大事渲染-save是什么意思
初中英语情态动词知识点及经典练习题
情态动词知识点总结:
(一)情态动词的定义
情态动词表示说 话人对动作的态度,
比如:需要,
可能,
意愿,
猜测或者怀疑等等。
(二)情态动词的特点
1
)有一定词义;
2
)不受主语人称和数的变化影响;
3
)与主要动词的原形(或称 不带
to
的不定式)一起构成谓语(除
ought to
作固定词组
看待)
。
4
)否定句中,在情态动词后面加
not
。
(三)情态动词有:
must, shall, should, had better
词形无变化
can(could), may(might), will(would)
词形有变化
need
既可以是情态动词,也可以是实义动词,具有双重性。
(四)情态动词的基本用法
1. can (could)
1
)表示会做某事,有能力做某事。意思
=
be
able
to
其否定式
can
’
t
表示“不能”
。
在过去时中用
could
和
couldn
’
t.
(即有种能力,
尤其是生来具备的能力,
此时
may
和
mu st
均不可代替它)
。
He can speak English, but he can’
t speak Japanese.
= He is able to speak English, but he isn
’
t able to speak Japanese.
I could smile but I couldn
’
t speak when I was 2 months old.
= I was able to smile but I wan
s’
t able to speak when I was 2 months old.
区别:
1
、
can
只用于现在时和过去时
(could), be able to
可用于各种时态。
They will be able to tell you the news soon.
2
、
be able to
不与
can
连用,但可以和其他情态动词或助动词连用。
He may be able to speak English very well some day in the future.
3
、
用在过去时中,
could
经常表示能够做某事,
事实上不一定去做,
而
was∕were
able
to
则表示“过去做成了某事”。在否定句中两者可通用。
2
)用于征求意见
——
Can /Could /May /Might I(we) do sth?
——
Yes, you can/may. / Of course you can.
——
No(Sorry), you can
’
t. /mustn
’
t.
注意:①此处的
co uld
和
might
都不表示过去,只是语气上的委婉,不用作回答。
②否定回答中,表示对他人造成一定伤害或影响,或表示违反了某种规定或法律时 ,
用
must
n’
t
较好。
e.g.
——
Could I take the book out of the library?
——
Sorry, you mustn
’
t.
——
May I smoke here?
——
I
’
m afraid you mustn
’
t.
③表示过去能力时,
could
提问,只能用
could
回答。
e.g.
——
Could
you
ride
a
bike
when
you
were
4
years
old?
——
No,
I
couldn
’
t.
3
)表提出意见或请求
Can/Could you (please) do sth? = Would you (please) do sth?
(此句型中
some
不
变
any
)
e.g. Could you please give me a hand?
Would you please pass me some salt?
4
)表示允许或承诺
=may
e.g. OK. You can /may come and find me at any time tomorrow.
5< br>)表示有一定把握的推测,用于否定句和疑问句。此时
can’t
译为“不可能”
肯定句
用
must
。表示没有把握的推测,用
may /might
。
e.g.
——
The window is broken. Who did it?
——
It may be Mary.
——
It can
’
t be Mary. The window is in the men
’
s toilet.
——
Can it be anyone else?
——
Then, it must be Bob. I saw him go into the toilet just now.
He can’t (couldn’t) have enough
money for a new car.
他不可能有足够的钱买
新车。
【例题】—
I
think
Miss
Gao
must
be
in
the
library.
She
said
she
would
go
there.
—
No.
She
__be
there,
I
have
just
been
there.
’t
’t
’t
’t
【解析】根据下文“我刚去过那儿”可知,应为“不可能”,can’t
表示推测
[
答案
] A
2. may (might)
may
表示“可以,可能”
,否定形式
may not
,
表示“不可以”
。
1
)
表示 没有把握的推测,
“可能,也许”
。可以指过去时间,也可以指现在时间,但语气
更加 不肯定。
e.g. He may have a lot of work to do. = Maybe he has a lot of work to do.
You may be right. = Maybe you are right.
2
)表示请求
“我可以……吗?”
表示请求、许可,比
can
正式
e.g. You may /can go now.
——
May I use your pen?
——
Yes, you may. / Yes, please. / Go ahead.
——
No, you can
’
t. / mustn
’
t.
在回答以
may
引起的问句时,
多避 免用这个词,
而用其它方式,
如
Yes,
please.
/
Certainly.
/ Please don’t ./ You’d better not. / No, you mustn’t.等,以免显得太严峻或不
客气。
3
)
、
表示希望、祈求、祝愿
,常可译为“祝愿”。通常是用
may
+
主
+V
例如:
May
you
have
a good time.
