-
专题
4
阅读理解Ⅱ：细节理解题
[2016·全国卷Ⅰ]
C
I am Peter
Hodes, a volunteer stem cell courier. Since March
2012, I've done 89 trips
—
of
those, 51 have been abroad. I have 42
hours to carry stem
cells(
干细胞
) in my little box
because
I've got two ice packs and
that's how long they last. In all, from the time
the stem cells are
harvested from a
donor(
捐献者
) to the time they
can be implanted in the patient, we've got 72
hours at most. So I am always
cons
cious of time.
I had
one trip last year where I was caught by a
hurricane in America. I picke
d up the
stem
cells in Providence, Rhode Island,
and was meant to fly to Washington then back to
London. But
when I arrived at the
check?in desk at Providence, the lady on the desk
said: “Well, I'm rea
lly
sorry, I've got some bad news for
you
—there are no fights from
Washington.”
So I took my box
and put it on the desk and I
said
：“In this box are some stem cells
that are urgently needed
for
a
patient
—
please,
please,
you've
got
to
get
me
back
to
the
United
Kingdom.
”
She
just
dropped
everything.
She
arranged
for
a
flight
on
a
small
plane
to
be
held
for
me,
re?routed(改道
)
me
through
Newark
and got me back to the UK even earlier than
originally scheduled.
For this courier
job, you're consciously aware that in that box
you've got something that
is
potentially going to save somebody's life.
30. Why does Peter have to complete his
trip within 42 hours?
A
．
He cannot stay
away from his job too long.
B
．
The donor can
only wait for that long.
C
．
The operation
needs that much time.
D
．
The ice won't
last any longer.
31. Which flight did
the woman put Peter on first?
A
．
To London.
B
．
To Newark.
C
．
To Providence.
D
．
To Washington.
【文章大意】
本文是一篇记叙文。文
章主要讲述了作者在一次运送造血干细胞途中的一段经历，表现
了人们之间的友爱。
1
[2016·全国卷Ⅰ]
D
The
meaning
of
silence
varies
among
cultural
groups.
Silences
may
be
thoughtfu
l,
or
they
may
be
empty
when
a
person
has
nothing
to
say.
A
silence
in
a
conversation
may
also
show
stubbornness,
uneasiness or
worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural
groups as extremely uncomfortable;
therefore
attempts
may
be
made
to
fill
every
gap(
间隙
)
with
conversation.
Persons
in
other
cultural
groups value
silence and view it as necessary for understanding
a person's needs.
Many
Native
Americans
value
silence
and
feel
it
is
a
basic
part
of
communicating
among
people,
just as some traditional Chinese and
Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one
of these
cultures is speaking and
suddenly stops, what may be
implied(
暗示
) is that the
person wants the
listener to consider
what has been said before continuing. In these
cultures, silence is a call
for
reflection.
Other
cultures
may
use
silence
in
other
ways,
particularly
when
dealing
with
conflicts
among
people
or
in
relationships
of
people
with
different
amounts
of
power.
For
example,
Russian,
French,
and Spanish persons
may use silence to show agreement between parties
about the topic under
discussion.
However,
Mexicans
may
use
silence
when
instructions
are
given
by
a
person
in
authority
rather than be
rude to that
person by arguing with him
or her. In still another use, persons in
Asian cultures may view silence as a
sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a
person in
authority.
Nurses
and other care
?
givers need
to be aware of the possible meanings of silence
when they
come
across
the
personal
anxiety
their
patients
may
be
experiencing.
Nurses
should
recognize
their
own personal and
cultural construction of silence so
that a patient's silence is not
interrupted
too early or
allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who
understands the healing(
治愈
)
value of
2
silence
can
use
this
understanding
to
assist
in
the
care
of
patients
from
their
own
and
fr
om
other
cultures.
32. What does the
author say about silence in conversations?
A
．
It implies
anger.
B
．
It
promotes friendship.
C
．
It is
culture
?
specific.
D
．
It is
content
?
based.
33. Which of the following people might
regard silence as a call for careful
th
ought?
A
．
The Chinese.
B
．
The French.
C
．
The Mexicans.
D
．
The Russians.
