lucky是什么意思基于文化因素的可译性探讨

2021年1月20日发(作者：宿舍)
介］方荣文，男，陕西安康人，西安科技大学人文与外语学院讲
师，研究方向
:
英语教学与研究。

Limitation of Translatability Based on the Culture Factors
○

Fang Rongwen
(
Xi’an
University
of
Science
and
Technology
，
Xi’an，
Shaanxi
，
710054)
［
Abstract
］

The
generalities of
human being and their languages
compose the basis of translatability
．

However
，

translatability dose not absolute
．

Especially because of the different
cultures
，
it becomes very difficult for translator to
achieve absolute identity
．

The untranslatability
，
i
．

e
．

the problem
of the limitation of translation occurs
．

The untranslatable
factors
will
be
reduced
along
with
the
development
of
culture
－

awareness
．

［
Key
words
］

translatability
，

culture
difference
，

limitation
，

culture
－
awareness
［中图分类号］
H315
．

6
［文献标识码］
A
［文章编号］
1672-8610(2011)10-0079-02
I
．

Introduction
Similar to the generality of human being
，
there are always
some
generalities
概论

大部分

普遍

or
similarities
in
different
languages
．

For example
，
the smallest unit of expressing thought is
sentence
，
each
sentence
usually
consists
of
subject
，predicate
，
object
，
attribute
and
adverbial
．

All
these
general
characters
of
human
being
and
their
languages
compose
the
basis
of
translatability
．
However
there
is
always
some
distance
between
target lan-guage text and source language text
．

Especially culture
factors
greatly
affect
translation
．

Differences
caused
by
culture
result in a lot of untranslatable phenomena
，
which are actually the
prob-lems
of
the
limitation
of
translatability
．

This
paper
only
attempts
to
probe
调
查

into
a
couple
of
debatable
issues
in
translation with re-gard to culture
．

Ⅱ
．

Untranslatability based on culture
The
research
of
the
specific
property
of
linguistic
culture
includes
plentiful contents
．

It involves a series of changeable factors
，
such as
national psychological ideology
潜意识，
culture developing process
，
文化发展过程
historical
custom
历史习俗
and
geographical
style
and features
．地域风格特点

According to the famous translation theorist Eugene A
．

Nida
，

linguistic culture is different because of different ecological envi-
ronment
，
material culture environment
，
social culture environ-
ment and religious culture environment
．

2
．

1 The difference of ecological environment
Different countries have their own ecological environment
．

Their geographical position and biological type are not the same
，

which will naturally reflect in their language respectively and will
bring a lot of difficulties during translation
．

In discussing“Dongfeng (
东风
) ”and “Xifeng (
西风
) ”
，

Dr
．

Qian Gechuan(
钱歌川
) points out the different perception
on the part of the Orientals and the Occidentals towards “east

wind
”and “west wind”
．

In many aspects
，
the east wind is to
the Orientals what the west wind is to the Occidentals
．

To people
of Oriental countries
，
the east wind is warm
，
pleasant
，
symbol of
spring and is associated with the life
－

giving vernal breeze
．

To
people of the Western World
，
just the opposite is true: the east
wind is snapping cold
．

We have in English such expressions as
“a keen east wind”
，
“biting east wind”and“a piercing east

wind”
．

Because of the different perception towards the east wind
and the west wind by people of the Eastern Hemisphere and the
Western Hemisphere
，
Dr
．

Qian seems to have suggested that
“Dongfeng(
东风
) ”can be translated into “west wind”and

“Xifeng(
西风
) ”into“east wind”and vice versa
．

Dr
．

Qian’s suggestion might be acceptable if “east wind”

and“west wind”are purely a matter of geography and climate
．

But in one of Mao Zedong’s statements
，
“Dongfeng (
东风
) ”

and“Xifeng(
西风
) ”are understood to be two different forces
．

Similar examples can be found in some of his poems as in“High

on the crest of Mount Liupan / Red banners roll against the west
wind”( “
六盘山上高峰，红旗漫卷西风
”)
．

Most people
agreed that in the specific contexts of the poems
，
“Dongfeng(
东

风
) ”is a symbol of the people’s forces while“Xifeng(
西风
) ”

is symbolic of the antogonistic forces
．

Here again we are confronted with a choice: Can we trans-
late“Dongfeng(
东风
) ”into“west wind”and“Xifeng(
西风
) ”

into “east wind”? No
，
absolutely not
．

That would not only be an
inappropriate translation
，
but also a mistake of political nature
．

So sometimes it seems there is no way out
．

2
．

2 The difference of material culture
Though we can translate some words into some correspond-
ing words literally
，
yet it is hard to find the implications of the
associations
．

If we are not familiar with the custom and culture
background of a country
，
it will be difficult to grasp the associa-
tive meaning of the words
．

Even if we comprehend the associa-
tions
，
it is still hard to find some equal words
，
which may arouse
the same associations
．

Most materials are translatable; i
．

e
．

sometimes things in
one linguistic culture may have the corresponding or equivalent
—
79
—
things in another linguistic culture
．

But translatability does
not
mean comprehension
．

Such as“Bi(
笔
) ”can be translated into

“writing brush”
，
“Mo(
墨
) ”into“ink stick”
，
“Zhi(
纸
) ”into