小粒2013年12月英语四级改革后新题型汉译英

2021年1月20日发(作者：辛苦)

1.
挖掘考点：



由样题可以看出，翻译 题越来越重视中国的历史、文化，也就是越来越接地气。所以，
建议考生有意识的积累和背诵一些和中国 节日、
历史事件、
经济和社会发展相关的词汇。
关
注以反映中国社会为主的一 些英文杂志和报纸。
例如中国日报及其网站。
大家每天看看网站
中头条新闻，
配合中文新闻的背景，
就可以学到很多表达。
推荐一个中国日报网站下面的一
个小栏目 ：
language tips
，有大量简单实用的双语文章。



2.
实战演练：



【汉译英
1
】< br>波士顿咨询公司最近做的一项研究显示，
到
2020
年中国将会有
2. 2
亿家庭
收入在
2
万到
100
万美元的富裕消费者。
这些消费者中
75%
住在
“
较小城市
”
。
随着网 络的发
展，
较小城市的消费者的一种必然趋势是他们更加依赖社交网络服务上的信息。
很多网络顾
客都是通过微信、微博和
QQ
空间分组的。据估计今年中国将会有
2.5
亿消费者进行网购，
位于四线城市的消费者平均每人会花费他们
50%
或者更高的工资在网购上，这一数据要比
一线城市的消费者的花费高。



【参考译文】
A recent study conducted by the Boston Consulting Group says there will be 220
million affluent consumers, who are from households earning between $$ 20,000 to $$ 1 million, in
China by 2020, and 75 percent of them will live in “smaller” cities. With the development of the
Internet,
an
inevitable
trend
among
these
consumers
is
they
are
much
more
dependent
on
information from social networking services. Many of the website’s customers are “grouped” by
Wechat, Weibo and QQ Zones. It is now estimated that 250 million Chinese consumers will shop
online this
year and the average shopper in a fourth-tier city in China will spend 50 percent or
more of their income on e-commerce than those in top-tier cities.


【汉译英
2
】聘金是中国传统习俗的一部分。 这一习惯在整个中国都很普遍。但是近几
年来其标准不断上升，
致使大多数家庭都很难达到。< br>高额的聘礼常常
“
抢劫
”
了新郎父母必生
的积蓄，
甚 至引起家庭纠纷。
此外，
许多新婚夫妇被迫举行奢侈的婚礼宴会，
在这个过程中，大量债务的累积可能使他们的新婚生活变得辛酸，
至少在最初阶段是这样。
想想老一辈节俭
的婚礼，虽然简简单单，但也幸福美满，没有给他们婚后的生活带来任何负担。

【参考译文】
Endowment may be part of Chinese tradition, but the standards have become so
high
in
recent
years
that
a
majority
of
families
are
finding
it
difficult
to
meet
them.
The
high
endowm
ent amounts often rob grooms’ parents of their life’s savings and causes family disputes.
Besides, many newly married couples are forced to host extravagant wedding ceremonies to keep
up with the Joneses and, in the process, run up huge debts that could turn their married life sour, at
least in the initial phase. Considering the frugal wedding of many parents, simple but happiness,
didn’t have any bearing on their married life.


【汉译英
3
】我整整一生都处于对 武术的痴迷之中。但是当我搬到一个有功夫俱乐部的城市
时，
我才真正体会到了武术的魅力，< br>同时也完全理解了为什么人们称它为一种艺术。
它是一
种战斗同时也是在进行一种自我防 卫，
这其实也达到了让你更加了解自己的身体，
从而使它
变得更加强壮和健康的目的。
功夫是一门完整的哲学，
而且是中国文化的重要组成部分。
当
我开始练习功夫 的时候，
我才意识到它有多么地困难，
哪怕是简单的一踢或者一打就需要几
个月的时间 去练习。但是我太爱它了
!
一个全新的世界正向我敞开它的大门。



【参考译文】
My whole life
I’ve been interested in martial arts. But it was only when I moved
to another city where there was a Kungfu club, that I really enjoyed it and fully understood why
they call it an art. It is fighting and defending yourself, but it also understanding your body more,
making it stronger and healthier. Kungfu is a whole philosophy and is a big part of Chinese culture.
When
I
started
to
practice
kungfu,
I
realized
how
difficult
it
was
and
a
simple
kick
or
punch
demanded months of practice. But I loved it! A whole new world was opening to me.


