质疑英语近五年湖北高考英语作文分析

2021年1月20日发(作者：利国伟)
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近五年湖北高考英语作文分析

1.

近五年高考写作一览


考查
考查
形式


体裁


词数要
分
求
/
范文


数


25
分

25
分

年份


内容


教材相关内容


B7U5
B7U1
B1U1(friendship)
2009

提纲

书信

2010

指出英国朋友汉
100
左右
语成语使用不当

/150
100
左右
/134
英语
结合事例说明微
开放

提示

笑的作用

英语
结合事例谈与人
2011

开放

提示

合作

100
左右
/160
25
分

B7U3
（
teamwork
）

B3U3(cooperation)
B7U4(sharing)
2012

英语
开放

提示

结合事例谈论人
生观：

所得与所用

120
左右
/118
30
分

30
分



2013

英语
结合事例说明语
开放

提示

言的力量

120
左右

B1U2(English)
二．近五年高考写作规律


1.

开放式作文为大趋势

2.

字数增加，从
100
字到
120
字左右

3.

分值加重，从
25
分到
30
分

4.

题材贴近学生生活，现实感强，易于动笔

5.

话题与高中教材密切联系

三．
2013
评分原则


①本题总分为
30
分，按
5
个档次给分。

②词数少于
100
，将分数降低一个档次。

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③评分时，
先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，
然后以该档次的要求
来 衡量，
确定或调整档次，
最后给分。
评分档次的确定应在内容符合题目要求的
前题下侧重于语言的表达。

④评分时，
应注意的主要内容为：
内容切题，< br>语言表达准确、
多样、
连贯、
得体。

⑤拼写与标点符号是语 言表达准确的一个方面，
评分时，
应视其对交际的影响程
度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词 汇用法均可接受。

⑥如书写太潦草，以至影响辨认，将分数降低一个档次。

四、各档次的给分范围和要求


完全完成了试题规定的任务。

—所有内容与提示吻合。

—应用了较丰富的语法结构和词汇。

第五档

25-30
—语法结构与词汇应用准确，
虽有个别错误，< br>但不影响意义的表达；
分

具备较强的语言运用能力。

—恰当使用了语句间的连接成分，全文结构紧凑。

完全达到了预期的写作目的。

完成了试题规定的任务。

—主要内容与提示吻合。

第四档

—应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。

19-24
分

—语法结构与词汇应用基本准确，
个别错误对意义的表达有一定影
响。

—较恰当地使用了语句间的连接成分，全文结构较紧凑。

达到了预期的写作目的。

基本完成了试题规定的任务。

第三档

—主要内容与提示比较吻合。

13-18
分

—应用的语法结构和词汇能基本满足任务的要求。

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—有一些语法结构与词汇的错误，对意义的表达有较大影响。

—基本能使用语句间的连接成分，全文结构比较松散。

整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的。

仅完成试题规定的部分任务。

—主要内容与提示基本吻合。

第二档

—语法结构单调，应用词汇有限。

7-12
分

—有较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了意义的表达。

—语句间的连接成分运用不当，缺少连贯性。

信息未能清楚地传达给读者。

未完成试题规定的任务。

—主要内容与提示不太吻合。

第一档

1-6
分

—语法结构单一，应用词汇十分有限。

—有较多语法结构或词汇方面的严重错误，严重影响了意义的表
达。

—缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。

信息未能传达给读者。

0
分

未能传达给读者任何信息：内容太少，无法评判；写的内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清。

五．写作步骤


●审题 ——考生动笔前要仔细阅读试题，明确写作要求。审题包括审写作要求、
审文体、审写作核心内容、审写 作时态及语态和审人称等方面的内容。

●拟点——就是通过审题，
拟出写作的基本 的重难点，
找出五六个动词或动词短
语；有时还可构思一些写作可能要用的句型、句式。然后再 提炼要点，以备下一
步使用。根据提示，理顺要点，既可保证不遗漏所要表达的信息，又可使表达的内容条理清晰。