34. What does the author advise nurses
to do about silence?
A
．
Let it continue
as the patient pleases.
B
．
Break it while
treating patients.
C
．
Evaluate its
harm to patients.
D
．
Make use of its
healing effects.
33
．
A
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“…just as some traditional
Chinese and Thai persons
do…what may be
implied(暗示
) is that the person wants
the listener to consider what has been
said before continuing.”可知，中国人和泰国人认为谈话时
人们的沉默是在思考。故选
A
。
34
．
D
细节理解题。根据末段末句“A
nurse
who
understands
the
healing(治愈
)
value
of
silence
can use this understanding to assist in
the care of patients…”可知，作者建议护士用沉默的效
果来帮
助治疗病人。故选
D
。
[2016·全国卷Ⅱ]
D
A new
collection of photos brings an unsuccessful
Antarctic voyage back to life.
Frank
Hurley's pictures would be
outstanding
—undoubtedly first?rate
photo?journalism—
if
3
they had been made last
week. In fact, they were shot from 1914 through
1916, most of them after
a
disastrous
shipwreck(
海难
),
by
a
cameraman
who
had
no
reasonable
expectation
of
survival.
Many
of the images were stored in an ice
chest, under freezing water, in the damaged wooden
ship.
The ship was the Endurance, a
small,
tight, Norwegian?built
three?master that was intended
to take
Sir Ernest Shackleton and a small crew of seamen
and scientists, 27 men in all, to the
southernmost shore of Antarctica's
Weddell Sea. From that point Shackleton wanted to
force a
passage by dog
sled(
雪橇
) across the
continent. The journey was intended to achieve
more than
what
Captain
Robert
Falcon
Scott
had
done.
Captain
Scott
had
reached
the
South
Pole
early
in
1912
but had died with his
four companions on the march back.
As
writer Caroline Alexander makes clear in her
forceful and well
?
researched
story
The
Endurance,
adventuring
was
even
then
a
thoroughly
commercial
effort.
Scott's
last
journey,
completed as he lay
in a tent dying of cold and hunger, caught the
world's imagination, and a
film
made in
his honour
drew crowds. Shackleton, a onetime
British merchant?navy officer who had
got to within 100 miles of the South
Pole in 1908, started a business before his 1914
voyage to
make money from movie and
still photography. Frank Hurley, a confident and
gifted Australian
photographer
who
knew
the
Antarctic,
was
hired
to
make
the
images,
most
of
which
have
never
before
been
published.
13. What do we know about
the photos taken by Hurley?
A. They
were made last week.
B. They showed
undersea sceneries.
C. They were found
by a cameraman.
D. They recorded a
disastrous adventure.
14. Who reached
the South Pole first according to the text?
A. Frank Hurley. B. Ernest
Shackleton.
C. Robert Falcon Scott.
D. Caroline Alexander.
15.
Wha
t does Alexander think was the
purpose of the 1914 voyage?
A. Artistic
creation. B. Scientific research.
C. Money making. D. Treasure
hunting.
【文章大意】
本
文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了
Frank
用图片使一次失败的南
极航海活动重新进入人们
4
的视野，让人们能够了解这次航海的许多信息。
[2016·全国卷Ⅲ]
B
On one of her
trips to New York several years ago, Eudora Welty
decided to take a couple of
New
York
friends
out
to
dinner.
They
settled
in
at
a
comfortable
East
Side
cafe
and
within
minutes,
another customer
was approaching their table.
“
Hey,
aren't
you
from
Mississippi
？”
the
elegant,
white?haired
writer
remembered
being
asked
by
the stranger. “I'm from Mississippi
too.”
Without a second
thought, the woman joined the Welty party. When
her dinner partner showed
up, she also
pulled up a chair.
“
They
began telling me all the news of
Mississippi
，” Welty said. “I didn't
know what my
New York friends were
thinking.”
Taxis
on
a
rainy
New
York
night
are
rarer
than
sunshine.
By
the
time
the
group
got
up
to
leave,
it
was
pouring
outside.
Welty's
new
friends
immediately
sent
a
waiter
to
find
a
cab.