祝你过得愉快。
May you be happy!
祝你幸福!
May you succeed
!祝你成功!
3. must
must
表示“必须,肯定,一定”
,
否定形式
mustn
’
t = must not
表示“禁止”
。
1
)表示必须,意思同
have to
e.g.
——
Must I do it now?
——
Yes, you must.
——
No,
you
don
’
t
have
to.
/
No,
you
needn
’
t.
(
注意:否定回答不用
mustn
’
t)
Children mustn
’
t play on the road because it
’
s too dangerous. (mustn
’
t
只
表“禁止”
)
He doesn
’
t have to go away from here.
=He needn
’
t leave here.
区别:①
must
表达主观意愿的“必须”
,
have to
表达客观上或按道理说“不得不”
。
e.g. I must study hard.
It
’
s too late. I have to go now.
②
must
没有人称和时态的变化,而
have to
有。
e.g. He had to walk back home because he lost all his money.
Mom
will
be
away
for
a
week,
so
we
will
have
to
do
the
cooking
by
ourselves.
2
)表示有把握的 肯定句中的推测,
“肯定,一定”
,只用于肯定句。
He must be ill. He looks so pale.
他准是病了。他的脸色苍白。
注意其反意问句的构成形式:
< br>当
must
表示肯定的判断、推测时,其反意疑问句要用实际问句的助动词来构成。如:
She must have seen the film before
,hasn’t
she?(
注意反意疑问句的后半部分
)
You must have met uncle Wang in the shop yesterday
,didn’t
you? (
注意反意疑问句
的后半部分
)
need
表示“需要”
,否定形式
needn
’
t = need not
“不必、不需要”
1)
、作情态动词,仅用于否定句和疑问句。
e.g.
He needn
’
t go home early yesterday. = He didn
’
t need/have to go home early
yesterday.
Need I call him right now?
——
Yes, you must.(
注意:肯定回答不用
need)
——
No, you needn
’
t. /No, you don
’
t have to.
2
)
、作实义动词,
此时 有人称、数和时态的变化,如果是人作主语后边多接动词不定式:
need sth./sb.
need to do sth.
否定形式
don
’
t need to = don
’
t have to
表示“不必”
e.g. I need some help.
He needed to go home early yesterday.
Do I need to call him right now?
——
Yes, you do. /
——
No, you don
’
t.
如果是物作主语,一般用
need doing
与
need to be done
这种情况下应注意两点:
< br>①.主动形式的动名词
doing
具有被动的含义;②.该动名词可以改为其动词不定式 的被动形
式而句子的意义不变。例如:
.
The
door
needs
painting.
=
The
door
needs
to
be
painted.
那扇门需要油漆一下。
Your car needs mending. = Your car needs to be repaired.
你的
车需要维修了。
3
)
、
need
作名词
be in (great) need of sth = need sth (badly)
“非常需要某物”
meet the need
“满足需要(需求)
”
there is/was no need (for sb) to do sth
“某人没必要做某事”
5. dare
的用法:
dare
意为“敢、敢于”,用法近似于
need
,有两种词性:
(
1
)
dare
作为情态动词,多用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中< br>,无第三人称单数形式,只有
一般现在时和一般过去时。如:
Dare he tell them what he knows?
他敢告诉他们所知道的
情况吗?I daren’t ask her –
will you do it for me?
我可不敢问她,你能帮我问问吗?
(
2
)
dare
作为实义动词,此时有人称、数及时态的变化
。如:He doesn’t dare to break
his promise.
他不敢食言。
注意:
在口语中,
dare
的各种形式常与不带
to
的不定式连用 。
如:
Do
you
dare
tell
her
what I said?
你敢告诉她我说的话吗?I didn’t dare look at him.我不敢看他
归纳:
need
和
dare
的用法
1
、
need
和
dare
既可用作情 态动词,也可用作实义动词。用作情态动词时,通常不
用于肯定句而主要用于否定句和疑问句。用作实义 动词时,可用于各种句式。
2
、其他用法:I dare say…为固定习语,不是“我敢说”而是“我想”
。
I dare day he’ll come again.
我想他会再来的。
Needn
’
t have done:
表示本没必要做而做了
6. shall
的用法:
1
)表征询意见,用于第一、第三人称疑问句。
Shall I get some tea?
我给你点茶好吗?
Shall the boy wait outside?
让那男孩在外面等吗?
2
)表说话人的意愿,有“命令、允诺、警告、决心”等意思,用于第二、第三人称陈述句。
You shall do as I say.
按我说的做。
(命令)
You shall have my answer tomorrow.
