saloon.
该材料是聚氨酯树脂基弹性体颗粒，可以形成连续，光滑的表面在
The Saloon
夜店全长。

It has not any junction points and is perfectly resistant to cleaning water.
它没有任何连接点，完全防水。

The most important part of the rail transit vehicle structure
轨道交通车辆结构中最重要的部分

The primary structure of the car body shell is integrated design suitable for rapid transit service
with no fatigue or permanent deformation failures under normal operation conditions.
车身壳体的主要结构是适合于快速运输 服务的集成设计，
在正常操作条件下没有疲劳或永久
变形故障。

It is composed of 6parts: The base frame, the roof, the two side walls, the two end walls, and the
roof.
它由
6
部分组成：基础框架、屋顶、两个侧壁、两个端壁和屋顶。

The body structure is of adequate strength to resist the stress imposed by the specification.
车身结构具有足够的强度以抵抗规范所施加的应力。

The
car
body
shell
is
self-supporting
rigid
structure,
made
and
composed
of
large
aluminum
extrusions sections connected by welding.
车体壳体为自承式刚性结构，由大型铝挤压型材焊接而成。

Integrated
Design:
The
shell
is
designed
as
a
tube,
all
profiles
are
welded
together
in
a
longitudinal
direction,
providing
high
rigidity
of
the
car
body whilst
using
minimum
amount
of
material.
整体设计：
外壳设计为一个管子，所有型材纵向 焊接在一起，
提供车身的高刚性，
同时使用
最少的材料。

The body strength can meet the following requirements: dynamic load, static load, impact load
applied under operating conditions and all other conditions, eg. jerking, lifting, coupling.
车身 强度可满足以下要求：
动载荷、
静载荷、
在工作条件下施加的冲击载荷和所有其它条件 ，
如挺举、提升、联轴器。

The
floor
beams
are
provided
to
meet
car
body
strength
requirements
and
support
the
under-floor equipment.
地板梁是为了满足车身强度要求而提供的，并支撑地板下的设备。

The
floor
panels
are
of
a
hollow,
internally
braced
structure
where
necessary
to
support
the
under-floor apparatus.
地板是中空的，内部支撑结构，必要时支撑地板设备。

CAR BODY INTERIOR MOUNTINGS
车体内部装置
:
Design of interior styling concept:Functional requirements,Ergonomics,Aesthetics
室内造型概念设计：功能需求、人机工程学、美学

Interior Mountings:Floor covering and floor profile,Ceiling,Seating,Grab poles and hand rails
内部安装：地板覆盖物和地板型材，天花板，座椅，抓斗杆和扶手

Wall
lining
and
window
seals .The
cab
t
ic
cabinets
and
ATC
cubicle.

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墙壁衬里和窗户密封
.
驾驶室布置
.
通风屏
.
电气 柜和
ATC
隔间
.
Floor covering and floor profiles:
地板覆盖物和地板型材：

Undersurface is thermally protected with a layer of insulation material backed by a stainless steel
sheet.
下表面用不锈钢材料支撑的绝缘材料层进行热保护。

An effective fire barrier for 45 minutes.
有效的防火屏障
45
分钟。

Resist any changes and keep its performance or appearance.
抵制任何变化，并保持其表现或外观。

Upper side elastomer covering is subjected to dust.
上侧弹性体覆盖物受到灰尘的影响。

Ceiling
天花板：

Longitudinal beam
－
aluminum profiles
纵梁
-
铝型材

Cross bar
－

aluminum profiles
横杆
-
铝型材

Roof arches
－

aluminum profiles
屋顶拱
-
铝型材

Lights
灯
/Rear diffuser
－

aluminum profiles
后扩散器铝型材

Diffuser
扩散器
/Ceiling panel
顶板

Seats:
座位：

meets ergonomic requirements to offer comfortable sitting conditions.
符合人体工程学要求，提供舒适的坐姿。

The
benches
is
always
fitted
with
longitudinally
installed
seats.
This
arrangement
allows
for
sufficient
seating
capacity
in
off-peak
hours
combined
with
high
capacities
for
standing
passengers during peak hours.
长椅总是配有纵向安装的座 椅。
这种安排允许在非高峰时段有足够的座位容量，
同时在高峰
时间为站立的乘客提供 高容量。

Grab poles and hand rails
抓斗杆和扶手：

The vehicle are provided with sufficient rails, to ensure people to stand in the saloon to reach a
handhold. Grab poles and handrails are fabricated from stainless steel and are durably finished.
车辆配备有足够的钢轨，
以确保人们站在
The Saloon
夜店到达手持式。
抓斗杆和扶手由不锈
钢制成，耐用地完成。

