cool是什么意思英国文学总结

2021年1月20日发(作者：纳普)

A Summary of the English Literature

Part I The Anglo-Saxon Period:
the old English literature.
1.

In 55BC, Britain was invaded by
Julius Caesar
,
the Roman conqueror
.
Along with the invasion came the
Roman mode of life
2.

The
Anglo-Saxon
period witnessed a transition from the tribal society
to feudalism.

3.

The Song of Beowulf
is the oldest poem in English language, and also
the oldest surviving epic in the English language.

4.

The early inhabitants on the island now we call England were
Britons
5.

In
Anglo-Saxon
period,
the Song
of
Beowulf

represented
the
pagan

poetry.

6.

Prose literature did show its appearance until the
8
th
century.

7.

The Anglo- Saxons were Christianized in the
7
th

century.

8.

English literature began with the
Anglo-Saxon
settlement in England.
Of
old
English
literature,
Beowulf,
the
national
epic
of
the
English
people,
is
an
example
of
the
mingling
of
nature
myths
and
heroic
legends.

9. The
Angles,
Saxons and Jutes
came from the continent and settled in
the
island.
They
composed
the
Teutonic
tribe.
The
language
spoken
by
these tribes were called
Anglo-Saxon or Saxon
10.
literature
of
this
period
is
divided
into
two
types:
Pagan(
异教
)
and
Christian(
基督教
)

literature.
It
was
a
mixture
of
pagan
and
Christian


elements.
11. National epic of the Anglo-Saxon is called the Song of
Beowulf
(
贝奥
武夫
).
1.

Epic
is long narrative poems that record the adventures or
heroic
deeds of
a
hero
enacted
in
vast
landscapes.
The
style
of
epic
is
grand and elevated.
The example of epic is
the Song of
Beowulf,
Iliad and Odyssey.
2.

3.

The hero of the
song of Beowulf
is
Beowulf.

The
artistic
features
of
the
national
epic
the
song
of Beowulf
are
using
alliteration and metaphor
and understatement.
4.

alliteration
is
a
rhetorical
device,
meaning
some
words
in
a
sentence begin with the same consonant sound (
头韵
).
Or two of
more
words
in
a
phrase
or
line
have
the
same
initial
sound.
Example:
the song of Beowulf.
Part
Ⅱ

The Anglo Norman Period.
1.

In 1066, the conqueror William, with his Normans army, succeeded in
invading and defeating England in the battle of Hasting.
2.

The
literature
in
this
period
was
remarkable
for
its
bright,
romantic
tales
of
love
and
adventure.
The
language
in
this
period
was
a
combination of French and Saxon elements.

3.

The most noted literature form in this period is
romances

4.

the prevailing form of Medieval English literature is
romance



5.

The theme of
loyalty
to king and lord was repeatedly emphasized in
romance.

6.

Romances
are a long composition, sometimes in verse, sometimes in
prose,
described
the
life
and
adventures
of
a
noble
hero.
It
was
the
prevailing
literature
form
in
the
feudal
England.
The
example
for
romances is
Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
.
7.

The story of
Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
is the culmination of
the Arthurian romances.
8.

Chivalry
refers to the great spirits which shown in the knight
’
s deeds.
Part
Ⅲ


Geoffrey Chaucer.
1.

He is regarded as the
“
the father of English poetry
”
or
“
the founder
of English poetry
”

2.

In the 14
th
century, the most important writer(poet) is
Chaucer
3.

Chaucer
’
s main contributions to English
literature can be found from
language aspect.

4.

It
is
Chaucer

who
formally
finished
the
blend
of
three
languages,
Anglo-Saxon
English,
French
and
Latin
to
shape
the
early
form
of
modern English.

5.

It
is
Chaucer

who
first
used
the
London
Dialect
English
in
formal
writing, and
it
is due to his
writing that modern English became the
only national language accepted by all English people.

6.

It is Chaucer who first used the
“
Heroic Couplet
”
(
双韵体
).



7.

the
“
Heroic Couplet
”

refers to the rhymed a couplet of 5 accents in
iambic meter

8.

Chaucer
devoted
masterpiece
The
Canterbury
Tales
to
English
literature.
Which
remains
a
classic
with
sufficient
heritage
in
both
language and artistic achievements?

9.

The
Canterbury
Tales

is
more
than
a
collection
of
true-to- life
pictures.
Taking the stand of the
rising bourgeoisie, Chaucer
affirms
men and women
’
right to pursue their happiness on earth and opposes
the dogma of asceticism preached by the church.

10.

C
haucer died on October 25
th
, 1400, and was buried
in Westminster
Abbey.
He
was
the
first
to
be
buried
in
the
poet
’
s
Corner
of
Westminster Abbey.

11.

C
haucer
’
s
earliest
work
of
any
length
is
his
The
Romanut
of
the
Rose,
which is a translation of the French Roman de la Rose. It was a
love of allegory(
寓言
) enjoying widespread popularity in the 13
th
and
14
th
centuries not only in France but throughout Europe.

12.

T
ough
the Canterbury Tales
was never finished, Chaucer succeeded in
his purpose so well that in it he has given us a picture of contemporary
English life.

13.

T
he Canterbury Tales
begins with a
general prologue
.(
总序言
) where
we are told of a company of pilgrims.

14.

T
he
pilgrims
are
people
from
various
parts
of
England,


representativeness
of
various
walks
of
life
and
social
group,
with
various interests, tastes and predilections

15.

In the 14
th
, the most important writer is Geoffrey Chaucer.

16.

Today
Chaucer
is
acclaimed
not
only
as
“
the
father
of
English
poetry
”
but also as the
“
the father of English fiction
”
. His masterpiece
is
Canterbury Tales
17.

The fifteenth century has been traditionally described as the barren
age
in
English
literature.
But
it
is the spring tide of
English ballads

民谣

18.

After
the
Norman
Conquest,
feudal
system
was
established
in
English society.

19.

The romances were usually composed for the noble, and had nothing
to with the common people.

20.

The prevailing form of Medial English literature is the
romance

21.

The story of
Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
is the culmination of
the Arthurian romances

22.

After
the
Norman
Conquest,
three
languages
existed
in
England
at
that time. The Normans spoke
French

23.

The theme of
loyalty
to king and lord was repeatedly emphasized in
romances

True and False statements
1.

In
1066,
Alexander
the
Great
led
the
Norman
army
to


invade
England.
It
was
called
the
Norman
Conquest
(F)
Alexander the Great
→
William the Conqueror
2.

After
Norman
Conquest,
scholars
often
wrote
chronicles
and
religious
poems
in
English
(F)
English
→

Latin
or
French
3.

The
story
of
Sir
Gawain

and
the
Green
Knight

is
the
culmination of the romances about Charles the Great (F)
Charles the Great
→
King Arthur and his knights.
4.

Chaucer
adopted
and
attitude
of
opposition
against
Christianity
and
attacked
the
corruption
of
the
contemporary
church
government
in
his
poems
(T)
Christianity
→
Catholicism
5.

All
the
22
tales
in
the
Canterbury
Tales

were
written
in
verse form.

(T)

6.

Chaucer’
s language, now called Old
English, is vivid and
exact.
He is the first great poet who wrote in the
English
language (F) Old English
→
Middle English

7.

The spoken English of Chaucer
’
s time consisted of several
dialects,
and Chaucer
did
much
in
making
the
dialect
of
London the standard for the modern English speech. (T)