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大学英语一讲稿
New College English (Book
I)
Unit 5
Work to Live or Live to
Work
Part I (1<
/p>
st
-2
nd
period)
I.
Warm-
up activities
1.
Give them discussion topics:
1)
What is your
ideal profession,?
2)
Do you think it is easy to get a job
after graduation? why?
2.
Present the
students
’
answers on the
blackboard. Then turn to text A to find out some
effective ways of balancing work with
life.
II
．
Background information
A.
Ellen Goodman (1941~ )
was
born in Massachusetts and graduated from
Radcliffe College. She worked for
Newsweek and the Detroit Free Press before joining
The Boston Globe in 1967.
Her column ―At Large‖ has been widely
syndica
ted since
1976. As an
essayist and television commentator, Goodman has
discussed feminism,
changes in family
life, sexual harassment, and male and female
relationships. Her
essays have been
collected in several books, including Close to
Home (1979), Turning
Points (1979) and
At Large (1981).
In 1980,
Goodman received the Pulitzer Prize for
Distinguished Commentary. Among
other
awards she has won are the American Society of
Newspaper Editors
Distinguished Writing
Award and the Hubert H. Humphrey Civil Rights
Award. The
National Women’s Political
Caucus gave her the President’s Award, and the
Women’s
Research and Education
Institute presented her with their American Woman
Award.
B.
Workaholic
If a
person is a workaholic, he’s got
compulsive need to be driven to
accomplish
things.
In
the
workdays,
they
just
keep
going,
keep
pushing
themselves.
And a lot of stress leads to many
problems, anxieties and diseases.
Part II
(3
t
-4
d
period)
Scanning
Text A
1.
Go
over
the
whole
passage
as
quickly
as
possible,
then
answer
the
following
questions for
general understanding.
1)
.
Why
did
Phil’s
wife
hide
her
bitterness
in
face
of
the
company
president
at
the
funeral?
2). Why is it very easy to identify
Phil from a lineup?
3). what did the
company president do as soon as P
hil’s
funeral was over?
4.) How
come Phil became overweight?
5.) How
did the people who work for Phil feel about him?
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大学英语一讲稿
6.) When did Phil die? Why
does the author repeat the time of his death?
2. Text Organization
Parts
1
2
3
4
Para(s)
1~3
4~6
7~12
13~16
Main
Ideas
One of six vice-presidents, Phil
worked himself to death.
Phil completely tied up himself in work
regardless of his health.
A typical
workaholic, Phil totally neglected those closest
to him
—
his wife and three
children.
Phil’s boss said one
thing at the funeral and did quite
another
soon afterwards.
3.
Skill learning in writing and reading
1) Reading skill:
Every
time
you
read
English
passages,
do
read
phrases
and
then
you
read
more
efficiently. Phrases can also be called
Do
not
read
words
one
by
one.
You
can
begin
concentrating
on
small
units
of
meaning. Day by day, you
will always catch up with the meaning of the whole
rather
than the parts of a sentence.
2) Writing skill:
It is the time to learn about drama-
like writing. Ss learn to develop a paragraph by
writing about a situation with some
scripts in it. This situation can be that a group
of
people disagree on something and
they talk with each other and make a compromise
at last.
4. Language Points
New Words
precisely:
adv.
1. exactly; just
- Planes
fly daily over regular routes with timetable
precisely.
-
Scientists
do
not
yet
know
precisely
how
insects
can
produce
their
toxic
defensive
chemicals without poisoning themselves.
- Since his own ideas were in flux, it
is difficult to know precisely where he stood.
-
每辆卡车装载的用品恰好是每个部队所需要的。
(Every
lorry indeed is packed with
precisely
the articles which each unit will require.)
2. quite so
-
—
So you think it was a
mistake?
—
Precisely.
acquaintance:
n.
1.
a relationship with someone you know, but who is
not a close friend
- I have a nodding
acquaintance with German.
- Our mere
acquaintance ripened into friendship.
-
我与他素昧平生。
(I have never made his acquaintance.)
-
She
recalled
the
past,
trying
to
bring
back
to
her
memory
incidents
of
their
old
acquaintance.
2. person whom
one knows (less intimately than a friend)
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大学英语一讲稿
- She is an old
acquaintance of my sister.