Heading
back
downtown
toward
her
hotel,
her
big?city
friends
were
amazed
at
the
turn
of
events
that
had
changed
their Big Apple
dinner into a Mississippi state
reunion(
团聚
).
“
My friend said:
‘Now we believe your stories，’” Welty
added. “And I said: ‘Now you
know.
These are the people that make me write
them
．’”
Sitting
on a sofa in her room, Welty, a slim figure in a
simple gray dress, looked pleased
with
this explanation.
“
I
don't
make
them
up
，”
she
said
of
the
characters
in
her
fiction
these
last
50
or
so
ye
ars.
“I don't have to.”
5
Beauticians,
bartenders,
piano
players
and
people
with
purple
hats,
Welty's
people
come
from
afternoons
spent
visiting
with
old
friends,
from
walks
through
the
streets
of
her
native
Jackson,
Miss, from conversations overheard on a
bus. It annoys Welty that, at 78, her left ear has
now
given
out.
Sometimes,
sitting
on
a
bus
or
a
train,
she
hears
only
a
fragment(
片断
)
of
a
particularly
interesting story.
5. What
happened when Welty was with her friends at the
cafe?
A. Two strangers joined her.
B. Her childhood friends came in.
C. A heavy rain ruined the dinner.
D. Some people held a party
there.
7. What can we learn
about the characters in Welty's fiction?
A. They live in big cities.
B. They are mostly women.
C. They come from real life.
D. They are pleasure seekers.
[2015·全国卷Ⅰ]
A
Monthly talks
at London Canal Museum
Our
monthly
talks
start
at
19
：
30
on
the
first
Thursday
of
each
month
except
Aug
ust.
Admission
is at normal charges and you don't need
to book. They end around
21
：
00.
November_7th
The
Canal Pioneers,
by Chris Lewis. James
Brindley is recognized as one
of the
leading early
6
canal engineers. He was also a major
player in training others in the art of canal
planning and
building.
Chris
Lewis
will
explain
how
Brindl
ey
made
such
a
positive
contribution
to
the
education
of
that group of early “civil engineers”．
December_5th
Ice
for the Metropolis,
by Malcolm Tucker.
Well before the arrival of freezers, there was
a
demand
for
ice
for
food
preservation
and
catering.
Malcolm
will
explain
the
history
of
importing
natural ice and
the technology of building ice wells, and how
London's ice trade grew.
February_6th
An
Update on the Cotswold Canals,
by Liz
Payne. The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards
reopening. The Thames and Severn Canal
will take a little longer. We will have a report
on the
present state of play.
March_6th
Eyots
and
Aits
—
Thames
Islands,
by
Miranda
Vickers.
The
Thames
has
many
islands.
Miranda
has
undertaken a review of all of them. She
will tell us about those of greatest interest.
Online
bookings
：
/book
More
info
：
/whatson
London Canal Museum
12
?
13 New Wharf
Road, London NI 9RT
Tel
：
020 7713 0836
21
．
When is the
talk on James Brindley?
A
．
February 6th.
B
．
March 6th.
C
．
November 7th.
D
．
December 5th.
22. What is the topic of the talk in
February?
A
．
The
Canal Pioneers.
B
．
Ice for the
Metropolis.
C
．
Eyots and
Aits
—
Thames Islands.
7
D
．
An Update on
the Cotswold Canals.
23. Who will give
the talk on the islands in the Thames?
A
．
Miranda
Vickers.
B
．
Malcolm Tucker.
C
．
Chris Lewis.
D
．
Liz Payne.
[2015·全国卷Ⅰ
]
B
The freezing
north
?
east hasn't been a
terribly fun place to spend time this winter, so
when
the chance came for a weekend to
Sarasota, Florida, my bags were packed before you
could say
“sunshine”.
I
left
for
the
land
of
warmth
and
vitamin
C(维生素
C),
thinking
of
beaches
and
orange
trees. When we
touched down to blue skies and warm air, I sent up
a small prayer
of gratefulness.
Swimming pools, wine tasting, and pink
sunsets(at normal evening hours, not 4 in the
afternoon)
filled
the
weekend,
but
the
best
part
—particularly
to
my
taste,
dulled
by
months
of
cold?weather
root
vegetables
—
was
a
7
am
adventure
to
the
Saraso
ta
farmers'
market
that
proved
to
be
more
than
worth
the early wake?up call.
