十五英文剧本格式

2021年1月15日发(作者：薛坦)
By Elaine Radford
You've plotted your story, developed your characters, and written a scene-by-scene
outline of your story. Now you're ready to write it in professional screenplay format.
Keep in mind that a screenplay is visual and your characters' actions move the story
forward from scene to scene. Actions show the audience what it needs to know. Your
characters' dialogue supports the actions. Seeing a character do something is far more
powerful than having him or her talk about it.
Think of a scene as a unit of action. In each scene, define who (character or
characters), what (situation), when (time of day), where (place of action), and why
(purpose of the action).
Scene Headings: Each time your characters move to a different setting, a new scene
heading is required.
Scene headings are typed on one line with some words abbreviated and all words
capitalized.
Authors Hillis R. Cole, Jr. and Judith H. Haag say in their book, Complete
Guide To Standard Script Formats,that various elements of a scene heading
must be arranged in a specific order.
Specifically, the location of a scene is listed before the time of day when the scene
takes place.
Example: A scene set inside a hospital emergency room at night would have the
following heading:
INT. HOSPITAL EMERGENCY ROOM - NIGHT
Interior is always abbreviated INT. and exterior is abbreviated EXT. A small dash
(hyphen on your keyboard) separates the location of the scene from the time of
day. Leave a two-line space following the scene heading before writing your scene
description.
Scene descriptions are typed across the page from left margin to right margin.
Names of characters are displayed in all capital letters the first time they are used in
a description, and these names always use all capital letters in a dialogue heading.
Example:
CATHY sits at the end of the first row of plastic chairs. Her head is bent over, and
she stares intently at the floor.
The names of characters who have no dialogue are not capitalized when mentioned
in scene descriptions.
Example:
A man moans softly as he presses a bloody gauze pad against his forehead. A woman
cradles a listless infant in her arms.
Sounds the audience will hear are capitalized (eg, ROAR or WHISTLE). In
Complete Guide To Standard Script Formats,
made by characters are not considered sound cues and do not require capitalization.
Dialogue is centered on the page under the character's name, which is always in all
capital letters when used as a dialogue heading.
Example:
DOCTOR
I'm sorry…
If you describe the way a character looks or speaks before the dialogue begins or as
it begins, this is typed below the character's name in parentheses.
Example:
DOCTOR
(apologetically)
We did everything possible.
Here is an example of a complete scene in the screenplay format:
INT. HOSPITAL EMERGENCY ROOM - NIGHT
A crowded hospital emergency waiting room. Clean but cheerless.
Sick and injured people sit in plastic chairs lined up in rows. A TV mounted near
the ceiling BLARES a sitcom. No one is watching.
A man moans softly as he presses a bloody gauze pad against his forehead. A
woman cradles a listless infant in her arms.