●联句——将上一步列出来的要点逐句表达出来，
这是书面表 达写作时较为关键
的一步。完成这个步骤要注意：

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①．
书面表达重在达意，
千万不要简单直译，
要用自己最有把握的短语或句型将< br>意思完整、准确地表达出来。

②．
如果碰到汉语提示中有一时找不到相对应 的英语词语或句型时，
不要轻易放
弃，因为英语中常常会有一句多译的现象。
③．尽可能多地运用较高级的词汇和较复杂的语法结构，如复合句、倒装句、并
列句、强调句和分词 结构等。

④．选择正确的人称、时态、语态等进行表达。

⑤．如果是记叙文，还要写明时间、地点和人物。

●成文——就是将写好的句子组 织起来，
形成段落式短文。
要注意使用一些表示
并列、递进、让步、转折、因果等意义 的关联词语，以增强文章的连贯性和流畅
性。

●润色——就是有意识地将一些“低 级词汇”转换成“高级词汇”，
将一些“简
单结构”转换成“高级结构”，
以凸显文章 亮点，
增加得高分的机会，
例如使用
新颖词汇或句型等。

六．提纲式作文的写作方法


1
．特点

提纲式书面表达是把材料分割成信息块，
列成独立的文字信息。
此类试题中有较
多 的文字说明实际上是规定了考生表述的思路，
对考生的写作范围作了明确的限
定，
试题 中规定的要点一个也不能少。
由于这类试题包含较多的文字说明，
容易
改变书面表达的 性质，使作文成为了翻译。因此，考生应灵活运用英语知识，采
用不同的表达方式将试题要求的要点完整 的表达出来，力求准确、简洁、礼貌、
规范。此类试题主要学生的实际语言能力。

2
．例题（
2009
年湖北高考作文）


假设你 是华华，
与英国网友汤姆约定用对方的母语通信，
以提高各自的外语水平。
最近你收到 汤姆的电子邮件（附后），发现有一个成语使用不当。请根据下列要
点，用英文回一封电子邮件。

要点：

1.

不应使用“无所不为”，应使用“无所事事”；

2.

说明这两个成语的用法；

3.

给予鼓励。

注意：
1.
词数为
100
左右；

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2.
参考释义：无所不为
- do all kinds of bad things
无所事事
- have nothing to do;
3.
除以上两个成语外，邮件中不得使用其他汉字或拼音；

4.
电子邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好
（不计入你所写词数）
，
但不得抄入答题卡。
附（汤姆的邮件）：

华华，你好！

近几天在忙什么事？有什么有意 思的事吗？我们的学校放假了，
所以这几天我在
家无

所不为，饱食终日， 只好上网发伊妹儿。没意思，我决定找份工作，做个自食其
力的人。祝好！

3
．范文欣赏


Hi! Tom,
Nice to read your e-
mail today. I notice you’ve begun to use Chinese
idioms and used most of them correctly.
However, I’m afraid there is one mistake I’d like to point out. It is
“无所不为”. This

idiom means “do all kinds of bad things”. Are you
doing
all
kinds
of
bad
things
at
home?
I
guess
what
you
were
really
trying
to say is that you’ve got nothing to do these days. In that case, you
should
use
“无所事事”.
We
usually
use
“无所不为”
to
express
the
idea

that people dare to do anything bad, and “无所事事” to describe the
situation in which people
have got nothing
meaningful to do.
Have I made
myself clear?
Anyway, I’m amazed at the progress you’ve made.

Hope you’ll find a job soon.

Huahua
4
．常用句式
(
书信
)

I’m writi
ng to tell you about...
I’m very much delighted to inform you that...

I apologize to for not writing to you for a long time.
5
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It was so good to hear from you and I shall be very pleased to let you
have the information you need.
I’m very have to hear that yo
u are all enjoying good health.
Give my regards to..
I’m looking forward to your early reply.