【汉译英
4】来自利物浦大学的科学家、心理学家和英文教授发现，阅读莎士比亚及其
他古典作家的作品对心智 发展大有裨益。
这些作品能够抓住读者的注意力，
引发读者的自我
反思。研究还发现， 阅读书籍，尤其是诗歌，可以增加与
“
自传体记忆
”
有关的大脑右半球的活动频率，
有助于读者根据阅读内容对个人经历进行反思和重新评价。
学者们表示，
这意味
着阅读古典作品比阅读自助类书籍更有帮助。



【参考译文】
Scientists, psychologists and English academics at Liverpool University have
found that reading the works of Shakespeare and other classical writers has a beneficial effect on
the mind, catches the reader’s attention and triggers moments of self
-reflection. The research also
found that reading poetry, in particular, increases activity in the right hemisphere of the brain, an
area concerned with “autobiographical memory”, helping the reader to reflect on and reappraise
their own experiences in light of what they have read. The academics said this meant the classics
were more useful than self-help books.
【汉译英

5
】
随着中国日益成为韩国的重要贸易伙 伴，
两国的联系从外交和贸易延伸到了教
育领域。
中国是韩国最大的出口目的地，吸收了韩国约四分之一的出口产品，
同时也吸引了
韩国超过四分之一的留学生。虽然在美国 留学的好处之一是可以练习英语
(
对找工作的人来
说英语依然是最重要的语言
)
，但韩国雇主对有中国经历的毕业生的需求越来越大。比如三
星集团两年前说，具有中文语言 能力的求职者会得到额外的加分。



【参考译文】
As
China’s
increasing
importance
as
a
trading
partner
becomes
palpable
in
neighboring
South
Korea,
the
connections
between
the
countries
are
extending
from
diplomacy
and trade to education. The middle kingdom is South Korea’s biggest export destinat
ion, taking
around a quarter of its exports
—and it’s also taking more than a quarter of its neighbor’s foreign
college students. Part of the benefit of a U. S. education is practice speaking English, which is still
seen
as
the
most
important
language
for
job
seekers,
but
Korean
employers
are
increasingly
looking for graduates with experience in China. Samsung Group, for example, said two years ago
that job applicants with Chinese language skills would get bonus points.


【汉译英

6
】他们毒害年轻人的心灵，腐化年轻人的灵魂。正是它们，让年 轻人坐在沙
发上虚度时光，沉浸于危险重重的幻想世界。
18
世纪的批评家们对于新媒 体对年轻人的冲
击感到忧心忡忡，
他们向小说提出了如此的控诉。
时至今日，
小说害人的说法听起来已是如
此的荒谬。
对于当今时代那些控诉电视游戏使年轻人变成暴力罪犯 的批评者们，
历史最终也
将对他们做出同样的审判。



【参考译文】
They poison the mind and corrupt the morals of the young, who waste their time
sitting
on
sofas
immersed
in
dangerous
fantasy
worlds.
That,
at
least,
was
the
charge
leveled
against novels during the 18th century by critics worried about the impact of a new medium on
young people. Today
the idea that novels can harm people sounds daft. And that is surely how
history will judge modern criticism of video games, which are accused of turning young people
into violent criminals.