- He has a
wide circle of acquaintances.
Collocation:
make sb.’s acquaintance
结识某人
drop an acquaintance
断绝往来
have a casual acquaintance
半生不熟
renew an
acquaintance
重建友谊
CF: friend, mate, acquaintance & pal
这些名词都有“朋友”之意。
friend
一般用词，指某人喜爱并乐意与之相交往的人。
例如：
-
I’ve known her for years, but she was
never a friend.
(
我认识她多年了，但成不了朋
友。
)
acquaintance
指彼此相识，但交往不甚密切，相互间没有深厚情感的人
例如：
-
He is an old acquaintance of my father.
(
他是我父亲的老相识。
)
pal
口语用词，指十分要好的朋友。
例如：
-
We’ve been pals since childhood.
(
我们自儿时就是好朋友。
)
instantly:
adv.
at once;
immediately
- Instantly the blood crept
warmly over her body.
-
His
manly
beauty
and
more
than
common
gracefulness
were
instantly
the
theme
of
general admiration.
-
霎那间，
迪克意识到他处境危险。
(Instantly Dick awoke to the
terrors of his position.)
-
Sometimes he instantly approved a proposal whose
prospect seemed exceedingly bleak.
workaholic:
n.
a
person who likes to work too hard or is unable to
stop working
- He was a lifelong
workaholic, who painted dawn to dusk seven days a
week.
- In America, it is
generally believed that being a workaholic is
unhealthy and harmful.
- A group of
Japanese men hope to encourage workaholic husbands
to head home early
and show their wives
some appreciation.
N.B.:
词缀
–
ah
olic
，
-holic
，
-oholic
在某些词后面表示“沉溺于，无法摆脱”的意思。如：<
/p>
shop-aholic
，
golf-
aholic
，
tobaccoholic
等。
classic:
1.
adj.
Of the
highest quality; having a value or position
recognized and unquestioned
- It is
very interesting for a Chinese to read an English
translated version of the Chinese
classic novel
The Dream of
Red Mansions
.
- The 7-Eleven
chain is the classic example of convenience store.
2.
n.
1) writer, artist, book, etc. of the
highest class
- Charles Dickens is a
classic.
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大学英语一讲稿
2) outstanding example of
its kind
- My watchband is a classic
made in 1960 by Robinsons.
-
He’s hoping that tomorrow’s game will
be a classic.
day off:
day on which one does not have to work
-
On my day off,
I’ll fix the tipsy fence.
-
It felt like a big sick joke when the company made
us work on our day off.
- There were
many Chinese workers on a day off, all looking
cheerful and healthy.
-
下次休假时，我再来看你。
(
I’ll come over to see you
on my next day off.
)
conceivably:
adv.
imaginably; believably
-
According to some scientists, the disease could
conceivably be transferred to humans.
-
She brought me a raincoat because she thought it
might conceivably be useful to me.
-
他的话想来不会是他的原意。
(
He
couldn’t conceivably have meant what he
said.
)
retire:
v.
(cause to) stop working at one’s job,
usu. b
ecause of age (followed
by
from)
- Workers in China can all get a
pension after they retire.
- The school
had to employ the retired teachers to give
classes.
- He will retire from his job
next year and take things easy.
spot:
1.
n.
1) small round
mark; dirty mark
- Which has spots, the
leopard or the tiger?
- He
tried to remove the spot on his sweater with soap
and water.
2) particular place or area
- For many years, Spain was a favourite
holiday spot.
- When the
fight started, police and reporters were soon on
the spot.
2.
vt.
1) pick out
recognize
- We spotted a superstar in
the crowd.
-
走在街上，
我看见了一个老朋友。
(I
spotted one of my old friends when I was walking
on the streets.)
2) mark
with spots
- She has two
dogs, a yellow one and a spotted one.
-
She was wearing a white dress spotted with red.
executive:
1.
adj.
having the power to
make and carry out decisions, esp. in business
- He has been given full executive
power.
- The US
Constitution vests the executive power in the
President.
-
美国总统是政府的行政首脑。
(The
President
of
the
United
States
is
the
executive
head of the government.)
2.
n.
person with
administrative or managerial powers
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大学英语一讲稿
-
She’s an executive in a
computer company.