Please remember me to your parents/ family.
5
．即学即练习


假如你叫陈宇，你的英国笔友
Mike
在上次来信中谈到了低碳生活这个话题。最
近几个月校倡导学生过低碳生活、
过节约生 活、
做有责任感的公民，
引导学生从
出行、购物、用水、家电和餐具使用方面反省自己 的生活方式。请你用英文给
Mike
回信。

回信要点如下：

1
．你对低碳生活的理解

2
．你校开展的活动

3
．你最近生活方式的改变（至少选取三个方面）

注意：
































1
．词数为
100
左右；

2
．参考词汇


低碳生活

–
low
–
carbon life (style)
3
．信的开头和结尾已为你写好（不计入你所写词数）

Dear Mike,
How
are
things
going?
In
your
last
letter
you
talked
about
low
carbon
life.
Now I’d like to share my understanding of it and my experience in the
past few months.


I’m really glad to communicate with you about this topic.

Yours
6
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Chen Yu
范文：


Dear Mike,
How
are
things
going?
In
your
last
letter
you
talked
about
low
carbon
life.
Now I’d like to share my understanding of it and my experience in the
past few months.
With the environment problem coming into attention, it is extremely
important that we take action to protect our planet. As more people are
determined to make a difference, low carbon lifestyle provides us with
the perfect opportunity to do it.
Interest tingly, our school called on students to develop a low carbon
lifestyle
and
become
a
responsible
citizen
several
months
ago.
In
response
to the appeal, I have made some changes in my way of life, which ranges
from transportation to water saving. For example, instead of asking my
parents
to
drive
me
to
school,
I
take
a
bus
to
and
from
school.
just
like
my
schoolmates,
I
now
refuse
to
use
disposable
chopsticks.
At
home,
I
even
persuade my parents to
reuse water, even
though it is
not so convenient.
TV and computer are important entertainment for my family, but we
sometimes
read
instead,
which,
I
think,
may
help
relieve
the
shortage
of
electricity.
I’m really glad to communica
te with you about this topic.
Yours
Chen Yu
6
．趋势


提 纲式作文考查的机率已不再大，因为提纲式的作文不能反映出学生的真实水
平，只是进行中文要点的翻译 而已，也不符合高校选拔人才的要求。

七．开放式作文的写作方法


1
．特点


开放式作文类似语文考试中的材料作文，
试题 给出考生一定的素材或主题，
让考
生在此基础上自由发挥，自由创作，不受“文体形式，内容要 点”的限制，甚至
不受短文词数的限制。
这种开放式作文和目前其他形式的书面表达相比，难度更
大，要求更高

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2
．例题（
2011
年湖北高考作文）


We
all
know
that
“sticks
and
stones
may
break
our
bones”,
but
we
should
also be aware that words can hurt people, too.
注意：①无须写标题，不得照抄英语提示语；

②除诗歌外，文体不限；

③文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称；

④词数为
120
左右。

3
．范文欣赏


Sometimes, bad words are to us what knives to our body. I learned this
from one of my experiences that I went through during Senior One school
life.
One
day,
when
I
was
playing
volleyball
with
my
classmates
in
my
PE
class,
I
missed
several
chances
that
I
should
have
grasped
to
meet
the
ball.
What
surprised
me
most
was
that
my
best
friend
Peter
called
me
“fool”.
I
was
so hurt that I almost accepted the fact that our friendship came to an
end.
It was my classmates’
comfort and persuasion as well as
Peter’s
apology
and
explanation
that
helped
me
realize
he
did
have
a
strong
sense
of cooperation and teamwork.
It
wasn’t long before
I forgave him and
we
were again close friends as ever.
From
this
story,
I
am
definitely
convinced
that
bad
words
really
have
bad
influence on us, and that only with a good understanding of them can we
get through and get along well.
4
．写作方法


例：请你根据以下提示，结合生活中的一个事例， 用英语写一篇短文，谈谈微笑
的作用。

The
best
example
of
universally
understood
body
language
may
be
the
smile.
A smile can help us get through difficult situation and find friends in
a world of strangers. A smile can open doors and tear down walls.
注意：