Wall lining and window seals:
墙衬和窗密封：

The walls panel fitted with clips on the structure
墙板镶有结构上的夹子

The lower window sills behind the window and the wall panel
窗户和墙板后面的窗台下面

A standback corner on each door side
每个门背后的一个倒立的角落

CAR BODY EXTERIOR ARRANGEMENT
车身外观布置

Passage side windows
通道侧窗
Passage access doors
通道通道门
The door window
门窗

Emergency exit door
紧急出口门
Air conditioning system
空调系统
others
其他

Passage side windows
通道侧窗
:
Small and large ones
小的和大的
Located on the right and left sides
位于左右两侧

Simple-part and double-blazed
简单部分和双重闪耀

Rubber sealing
橡胶密封
No jointing
无节理
Waterprooof
水上乐园

Easy replacement from inside
从内部容易更换

Passage access doors
通道入口门：

Double leaf sliding plug door
双叶塞拉门


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10 doors for each car, 5 doors symmetrically located on each side
每辆车有
10
个门，两边有
5
个对称的门。

Each electrical sliding plug door is controlled by one Door Control Unit (DCU).
每个电动滑塞门由一个门控制单元（
DCU
）控制。

Support
Bar
attached
to
vehicle
via
a
base
console
—
take
all
the
weight
and
provide
parallel
position during opening and closing.
通过一个基 本控制台连接到车辆的支撑杆承受所有的重量并在打开和关闭期间提供平行位
置。

Door leaf
门扇：

Aluminium sandwich construction
铝夹层结构

The edge flanged to the frame
边框凸缘

The internal surface is flush (supporting fixings)
内表面平齐（支撑固定）

Glazing
—
flush outside skin
外皮上釉

Rubber extrusions
—
environmental sealing
橡胶挤出机环境密封

The leading edge
—
hollow rubber fire retardant
前缘中空橡胶阻燃剂


Retaining devices
—
at front of the leading edge
前缘前部的保持装置

threshold-mounted closed door to meet deflection requirement
门限闭门以满足挠度要求

Retaining edge
—
on upper trailing edge
上尾缘挡边

Door window
门窗：

Single-glazed window
—
upper portion
单玻璃窗上部

Neoprene mounting rubber
氯丁橡胶安装橡胶

Drop window
—
cab sliding door
落窗驾驶室滑动门

Two windshields
—
laminated safety glassprovide visibility of the track, track signals.
双层挡风玻璃夹层安全玻璃提供轨道、轨道信号的可视性。

Defrost device
—
demisting and defrosting
除霜装置除霜除霜

resistor integrated/heating foil (transparent tin oxide layer inner side)
电阻集成
/
加热箔（透明氧化锡层内侧）

The
windshield
wipers
are
operated
by
using
the
switch
on
the
diver
’
s
desk
or
on
the
non-operating desk
挡风玻璃雨刷是通过使用潜水员桌子上的开关或在非操作台上操作的。

Emergency exit door (Escape ramp)
紧急出口门（逃生坡道）
：

On the front side of the cab
在驾驶室的前侧

Open and deploys
–

in its final position
打开和部署
-
在它的最终位置

Passenger descend from cab floor down to track level
乘客从驾驶室地板下降到轨道高度

Front light and cab light automatically switched on
前照灯和驾驶室灯自动接通

The emergency door is always ready to be used.
应急门随时准备使用。

Air conditioning system
空调系统

Roof- mounted
屋顶安装的
Ventilation and air conditioning
通风空调

Dusting system
—
above the ceiling
天花板上方的除尘系统
Evenly distributed
均匀分布

Pleasant temperature and humidity inside
内温舒适

Sufficient fresh air
—
in case of very extreme hot and humidity environment outside.
足够的新鲜空气，在非常极端的高温和潮湿环境之外。

The floor, the roof, side walls and end walls are thermally and acoustically insulated on the car
body.

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地板、屋顶、侧壁和端壁在车身上进行热声隔音。

Thermoral insulating material: non-rotting, non-degrading property
—
cooling performance.
保温材料：不腐烂、不易降解的冷却性能。

Floor
—
temperature resistant mineral wool
—
specified fire safety performance.
耐地温矿物棉防火性能规定。

Acoustic insulation
—
interior lingings.
隔音内饰。
Heavy-duty mat bounded
重型毡界

Bogies
转向架

One of the most important components, affect the running operation, dynamic performance and
driving safety.
其中最重要的部件之一是影响行车运行、动力性能和行车安全。

Swivel- connected to the under-frame of the car body by the center pivot plate arrangement.
通过中心枢轴板的布置将转体连接到车身的下框架。

