2016年全国一卷英语及答案

高考复习试题（五）

第二部分

阅读理解（共两节，满分

40

分）

（ 共

15

小题；每小题

2

分，满分

30

分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（

A

、

B

、

C

和

D

）中选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上

将该项 涂黑

A

You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of th

e outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100

years?

Jane Addams (1860-1935)

Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helpe

d the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community(

社区

) by creating

shelters and promoting education and services for people in need In 1931,Addams became the first

American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.

Rachel Carson (1907-1964)

If it

weren?t

for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular

1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of c

hemicals on humans and on the

world?s

lakes and oceans.

Sandra Day

O?Connor

(1930-present)

When Sandra Day O

’

Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a la

w firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(

参议员

) and ,in 1981, the

first woman to join the U. S. Supreme Court. O

’

Connor gave the deciding vote in many

important cases during her 24 years on the top court. Rosa Parks (1913-2005)

On December 1,1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rasa Parks would not give up her seat on a bu

s to a passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boy

cott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement.

“The

only tired I was

, was tired of giving

in,”

said Parks.

21. What is jane Addams noted for in history?

A. Her social work.

B. Her lack of proper training in law.

C. Her efforts to win a prize.

D. Her community background.

22. What is the reason for

O?Connor?s

being rejected by the law firm?

A. Her lack of proper training in law.

B. Her little work experience in court.

C. The discrimination against women.

D. The poor financial conditions.

23. Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the US?

A. Jane Addams.

B. Rachel Carson.

C. Sandra Day

O?Connor.

D. Ross Parks.

24. What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?

A. They are highly educated. B. They are truly creative.

C. They are pioneers. D. They are peace-lovers.

B

Grandparents Answer a Call

As a third generation native of Brownsville, Texas, Mildred Garza never pleased move away. E

ven when her daughter and son asked her to move to San Antonio to help their children, she politel

y refused. Only after a year of friendly discussion did Ms. Gaf finally say yes. That was four years

ago. Today all three generations regard the move to a success, giving them a closer relationship th

an they would have had in separate cities.

No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to the children

and grandchildren. Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing. Even President Oba

ma?s

mother-in-law, Marian Robinson, has agreed to leave Chicago and into the White House to h

elp care for her granddaughters. According to a study grandparents com. 83 percent of the people s

aid Mrs. Robinson

?s

decision will influence the grandparents in the American family. Two- thirds

believe more families will follow the example of

Obama?s

family.

“In

the 1960s we were all a littl

e wild and

couldn?t

get away from home far enough fast enough to prove we could do it on our ow

n,”

says Christine Crosby, publisher of Grate magazine for grandparents. We now realize how imp

ortant family is and how important to be near them, especially when

you?re

raining

children.”

Moving is not for everyone. Almost every grandparent wants to be with his or her grandchildren

and is willing to make sacrifices, but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently instead.

Having your grandchildren far away is hard, especially knowing your adult child is struggling, but

giving up the life you know may be harder.

25. Why was

Garza?s

move a success?

A. It strengthened her family ties. B. It improved her living conditions.

C. It enabled her make more friends. D. It helped her know more new places.

26. What was the reaction of the public to Mrs.

Robinson?s

decision?

A. 17% expressed their support for it. B. Few people responded sympathetically.

C. 83% believed it had a bad influence. D. The majority thought it was a trend.

27. What did Crosby say about people in the 1960s?

A. They were unsure of raise more children.

B. They were eager to raise more children.

C. They wanted to live away from their parents.

D. They bad little respect for their grandparent.

28. What does the author suggest the grandparents do in the last paragraph?

A. Make decisions in the best

interests?

of their own

B. Ask their children to pay more visits to them

C. Sacrifice for their struggling children

D. Get to know themselves better

C

I am Peter Hodes, a volunteer stem courier. Since March 2012, I've done 89 trips of those , 51 h

ave been abroad, I have 42 hours to carry stem cells

（干细胞）

in my little box because I've got

two ice packs and that's how long they last, in all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from

a donor(

捐献者

) to the time they can be implanted in the patient, we

’

ve got 72 hours at most,

So I am always conscious of time.

I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stem ce

lls in Providence, Rhode Island, and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London. But wh

en I arrived at the check-in desk at Providence, the lady on the desk said:

“Well,

I?m

really sorry, I

?ve

got some bad news for you-there are no fights from

Washington.”

So I took my box and put it

on the desk and I said:

“In

this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient- pleas

e, please,

you?ve

got to get me back to the United Kingdom.

”

She just dropped everything. She a

rranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me. re-routed(

改道

) me through Newark and

got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled.

For this courier job,

you?re

consciously aware than that box

you?re

got something that is pote

ntially going to save

somebody?s

life.

29. Which of the following can replace the underlined word

“courier”

in Paragraph17

A. provider B. delivery man C. collector D. medical doctor

30. Why does Peter have to complete his trip within 42hours?

A. He cannot stay away from his job too long.

B. The donor can only wait for that long.

C. The operation needs that very much.

D. The ice won't last any longer.

31. Which flight did the woman put Peter on first?

A. To London B. To Newark

C. To Providence D. To Washington

D

The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may

be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornne

ss, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefor

e attempts may be made to fill every gap(

间隙

) with conversation. Persons in other cultural

groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person's needs.

Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among peo

ple, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of th

ese cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what maybe implied(

暗示

) is that the person wants

the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for

reflection.

Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among pe

ople or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French,

and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under dis

cussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority

rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian

cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.

Nurses and other care- givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they co

me across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their o

wn personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient

’

s silence is not interrupted

too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing(

治愈

) value of

silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cu

ltures.

does the author say about silence in conversations?

A. It implies anger. B. It promotes friendship.

C. It is culture-specific. D. It is content-based.

of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?

A. The Chinese. B. The French. C. The Mexicans. D. The Russians.

does the author advise nurses to do about silence?

A. Let it continue as the patient pleases. B. Break it while treating patients.

C. Evaluate its harm to patients. D. Make use of its healing effects.