The
market, which was founded in 1979, sets up its
tents every Saturday from 7 am to 1 pm,
rain or shine, along North Lemon and
State streets. Baskets of perfect red
strawberries; the
red?painted sides of
the Java Dawg coffee truck; and most of all, the
tomatoes: amazing, large,
soft and
round red tomatoes.
8
Disappointed by many a broken,
vine?ripened(蔓上成熟的
) promise,
I've refused to buy winter
tomatoes
for
years.
No
matter
how
attractive
they
look
in
the
store,
once
I
get
them
home
they're
unfailingly dry,
hard, and tasteless. But I homed in, with
uncertainty, on one particular table
at
the Brown's Grove Farm's stand, full of fresh and
soft tomatoes the size of my fist. These
were the real
deal
—
and at that moment, I
realized that the best part of Sarasota in winter
was
going
to
be
eating
things
that
back
home
in
New
York
I
wouldn't
be
experiencing
again
for
months.
Delighted
as
I
was
by
the
tomatoes
in
sight,
my
happiness
deepened
when
I
learned
that
Brown's
Grove
Farm
is
one
of
the
suppliers
for
Jack
Dusty,
a
newly
opened
restaurant
at
the
Sar
asota
Ritz
Carlton,
where
—
luckily
for
me
—
I
was
planning
to
have
dinner
that
very
night.
Without
even
seeing
the menu, I knew
I
'd be ordering every tomato on it.
24. What did the author think of her
winter life in New York?
A
．
Exciting.
B
．
Boring.
C
．
Relaxing.
D
．
Annoying.
25.
What made the author's getting up early
worthwhile?
A
．
Having a swim.
B
．
Breathing in
fresh air.
C
．
Walking in the
morning sun.
D
．
Visiting a
local farmers' market.
27. What was the
author going to do that evening?
A
．
Go to a farm.
B
．
Check into a
hotel.
C
．
Eat in a
restaurant.
D
．
Buy
fresh vegetables.
9
25
．
D
细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句可知，作者认为早上
7<
/p>
点到当地的农产品市场是有意义
的。故选
D
。
27
．
C
细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“…a newly opened
restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz
Carlton,
where
—
luckily for
me
—I was planning to have dinner that
very night.”可知，作者那
天晚上计划在餐馆吃饭。故选
< br>C
。
[2015·全国卷Ⅰ]
C
Salva
dor
Dali
(1904
—
1989)
was
one
of
the
most
popular
of
modern
artists.
The
Pompidou
Centre
in Paris is showing its respect and
admiration for the artist and his powerful
personality with
an
exhibition
bringing
together
over
200
paintings,
sculptures,
drawings
and
more.
Among
the
works
and
masterworks
on
exhibition
the
visitor
will
find
the
best
pieces,
most
importantly
The
Persistence
of
Memory
. There is also
L
'
Enigme
sans
Fin
from 1938, works on
pap
er, objects, and
projects
for
stage
and
screen
and
selected
parts
from
television
programmes
reflecting
the
artist's
showman qualities.
The
visitor will enter the World of Dali through an
egg and is met with the beginning, the
world
of
birth.
The
exhibition
follows
a
path
of
time
and
subject
with
the
visitor
exiting
through
the brain.
The exhibition shows how Dali draws the
viewer between two infinities(
无限).
“From the
infinity
small
to
the
infinity
large,
contraction
and
expansion
coming
in
and
out
of
focus:
amazing
Flemish accuracy
a
nd the showy Baroque of old painting
that he used in his museum?theatre in
Figueras
，” explains the
Pompidou Centre.
The fine
selection of the major works was done in close
collaboration(
合作
) with the
Museo
Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid,
Spain, and with contributions from other
institutions like the
Salvador Dali
Museum in St. Petersburg, Florida.
28.
Which of the following best describes Dali
according to Paragraph 1?
A
．
Optimistic.
B
．
Productive.
C
．
Generous.
D
．
Traditional.
29. What is Dali's
The
Persistence
of
Memory
considered to be?
A
．
One of his
masterworks.
10
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