Function
功能

－
supporting of the car body
车体支撑

－
Suspending and damping the car body
悬挂和减振车身

－
Movement of train
列车运行

－
Braking of train
列车制动

Wheelsets

(wheels,
axle,
axle
boxes,
earthing
brush,
slip-slide
generator,
speed
generator),
two
spring
suspension system, Bogie frame, Brakes, Traction dive unite, connection of bogie to the car body.
轮对（车轮、车轴、轴箱、接地电刷、滑移滑块发电机、速度发电 机）
、双弹簧悬挂系统、
转向架框架、制动器、牵引下潜器、转向架与车体的连接。

Wheelsets
轮对

Solid bodied wheels.
坚实的车轮。

Wheels are shrunk on to the axles.
轮子收缩到车轴上。

The axles are supported in standard Taper Bearing Unites which are pressed fit onto the axles.
轴支撑在标准锥度轴承轴承上，压合在轴上。

Each
wheelset
is
designed
to
be
equipped
with
earthing
contact
at
one
wheelset
end
where
required and with a speed sensor at the other end.
每个轮对被设计成在需要的一个轮对端装备接地接触，另一端设置速度传感器。

Suspension system
悬挂系统

Primary and secondary suspension
一、二级悬挂

Primary suspension works between the wheelsets and bogie frame.
轮对和转向架框架之间的主要悬挂工程。

Wheelsets are provided and guided by Chevron type primary spring with inherent damp and free
of wear and tear.
轮轴是由具有固有阻尼和无磨损的雪佛龙型初级弹簧提供和引导的。

Transmit forces of all three directions from wheelset to bogie frame.
将所有三个方向的力从轮对传递到转向架框架。

Secondary suspension works between bogie frame and car body.
转向架车架与车身之间的二次悬挂工程。

Provided with two air springs.
设有两个空气弹簧。

Serve
for
automatic
adjustment
of
car
body
height
at
different
loads
controlled
by
air
spring
leveling values.

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适用于空气弹簧平衡值控制的不同载荷下车身高度的自动调节。

Protect the bogie frame and vehicles from excessive shock loads from track.
保护转向架框架和车辆不受轨道冲击载荷的影响。

Avoid derail and achieve good curving performance.
避免脱轨，达到良好的弯曲性能。

Brakes
制动器

Consist of dynamic braking and four block brake unites on each motor bogie and trailer bogie.
包括在每个转向架和挂车转向架上的动态制动和四个块制动单元。

Two of the block brake units of each bogie are additionally equipped with spring brake actuators
for the parking brake.
每个转向架的两个块制动单元另外配备有用于驻车制动器的弹簧制动致动器。

Others
—
Traction linkage
其他牵引联动装置

Equipped with silent rubber blocks.
配备无声橡胶块。

transmits traction and braking forces between vehicles and bogies.
在车辆和转向架之间传递牵引力和制动力。

Permits full movement (lateral vertical, yaw pitch), restricted longitudinal displacement.
允许完全运动（横向垂直，偏航螺距）
，限制纵向位移。

Others
—
Anti Roll Bar
其他防滚杆

Fitted with rubber
装有橡胶

Minimize the transmission of noise and vibration from track into vehicle.
最小化从轨道到车辆的噪声和振动的传递。

Controls any lateral(roll) movement
控制任何横向（辊）运动

Connects between the bogie and vehicle body.
转向架与车体连接。

Others
其他

Shock absorber damp in a vertical and horizontal direction.
减震器在垂直和水平方向上受潮。

Buffers limit the lateral movement of the car body.
缓冲器限制了车身的横向运动。

Guiding rods are equipped with silent rubber blocks transmit propulsion and braking forces to the
car body.
导向杆装有无声橡胶块，向车身传递推进力和制动力。

Antenna for the ATP system equipped in some trailer bogies.
在一些挂车转向架上装有
ATP
系统的天线。

Coupler
耦合器

Important and widely used.
重要而广泛应用。

Couple trains, achieving mechanical coupling, electrical coupling, air pip coupling
耦合列车，实现机械耦合，电耦合，空气
PIP
耦合

Transmit and relieve the longitudinal force generated during vehicle working and shunting.
传递和缓解车辆工作和分流过程中产生的纵向力。

Connection method of the traction
牵引连接方式

Automatic
Coupler:Designed
to
couple
trains
and
to
protect
vehicles
from
damage
to
shock
absorption device.
自动耦合器：设计用来连接火车并保护车辆不受减震装置损坏。

Semi-automatic coupler:Designed to couple two half trains to constitute a train, in the event of
an overload condition during collisions
半自动联结器：在碰撞过程中过载情况下，将两个半列耦合成一列列车。


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