人才济济怎么读-whee
初三语法专项训练:现在完成时用法小结
现在完成时的构成:助动词 have
(has + 过去分词,
1.表示过去发生或完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。例如:
I have just cleaned my clothes. 我刚洗过衣服。
(“洗衣服”是发生在过去的动作,对现在造成的结果是“衣服干净了”
现在完成时常用的时间状语有:already (”已经” 用于肯定句的中间和末尾处
never (“从不” 用于中间处
ever (”曾经”
用于疑问句和肯定句的中间处
just (“刚刚” 用于中间处
yet (“已经”
用于疑问句的末尾处 “还” 用于否定句的末尾处
现在完成时与一般过去时的用法比较
现在完成时表示过去的动作一直延续到现在甚至会继续下去或表示过去的动作
对现在造成
的影响;一般过去时表示动作发生的时间在过去。试比较:
The plane has
arrived . 飞机已经来了。 (说明现在的情况:飞机在这儿
The plane
arrived a quarter ago. 飞机是一刻中以前来的。
(强调动作发生的时间
在过去 I have taught here for fifteen
years. 我在这儿已经教了十五年。 (表示十五年
前的动作一直延 续到现在,还可能会继续。
I taught here for a year. 我过去在这儿教过一年。
(表示“我“现在已经不在这儿
任教了
练习:
I
.翻译下列句子:
1. 你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗?
2. 我刚刚丢了我的化学书。
3. 我以前从来没去过那个农场。
4. 他已经吃过午饭了。
5.
你已经看过这部电影了吗?
6. 我哥哥还没回来。
7. 我上星期看过这部电影。
8. 在 1992年他住在这里。
II . 用过去时或现在完成时填空:
1.
“_________ you __________ (have lunch ?” “Yes.”
“When ________ you __________ (have it?” “I
____________ (have it at 12:00.”
2. “_________
you __________ (write a letter to your aunt yet?”
“Yes, I ___________. I ________________ (write
one last week.”
3. “_________ he ___________
(finish his homework?” “Not yet.”
4.
“_________ they ever __________ (be abroad?” “Yes,
just once.”
5. Your father _________ just
___________ (finish his work.
6. Your father
_________ (finish his work just now.
7. Last
term I __________ (learn many English words.
8. They ____________ (not read the
interesting books yet.
9. He _____________
never ____________ (go to the science museum.
10. ____________ you ever ____________ (drink
coke?
11. “____________ you _____________ (buy
a dictionary? “ “Yes, I __________ .”
“Where
__________ you _____________ (buy it?” “ I
___________ (buy it in a
bookstore.”
“When
___________ you _____________ (buy it?” “
Yesterday.”
Since 和 for 的用法
表示过去已经开始持续到现在的动作或状态常用的时间状语有:for, since, how
long, so far, these days等。
Since+过去点的时间,
for+一段时间(数词 +量词 ,此划线部分用 how long提问。
一、 since
短语或从句表示过去的动作延续至今, since 之后的时间为一点。 如:
Mr. Smith
has worked here since 1984. 1984年以来,史密斯先生一直在这工作。
He ’ s learned about 5,000 English words since
he went to college. 他上大学以来大
约学了五千 个英语单词。
二、
for 短语表示动作延续多长时间, for 的宾语为时间段。 如:
We have
known each other for twenty years. 我们认识有二十年了。
I haven’ t seen her for a long time.
我好久没有见到她了。
练习:用 since 和 for 填空
1
______ two years 2 _______ two years ago 3 _______
last month 4 ______ 1999
5 _______ yesterday 6
_______ 4 o’clock 7 ______ 4 hours 8 _______ an
hour ago 9
_______ we were children
10
_____ lunch time 11 ______ she left here
1. He
has lived in Nanjing ________ the year before
last.
2. I’ve known him __________ we were
children.
3. Our teacher has studied Japanese
_________ three years.
4. She has been away
from the city ___________ about ten years.
5.
It’s about ten years __________ she left the city.
2. 短暂性转换延续性
① arrive atin sw. get toreach
sw. comegomove to sw.
→ be in schoolat homeon
the farmbe herebe there
1 He got to Beijing
five minutes ago.