- The
executive has been making decisions about the
future of the company.
extracurricular:
adj.
outside the regular course of work or
studies in school or college
-
Sports and drama are the school’s most
popular extracurricular activities.
- The school encourages students to
have rich and colorful extracurricular life.
- Extracurricular activities are an
indispensable part of school life.
Collocation:
extracurricular
activities
课外活动
extracurricular athletics
课外体育活动
extracurricular life
课余生活
extracurricular pastime
业余消遣
extracurricular books
课外书
survive:
v.
continue to live or exist; live longer
than; remain alive after
- Will the
Lunar New Year survive modern living and competing
influences?
- In order to
survive and develop in the future, we must seize
this rare opportunity.
-
这次地震中一家人都幸免于难
,
真是九死一生。
(It is a narrow
escape that the whole
family survive
the earthquake.)
CF: survive, continue,
remain & last
这些词都是动词，都含有“继续存在”
< br>、
“经受住”的意思。
survive
可作及物和不及物动词，含有“幸免于难”<
/p>
、
“平安度过”之意。
continue
为中性词，且不带
任何感情色彩，指从开始到结束之间的任何延伸过程。
remain
指人或物移去、分离或毁坏后仍留在原地。
last
即“持续”
、
“经受住”之意，特指某事物继续存在，或最为普通意义上的时间
持续。
Fill in the blanks with the
words above. Change the form where necessary.
1. Ten of them survived the shipwreck.
2. Little of
the building remained after the explosion.
3. She is fond of perfume
with the scent that lasts a long time.
4. He continued reading when I spoke to
him.
5. It is believed that
usually women survive men.
marketable:
adj.
suitable for the demand of the market;
that can be sold easily
- This new type
of camera is a highly marketable product.
-
College
students
should
study
to
make
them
marketable
when
they
finally
get
their
degrees
or diplomas.
-
Looking
at
the
current
economic
gloom,
I
even
resent
myself
for
pursuing
paper
qualification blindly and ignoring a
valuable and marketable skill.
compete:
vi.
try to win sth. by defeating others who
are trying to do the same
- Athletes
will compete against each other according to the
knockout system.
-
John
competed for a place at school, but he didn’t get
in.
-
We
must
strive
to
fully
equip
ourselves
to
seize
new
opportunities
and
to
compete
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大学英语一讲稿
successfully in the global market as we
enter this new era.
-
虽然只有四匹马竞争，但比赛很精彩。
(Although
there
were
only
four
horses
competing, it was an exciting race.)
Pattern:
compete against
(with)
与?竞争
compete for
为?竞争
compete in
在?中竞争
beloved:
1.
adj.
dearly loved
- He never recovered from the death of
his beloved daughter.
- This man was
beloved by / of all who knew him.
-
Every lover sees a thousand graces in the beloved
object.
(
情人眼里出西施。
)
2.
n.
dearly loved person
- I received a dozen roses from my
beloved on my birthday.
-
He wrote a sonnet to his beloved.
firm:
n.
a business company
- No employees of the firm are allowed
to anticipate their salary.
- They demanded the divorce of the
subsidiary from the parent firm.
-
公司应按照同工同酬的原则进行分配。
(The firm
should distribute on the principle of
equal pay for equal work.)
-
The director was careful not to lay the
firm’s plans bare.
(
董事很注意不外露公司的计划。
)
embarrass:
vt.
make (sb.) feel awkward or ashamed
-
I’m so sorry to embarrass
you in front of your friends.
- He was very embarrassed to hear
people speak so highly of him.
- Eye
contact may convey sincerity and attentiveness in
Western cultures, but too much
eye
contact may embarrass people in some oriental
cultures.
-
这是一个尴尬的局面
,
但是他们成功地应付过去了。
(It
was
an
embarrassing
situation, but
they carried it off well.)
odd:
adj.
1. strange; unusual
- We always meet in odd circumstances.
- She gets odder as she
grows older.
-
Don’t you
think it odd that the famous pop singer should
have committed suicide?
2.
separated from its pair or set
- There
was nothing but an odd sho
e under the
old man’s bed.
3. (of
numbers) unable to be divided by two
-
1, 3, 5 are odd numbers.
CF: strange,
odd, peculiar & eccentric
这些形容词均含有“奇怪的、奇异的、新奇的”之意。
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