1.
中国的传统节庆膳食是节日必不可少的伴侣。例如，我国的端午节
(the Dragon Boat
Festival)
是纪念古代

诗人屈原的日子 。
那一天，
人们通常要赛龙舟、
吃粽子
(zongzi)
。中
秋节是观赏满月的日子。圆圆的月亮象征

着圆满，象征着家庭团聚。因此，中秋节
(The
Mid-autumn
Festival)
的特制食品是一种圆形的月饼。
春节是中国

的农历新年
(the
Chinese
lunar
New
Year’s
holiday)，除了常见的家禽和肉类之外，人们还要按各自的地方习俗

烹
制传统食物，如铰子和年糕。



参考答案



Traditional Chinese holiday meals are indispensable on some festivals. For
example,
the
Dragon
Boat
Festival
is
a
day
established
in
memory
of
the
ancient
poet
Qu Yuan and people usually hold dragon boat races and eat zongzi, or rice dumpling
on that day. The Mid-autumn Festival is an occasion for viewing the full moon. The
round
moon
is
a
symbol
for
completeness
and
family
reunion.
The
special
food
of
the
day
is
yuebing,
a
round
cake
known
as
the
mooncake.
The
Spring
Festival
is
the
Chinese
lunar New Year’s holiday. Besides the popular poultry and meat, people



cook traditional food according to regional customs, for example, jiaozi, or
boiled dumplings, and niangao, or the “ 1 ” new year cake .



难点精析



■ 1.中国的传统节庆膳食：翻译为
Traditional Chinese holiday meals,
其中“节庆
膳食”直接译为
holiday meals ,
即可，翻译时注意“中国的”和“传统”的顺序。



2.
纪念：翻译为介词短语
in memory of,
修饰前面的
a day
。



■ 3.赛龙舟：翻译为
hold dragon boat races,
其中
hold
意为“举行”，“举行龙舟
比赛”即“赛龙舟”。



4 .
观赏满月：“满月”即
fMlmoon,
此处的“观赏”可以译为
view ing,
也可以用
enjoying
或
watching
表示。
5.
象征着家庭团聚：
“象征”翻译为系表结构
is
a
symbol
for,
也可以用动词
symbolize
表示，“ 家庭团聚”翻译：

为
family reunion
即可。



3.

在中国，笔、墨、纸、砚（
ink slab< br>）
，就是人们所说的
“
文房四宝
”
，在中华文明的传承
中起了重要作用。
文房四宝不仅有实用价值，
它们本身也是供人观赏的艺术品，
并逐 步成为
收藏品。文房四宝品类繁多，丰富多彩，选材制作不断趋于完善、精美，历代都有名品、名
匠产生，成为一种深厚的文化积淀。在当今时代，使用笔、墨、纸、砚进行学习、写作的人
越来越少了 ，但是，在中国的书法、绘画、收藏以及修身养性活动中，它们仍起着不可替代
的作用。




In China
, “
four treasures of the study
”
refers to
“
writing brush
”, “
ink stick
”,
“
paper
”
and
“
ink
slab
”,
playing
an
important
role
in
passing
on
Chinese
civilization. They not only have their value of practical use, but also become the
works of art for appreciation and collection. There is a large variety of these four
treasures. Selecting of materials and making process have become increasingly
delicate and perfect. Each dynasty of Chinese history saw famous craftsmen
appear
and
works
produced,
which
is
a
profound
process
of
cultural
contemporary times
, “
four treasures of the study
”
have been
increasingly
rarely
used
for
study
or
writhing,
but
they
are
still
playing
an
irreplaceable role in the field of Chinese calligraphy, painting, collection and in
the activities of cultivating one's mind.



4.

目前，亚洲的发展面临着新的机遇，也面临着新的挑战。亚洲总体上 依然是当今世界
最具经济活力和发展潜力的地区。
经济全球化的深入发展和科学技术的迅猛进步 ，
有利于亚
洲各国利用国际资本，引进先进技术，开拓国际市场，推动本国经济的发展。但是亚 洲某些
地区的安全形势仍不容乐观，
反对恐怖主义的斗争尚待深入。
经济全球化在带来 发展机遇的
同时，
也增加了国际经济环境的不确定性，
增加了本地区内发展中经济体结 构调整的难度和
遭遇外部冲击的风险。