①无须写标题；

②内容只需涉及一个方面；

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③词数为
100
左右。

1
）步骤


①第一段：引出话题


开头第一段引出话题，点出观点，可用到主语从句和定语从句。

It
is
well-known
that
smile
is
the
most
pleasant
expression
in
life,
from
which we can benefit a lot, for example, getting encouragement and
building up confidence.
也可运用谚语格言的方式吸引读者注意，同时引出话题，点出观点。

There is a saying that goes, “life is much like a mirror. If you smile
upon it ,it smiles back upon you.”, with which you can get along well
with others.
② 第二段：写一个事例，举例论证法，记叙文段落


正文部分，
则可运用写记叙文的方式结合事例进行叙事论证自己的观点。
要 注意
连词的使用，使叙述有逻辑条理，连贯通顺。

Take myself as an example, When I first learned English, I found it was
not as easy as I had thought before. Disappointed, I decided to quit. At
this time My English teacher came to me, sayi
ng, “I believe you can do
it.
of confidence again. Since then, a
confident smile has always been
on my
face whenever a challenge comes to me.
③ 第三段：你的观点，议论文段落。


结尾部分，重申话题和 观点，回应开头，对好的方面要有提倡，利弊都有的方面
要进行度的把握。

2
）总结：作文模版可为


It
is
well-
known
that
….
is
the
most
…….
in
life,
from
which
we
can
…..
for example…..

Take myself as an example, When I first …..
Disappointed….Suddenly…..Finally…..Since then…..

In conclusion, …. can bring us …. with which

…….

It is advocated that we should …… Only with …can we ……

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3
）即学即练：
（
2011
年湖北高考英语作文）
请根据以下提示，
结合你校园生活中的一个事例，
就与人合作这一话题，
用英语< br>写一篇短文。

Working in groups at school is an opportunity to learn about team work.
Teamwork
shows
us
how
other
people’s
roles
fit
the
purpos
e
of
the
group,
and it teaches to be patient and how to respond to different people.
注意：①无须写标题，不得照抄英语提示语；

②除诗歌外，文体不限；

③内容必须结合校园生活中的一个事例；

④文中不得透漏个人姓名和学校名称；

⑤词数为
100
左右。

范文：

It
is
well-known
that
teamwork
is
the
most
important
way
of
solving
problem
in life, through which we can complete the task efficiently.
Take myself as an example, I was the leader of a football team. Once in
a match, our team failed although all the members had tried their best.
Later the coach told us the with key point was teamwork, which means we
should cooperate with each other. Realizing the importance of teamwork,
finally we succeed.
In
conclusion,
teamwork
can
help
us
play
the
role
of
every
member
at
best.
Only with teamwork can we make our complicated work easier.
4
．常用词汇短语


1
．
occur
替换
think of
Suddenly I had an idea that someone had broken into my house. →

An idea occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.
It occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.
2
．
devote
替换
spend
He spends all his spare time in reading. →

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He devotes all his spare time to reading.
3
．
seek
替换
want / look for
They sought (wanted ) to hide themselves behind the trees.
4
．
average
替换
ordinary
I’ m an average ( ordinary ) student.

5
．
but
替换
very
The film we saw last night was very interesting. →

The film we saw last night was nothing but interesting.
The film we saw last night was anything but boring.
6
．
seat
替换
sit
On his way to school, he found an old lady seated (sitting) by the road,
looking worried.
7
．
be supposed to
替换
should
He is supposed to ( should ) have driven more slowly.
8
．
appreciate
替换
thank
Thank you very much for you help. →

We appreciate your help very much. / Your help is much appreciated.
9
．
the case
替换
true
I don’t think it is the case ( true ).

10
．
on
替换
as soon as
As soon as he arrived, he began
his research. →

On his arrival, he began his research..
11
．
due to
替换
because of
He arrived late due to ( because of ) the storm.
11