你明天可以得到我的答复。
(允诺)
He shall be sorry for it one day, I tell you.
有一天他会后悔的,我告诉你。
(警
告)
Nothing shall stop us from carrying out the plan.
什么也不能阻止我们执行这项
计划。
(决心)
归纳:在英语中,我们可以用其他多种方式提出我们的建议或征求对方意见。
(1).
用“Let's do...”来提出建议。如:
Let's go for a walk after supper.
(2).
用“What/How about. ..?”来提出建议;
about
后接名词或动词
ing
形式。如:
What
about/How about a drink? What about/How about taking Tom with us?
(3).
用
“Why not...?”来
提出建议
,表示“
何不
……”not
面后接
动词
原形。
“Why
not...?”实际上是“Why
don't
you/we...?”的简略形式。如:
Why
not
meet
at
the
school
gate at eight? Why don't we stay here another day?
(4).
用“Would you like...?”来提出建议,意思是“你想要……吗?”Would you like
后
可接名词或不定式。如:
Would you like a cup of tea?
Would you like to go and see
her?
因此,如果我们说:“去游泳好吗?”英语中可有这样几种表达法:
Shall we go for a
swim?
Let's go for a swim
,
shall we?
What about/How about going swimming?
Why
not go for a swim?
Would you like to go for a swim?
What do you think of going
for a swim?
6
、
will
的用法
1
)
、表意愿,用于各种人称陈述句。
“愿意”
I will do anything for you.
我愿为你做任何事。
2
)
、表请求,用于疑问句。
Will you close the window? It’s a bit cold.
请你把窗户关上好吗?有点冷。
Won’t you drink some more coffee?
再来一点咖啡好吗?
注意:
1
、
will
在
there be
句型中的形式及其句式变换。
由于“一般将来时”的结构可以用“will+动词原形”来表示,所以
there be
句型的一般将
来时的形式就是
there will be
。
(一定不能说
there will have
)例如:
There are many
students in our school.→There will be many students in our school. The
re will be
a sports meeting next week.
一定不能说:
There will have a sports meeting next week.
2
、
will
与
be going to do something
区别:
①. be going t o
表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情,
will
表示的将来时间则较远一些,如:
He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day.
②. be going to
表示根据主观 判断将来肯定发生的事情,
will
表示客观上将来势必发生的
事情。
He is seriously ill. He is going to die. He will be twenty years old.
③. be going to
含有“计划,准备”的意思,而
will
则没有这个意思,如:
She is going
to lend us her book.
He will be here in half an hour.
④.在有条件从句的主句中,一般不用
be going to,
而多用
will,
如:
If any beasts comes
at you, I'll stay with you and help you.
7. should
的用法
1
)
、
表 义务。
意为“应该”
(某件事宜于做)
,
用于各种人称。
否定形式< br> should
n’
t
=
should
not
表示“不应该”
You should be polite to your teachers.
你对老师应该有礼貌。
2
)
、表推测,意为“想必一定、照说应该、估计”等。
The film should be very good as it is starring first- class actors.
这部新电影是一流演员主演的,估计拍得很好。
They should be home by now.
照说他们现在应当已经到家了。
的用法
1
)表意愿
I said I would do anything for you.
我说过我愿意为你做任何事。
2
)表委婉地提出请求、建议或看法。
常见句型:①表请求
Would you please do
…
?
——
OK
…
. / Sorry,
…
.
②
Would you like sth?
——
Yes, please. / No, thanks.
Would you like to do sth?
——
I
’
d love to.
——
I
’
d love to, but
…
.
(
注意:以上句型中,
some
不变
any)
9. ought to
1
)表义务,意为“应该”(因责任、义务等该做)
,口气比
sho uld
稍重。
You oughtn’t to smoke
so much.
你不应该抽这么多烟。
2
)表推测,暗含很大的可能,语气较弱。
There’s a fine sunset; it ought to be a fine day tomorrow.
今天有晚霞,明天
应该是个好天。
10
、
used to
表示过去的习惯动作或状态,现在不复发生或存在。疑问式和否定式有两种。
I usedn’t (didn’t use) to smoke.
我过去不抽烟。
Used you (Did you use) to go to school on foot?
你过去常步行去学校吗?
11
、
had better do
表示“最好是做……”
,否定形式
had better not do
e.g. You
’
d better not drink so much coffee.
大事渲染-save是什么意思
大事渲染-save是什么意思
大事渲染-save是什么意思
大事渲染-save是什么意思
大事渲染-save是什么意思
大事渲染-save是什么意思
大事渲染-save是什么意思
大事渲染-save是什么意思
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