characterization考研英语新题型浅析

2021年1月9日发(作者：安志藩)
考研英语新题型浅析

鉴于该项目的不确定性和不可预测性，在该项目上无需投入 过长的时间和过多的精力，
并且鉴于该部分提供了三种备选题型，复习中也难于有的放矢。从2005， 2006两年真题来看，
试题仍选择的是7选5。因此基于历年真题，对应对新题型的思路和技巧做一下 分析，希望
能对大家备考2007年考研英语起到抛砖引玉的效用，不足之处，还望见谅。
大纲要求：主要考查考生对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征以及文章结构的理解。
从大纲要求来看，介绍 非常简略，因此可以认为选择搭配题是对考生阅读能力考查的一种补
充，旨在从语篇衔接角度考查考生衔 接文章的能力(题型1、2)，或是从语篇理解角度考查考
生概括段落大意或是理解段落内容的能力(题 型3)。
应试分析：解决选择搭配题，技巧可长篇大论，也可言简意赅。与其我们追求纷繁
的技巧，不如静心分析一下究竟该题型侧重考查的方面。基于对语段特征和文章结构的理解
的题型，不 要求我们像在其他项目中对词汇语法等细节处进行分析，而在于如何迅速而准确
地把握语段的主体概念。 因此，选择搭配题的解题中心思路就在于明确文中语段和选项语段
的主体概念，继而通过寻找文中语段和 选项语段主体概念的搭配，从备选项中筛选可能选项，
进一步排除从而得出正确答案。
另 一方面，和确定主体概念具有等同效果的是确定特殊细节，诸如时间、人名、专
有名词等，也可以确定选 项出现的可能位置和顺序。
操作步骤：
下面以2006年真题为例，说明以上内容在具体应试过程中的操作。
On the north bank of the Ohio River sits Evansville, Ind., home of David
Williams, 52, and of a riverboat casino where gambling games are played. During
several years of gambling in that casino, Williams, a state auditor earning $$35,000
a year, lost approximately $$175,000. He had never gambled before the casino sent him
a coupon for $$20 worth of gambling.
He visited the casino, lost the $$20 and left. On his second visit he lost
$$800. The casino issued to him, as a good customer, a Fun Card, which when used in
the casino earns points for meals and drinks, and enables the casino to track the
user's gambling activities. For Williams, these activities become what he calls

(41)______________. In 1997 he lost $$21,000 to one slot machine in two days.
In March 1997 he lost $$72,186. He sometimes played two slot machines at a time, all
night, until the boat docked at 5 a.m., then went back aboard when the casino opened
at 9 a.m. Now he is suing the casino, charging that it should have refused his patronage
because it knew he was addicted. It did know he had a problem.
In March 1998, a friend of Williams's got him involuntarily confined to a
treatment center for addictions, and wrote to inform the casino of Williams's gambling
problem. The casino included a photo of Williams among those of banned gamblers, and
wrote to him a admissionsletter. Noting the nature
of problem gambling behaviors, the letter said that before being readmitted to the
casino he would have to present medical/psychological information demonstrating that
patronizing the casino would pose no threat to his safety or well-being.
(42) ______________.
The Wall Street Journal reports that the casino has 24 signs warning:
the fun ... and always bet with your head, not over itEvery entrance ticket lists
a toll-free number for counseling from the Indiana Department of Mental Health.
Nevertheless, Williams's suit charges that the casino, knowing he was
addicted to gambling,
against his will.
(43) ______________.
The fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
Disorders (DSM-IV) says gamblinginvolves persistent, recurring and
uncontrollable pursuit less of money than of the thrill of taking risks in quest of
a windfall.
(44) ______________. Pushed by science, or what claims to be science, society
is reclassifying what once were considered character flaws or moral failings as
personality disorders akin to physical disabilities.
(45) ______________.
Forty-four states have lotteries, 29 have casinos, and most of these states
are to varying degrees dependent on--you might say addicted to--revenues from
wagering. And since the first Internet gambling site was created in 1995, competition
for gamblers' dollars has become intense. The Oct. 28 issue of Newsweek reported that
2 million gamblers patronize 1,800 virtual casinos every week. With $$3.5 billion being
lost on Internet wagers this year, gambling has passed pornography as the Web's most
profitable business.
(A) Although no such evidence was presented, the casino's marketing
department continued to pepper him with mailings. And he entered the casino and used
his Fun Card without being detected.
(B) It is unclear what luring was required, given his compulsive behavior.
And in what sense was his will operative?
(C) By the time he had lost $$5,000 he said to himself that if he could get
back to even, he would quit. One night he won $$5,500, but he did not quit.
(D) Gambling has been a common feature of American life forever, but for a
long time it was broadly considered a sin, or a social disease. Now it is a social
policy: the most important and aggressive promoter of gambling in America is the
government.
(E) David Williams's suit should trouble this gambling nation. But don't bet
on it.
(F) It is worrisome that society is medicalizing more and more behavioral
problems, often defining as addictions what earlier, sterner generations explained
as weakness of will.
(G) The anonymous, lonely, undistracted nature of online gambling is
especially conducive to compulsive behavior. But even if the government knew how to
move against Internet gambling, what would be its grounds for doing so?
相对来讲，确定句子中的主体概念一般是明确主语 ，(1)当句子的主语是从句或是过
长短语的话即是明确从句或是短语中中心词，(2)当句子是主系表 结构且主语过长时即是表
语，(3)当句子主语为代词或出现特殊代词(such，that等)时则说 明存在衔接，需留心。
确定特殊特殊细节包括：(1)大写字母-- 人名、地名、专有名词等(2)数字--时间、