He ________ _________
_________ Beijing for _________ _________.
2 I
moved to the USA last year.
I ________
________ __________ the USA since __________
__________.
3 I went home yesterday.
I
_______ ________ _________ home for _________
__________.
4 They came here last week.
They _________ _________ here since
_________ __________.
② comego back, return →
be back comego out → be out
1 He came out two
years ago.
He _________ __________ _________
for __________ __________.
2 We return to
Fuzhou yesterday.
We ________ ________
_________ to Fuzhou since __________.
③ become
→ be
1 I became a teacher in 2000.
I
________ __________ a teacher for _________
_________.
2 The river became dirty last year.
The river _________ _________ dirty for
_________ __________.
④ close → be closed open
→ be open
1 The shop closed two hours ago.
The shop ________ _________ _________ for
_________ _________.
2 The door opened at six
in the morning.
The door ________ ________
________ for six hours.
⑤ get up → be up die →
be dead
leave sw. → be away from sw.
fall
asleepget tot sleep → be asleep
finishend → be over marry → be married
1 I got up two hours ago.
I ________
________ ________ since ________ ________.
2
He left Fuzhou just now.
He _______ ________
________ _________ Fuzhou for five minutes.
3
My grandpa died in 2002.
My grandpa _______
_______ ________for _______ ________.
4 The
meeting finished at six.
The meeting ________
______ ______ for six hours.
5 I got to sleep
two hours ago.
I ________ _________ _________
since _________ __________.
6 They married in
1990.
They ________ _________ __________since
_________.
⑥ startbegin to do sth. → do sth.
begin → be on
1 I began to teach at this
school in 1995.
I ____ ____ at this school
since ____.
2 The film began two minutes ago.
The film ____ ____ ____ for ____ ____.
⑦
borrow → keep lose → not have buy → have put on →
wear
catchget a cold → have a cold get
to know → know
1 They borrowed it last week.
They _________ _________ it since __________
__________.
2 I bought a pen two hours ago.
I _________ _________ a pen for ________
__________.
3 I got to know him last year.
I _________ __________ him since __________
__________.
4 I put on my glasses three years
ago.
I __________ __________ my glasses for
_________ _________.
⑧ havehas gone to → have
been in
1 He has gone to Beijing.
He ____
____ _____ Beijing for two days.
⑨ join the
leaguethe Partythe army
→ be a leaguea Party
membera soldier
→ be a member of the leaguethe
Party
→ be in the leaguethe Partythe army
1 He joined the league in 2002.
He
________ _________ a _________ _________ for two
years.
He ________ __________ a
__________ ___________ the __________ for two
years.
He ____________ ___________
___________ the league for two years.
2 My
brother joined the army two years ago.
My
brother __________ __________ a ___________ for
___________
___________.
My brother
___________ ___________ in ____________
___________ for two
years.
3. 汉译英
1这本字典我已买了三年了。
2他离开中国三年了。
3我认识他们五年了。
4他们已去了美国五年了。
5自从他搬到福州,他就住这儿了。
6他们已经结婚
10年。
7我妹妹成为一个大学生已经三年。
8这会已开了多长时间了?
9这门已经关了两天了。
10我入团 2年了。
I __________
___________ ___________ two years ago.
I __________ ___________ a ___________
___________ for two years.
I __________
___________ a ___________ of __________ _________
for two
years.
I __________ ___________
____________ the __________ for two years.
11自从 1999年以来他们就认识。
12我来到农场已 5年了。
4.
划线提问
1 I have been there for two days.
__________ _________ __________ you __________
__________ ?
2 My father has lived here since
2000.
_________ _________ __________ your
father _________ __________?
3 He left here
yesterday.
_________ ________ he _________
__________?
4 They bought a book two hours
ago.
__________ ___________ they __________ a
book?
have been in, have been to 与 have gone
to 的用法
一、 have(has been in 表示 “在某地呆多长时间” ,
常与表示一段时间的状语连
用, 如:since, for, how long 等。例如:
Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days.
布朗先生来上海已经有三天了。
此外还有这些搭配:have been here
(there at home (school on the farm
have been
here (there abroad
二、 have(hasbeen
to表示“曾经去过某地” ,现在已经不在那里了。可与 just,
ever, never等
连用,例如:I have just been to the post office.