At
present,the
development
of
Asia
is
facing
new
challenges
as
well
as
a whole,Asia is still the region with the greatest economic vigor
and
potential
for
development
in
the

further
development
of
the
economic globalization and the rapid advancement of science and technology
make it possible for the various countries in Asia to use the international capitals
and introduce new technologies and to explore the international market so as to
promote the economic growth of their own r
,we can not be too
optimistic
over
the
security
situation
in
some
regions
of
Asia
and
the
anti-terroism
struggles
need
further

brought
the
opportunities
for
development,the
economic
globalization
makes
the
international
economy
even
more
uncertain,and
it
is
more
difficult
to
restructure
the
economies
in
their
own

also
it
makes
these
countries more likely to be impacted by external risks.
5.
截至
2005
年第三季度，全国劳动力市场供求状况显示，我国
15
岁至
29
岁的青年总
体失业率达到了
9
％，远远高于
4.5
％的城镇平均登记失业率。而在此之中，选择主动失业
的占到了一半以上。
“
主动放弃就业机会的原因很多，但这些人都有一个共性，就是不会因为经济原因饿死。 至
少在短时间内。
”
复旦大学教授葛剑雄认为，社会发展到现在，一些青年人的确具备 了可以
失业的条件。他们不用像上班族那样刻板地工作，可是相比之下他们的生活却格外
“富足
”
。



Update
to
the
third
quarter
of
2005,the
supply
and
demand
of
the
whole
nation's labor force market indicated that the overall unemployment rate of our
country's youth from the age of 15 to 29 was up to 9%,which was much higher
than 4.5% of the average rural area register unemployment this
group,the number of people actively choosing to be unemployed was more than
a half.
“
There are many reasons to give up the chance of employment,but those people
have a common feature that they do not starve for economic reasons at least in
a
short
period
.”
The
professor
Ge
Jianxiong
of
Fudan
University
thought
that
some young people indeed had the conditions to be unemployed as the society
develops
to

do
not
need
to
work
routinely
like
the
office
workers,but comparatively their life was extremely
“
well-off
”.

6. 2008
年
11
月
9
日，
中国政府出台了进 一步扩大内需、
促进经济增长的十项措施，
预计
在未来两年时间内投资
4万亿人民币。中国政府在例行的中央经济工作会议召开之前突然
宣布该方案，
既显示了中国 政府抗击金融危机、
防范经济增长下滑的信心，
也反映了中国政
府对国内经济增长前景 的预期明显恶化。
该方案刚一出台便引发世界范围内高度关注，
并直
接推动全球股市上 涨。
然而，
由于中国政府并未在第一时间详细披露该方案实施细则，
近日
来围 绕该方案的猜测与争议绵延不绝。

On 9 November
, 2008, Chinese government has put forth ten Measurements
to
further
drive
up
domestic
demands
and
promote
economic

investment of RMB 4 trillion is expected to be earmarked in the following two
government's unexpected announcement of this incentive package
prior to the routine central government economic meeting asuggests not only
the government's confidence in fighting against the global financial crisis and
preventing
the
economic
downturn,but
also
its
prudence
in
estimating
the
domestic growth in after its announcement,this package drew
the
eyes
worldwide,and
spurred
the
global
stock
r
,lasting
doubts and disputes haver risen recently,as the government failed to disclose
the relevant details at the first time.
7.
中国公司想创造世界品牌，外国公司想增加在中国的销量，这 些都正改变着中国的设
计产业。中国制造商意识到，若他们想在本国市场脱颖而出，
在外国市场 崭露头角，就必须
设计更好的产品。
索尼这样的外国公司也开始明白，
从前海外公司常 把随便什么地方设计的
产品拿到中国来卖，而现在，中国消费者变得更加挑剔，他们不再那样容易满足了 。

Chinese companies want to create world brands and the foreign companies
want
to
increase
the
selling
in
China
which
all
change
the
Chinese
design

Chinese
manufacturers
realize
that
they
have
to
design
better
products if they want to stand out in the domestic markets as well as distinguish
themselves in the foreign usly,the overseas caompanies always
took the products which were designed in somewhere to Chinese market,but
now
the
foreign
companies
such
as
Sony
begins
to
realize
that
the
Chinese
consumers become more and more fastidious and no longer easy to be satisfied.