-
The Analysis of Passionate Shepherd to
His Love
Chiristopher Marlowe is the most
prominent pastoral poet in the Elizabethan age.
The
Passionate Shepherd to His Love is
one of Marlowe's most famous works, which
influenced many
generations. The
narrator expressed his innocent, deep love to his
admired girl through musical
beauty and
magnificent images in the poem and called her to
live with him and be his love.
Sound
and image count a lot in this outstanding poem.
When read this poem, we can strong feel
the musical beauty. It is in regular iambic
tetrameter
with rhyme scheme aabb. Out
of 24 lines, only 7 lines are not iambic. It makes
the whole poem a
beautiful folk song,
sometime high, sometime low, reflecting the
intensive emotion of the
shepherd. At
the beginning, the narrator called out
directly
showing his aspiration. The
repetition of the sentence promotes the emotion,
and perfects the
structure. In the
poem, out of 8 vowels, half are long vowels and
half are short or diphthongs.
They are
set in the order of short, long, short,long ,with
long vowels stressed and short vowels
long vowels that gentle, quietexpress the
shepherd's bosoming love to the girl.
While the short vowels that are
jumping, lively reveals the shepherd's athrill
emotion. This
juxtaposition of vowels
makes the poem smooth but not slow,relaxed but not
loose, and finally
becomes a
delightful, melodious love song.
A good
song must have good lyrics. The narrator used
various beautiful things that to be seen,
heard, touched, smelled to fulfill this
love song. In the first stanza, the shepherd
depicted us a
harmonious rustic life
picture. The valleys, groves, hills,fields, woods
and mountains are typical
pastoral
images, which construct an fresh atmosphere at the
beginning. Then the narrator used
rivers, bird -sings, rose bed, ivy bus,
etc from different aspects showed his love to the
girl. The
rustic images are clear and
fresh, symboling the innocent love without any
dirty purposes. Girls
are all found of
romance, so rose bed, gown, ivy buds appeared to
persuade the girl to be his love.
If
she agree, all these niceness will be in her hand.
What's more, various colours appear to
readers' eyes. Green hill, white river,
golden, red rose bed are full of passion and
romance, which
showed that the
narrators was enthusiastic and even a little
nervous. From it, we can feel he is
quite serious and zealous to his
affection. Beside, myrtle and ivy bus belongs to
Venus who was
supposed to be the most
beautiful woman in the world. They implicated that
the girl was the
most beautiful one in
his eyes. No woman can't be unmoved by such a
passionate, romantic
last, the
narrator used if to ask whether the girl would
accept his love, showing his
respect to
his admired girl.
Immersed in the musical beauty and nice
images, readers fully feel the shepherd's
passionate, innocent love to his girl.
So, it's no wonder that it still be intoned by
many people
around the world now.
论读书
Comment on Francis
Bacon
’
s Of Studies
Of Studies is one of famous
works written by Francis
Bacon
’
s, an English
philosopher, statesman,
and essayist of
Elizabethan age. Francis Bacon comments forcefully
on the value of reading and
learning
throughout this concise, one-paragraph essay. He
strives to persuade us to study, and
tells us how to study efficiently.
Of Studies is an essay
written to inform us of the benefits of studying,
which tells us that natural
abilities
are like natural plants that need pruning by
study. It can be divided into three levels. In
the
first
level,
the
writer
tells
the
purposes
or
uses
of
studies:
Studies
serve
for
delight,
for
ornament,
and
for
ability.
The
second
level
is
to
tell
us
the
methods
of
reading
books:
Some
books are to be tasted,
others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed
and digested. The
last level introduces
the effect of studies: Reading makes a full man;
conference a ready man; and
writing and
exact man.
Bacon applies many figures
of speech to this essay, such as parallelism,
ellipsis, simile and analogy.
Those
figures
of
speech
contribute
to
express
the
author
’
s
thought
and
make
the
essay
infectious and persuasive.
⑴
parallelism and
ellipsis
Parallelism is also called
parallel structure.
Parallelism is the use of components in
a sentence
that are grammatically the
same; or similar in their construction, sound or
meaning.
It appears
throughout the whole essay.
For example:
?
Reading maketh a full man; conference a ready man;
and writing an exact man.
?
Histories make men wise;
poets witty; the mathematics subtle; natural
philosophy deep; moral
grave; logic and
rhetoric able to contend.
?
Bowling is good for the
stone and reins; shooting for the lungs and
breast; gentle walking for
the stomach;
riding for the head; and the like.
The
orders
are
always
from
light
to
heavy,
and
usually
from
bottom
to
climax.
This
kind
of
arrangement simplifies the language
structure and creates visual beauty of symmetry.
From the
stylistic functions, it is
advantageous for expressing strong feelings,
outstanding the emphasized
contents,
and
enhancing
the
strength
of
language.
In
this
essay,
he
uses
a
large
amount
of
parallelism combined with ellipsis,
making the essay more concise and the key
information more
prominent. Just like
the first examples I mentioned above, the author
omit
“
maketh
”
in the
second and
third parts to avoid repetition, which makes the
sentence brief and concise.
⑵
Analogy and
simile
?
“
They perfect nature, and
are perfected by experience: for natural abilities
are like natural
plants, that need
pruning by study; and studies themselves do give
forth directions too much at
large,
except they be bounded in by
experience.
”
?
“
Some books also may be read
by deputy, and extracts made of them bothers; but
that would
be only in the less
important arguments, and the meaner sort of books,
else distilled books are
like common
distilled waters, flashy
things.
”
Analogy, a form of comparison, but
unlike simile or metaphor which usually uses
comparison on
one point of resemblance,
analogy draws a parallel between two unlike things
that have several
common qualities or
points of resemblance, is another important
rhetorical device in Of Studies.
In first sentence, the author compares
the natural abilities to natural plants in order
to make the
sentence easy to
understand.
As we all know,
if the natural plants are not to be pruned, they
will grow out of shape. Thel analogy
between the natural plants and natural abilities
is vivid and
let the readers know that
experience can make up the deficiency of
abilities.
Simile is a
figure of
speech which makes a
comparison between two unlike elements having at
least one quality or
characteristic in
common.
It is just used
once in this essay.
It
shows in the second sentence.
Bacon compares the
“
distilled
books
”
to common
“
distilled
waters
”
to
criticize those who