我刚才去邮局了。
Mary has never been to the Great
Wall. 玛丽从未去过长城。
Have you ever been to
Hangzhou? 你曾经去过杭州吗?
have(has been to
后面可接次数,表示去过某地几次。例如:
I have been to Beijing
three times. 我去过北京三次。
They have been to that
village several times. 他们去过那个村庄好几次了。
三、
have(has gone to 意为“到某地去了”
,表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。
总之,说
话时该人不在现场,一般不用第一、第二人称代词作句子的主语。
例如:----Where is
Tom? ----He has gone to the bookshop.
汤姆在哪里?他到书店去
了。 Jack Johnson has gone to London.
杰克 . 约翰逊到伦敦去了。
练习:
I. 用 have(has been 或
have(has gone 填空。
A: Where ____________ Li Fei
___________?
B: He ____________ to Hainan
Island.
A: How long ___________ he ___________
there?
B: He _____________ there for three
days.
A: When will he come back , do you know?
B: I’m afraid he won’t come back
recently.
A: Could you tell me the way to
Hainan Island?
B: Sorry, I _________ never
___________ there.
A: How many times
___________ Li Fei __________ to that place?
B: He _____________ there only once.
II. 用
havehas been toin, have gone to及 go 的各种形式填空。
1
Where is Jack? He __________ his country.
2
David ________ the park just now.
3 John
_______ England since he came back.
4 How long
_____ have _____ this village?
5 The Smiths
______ Beijing for years.
6 _____ you ever
____ America? -- Yes, I _____ there many times.
7 I _____ this school since three years ago.
8 Where is Jim? He _____ the farm.
9
When_____ he _____? He _______ an hour ago.
10
Would you like to _____ the zoo with me? ---Yes,
but I _____ there before.
11 Where _____ you
_____ now? --- I ____ the zoo.
12 He often
_____ swimming.
13 _____ you ______
there last year? 14 _____ they often ______
skating in winter?
III.翻译下列句子: 1. 他已经来中国三年多了。
2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 他们出国两个月
了。 我从来没去过长城。
你曾经出过国吗? 他已经去图书馆了。 他来这儿五年
了。 昨天他去了公园。 “你要去哪里?”
“我要去学校。 ” 他常常去游泳。 综合练
习: I. 用 never, ever,
already, yet, for, since 填空 1. I have _______ seen
him before, so I
have no idea about him. 2.
Jack has _________ finished his homework ________
an hour
ago. 3. Mr. Wang has taught in this
school ________ ten years. 4. “Have you ________
seen the film?” “No, I have ________ seen it.”
5. “Has the bus left _______?” “Yes, it
has
_________ left.” II. 翻译下列句子: 1. 他们已经打扫了教室吗? 2. 3.
我们已经
认识有二十年了。 打那以后,她一直住在这。 4. “你曾经到过那里吗?”
“不,我
从来没到过那里。 ” III. 用适当的时态填空: ’s _____________
(live here ever
since she was ten. of them
________________ (be in Hongkong for ten days.
of them ________________ (come to Hongkong
ten days ago. 4. Half an hour
__________ (pass
since the train __________ (leave.
5.
Mary________(lose her pen. ____________ you
______________ (see it here
and there? 6.
_____________ you ____________ (find your watch
yet? 7. ---Are you
thirsty? ---No I _________
just _____________ (have some orange. 8. We
_____________already ______________ (return
the book. 9. ___________ they
____________
(build a new school in the village? 10. I
________________(not finish
my homework . Can
you help me? 11. My father _____ (read the novel
twice. 12. I
_________ (buy a book just now.
13. I _________ (lost my watch yesterday. 14. My
father ___________ (read this book since
yesterday. III.句型转换: 1. He has already
gone
home. 句 问句 2. He has lunch at home. 3. He has been
there twice. (划线提问 4. I
have lunch at school.
问 He _________ __________ home ____________. (否定
____________ he __________ home ___________?
(疑 He __________
_____________ lunch at home.
(否定句 ____________ he __________ lunch at home?
(疑问句 __________ __________ ________ __________
he been there? __________
__________ you
____________ lunch. (划线提
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