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初二英语下册知识点归纳

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2021-03-03 18:18
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2021年3月3日发(作者:口号英语)



















Last revision on 21 December 2020




初二


(< /p>


八年级


)


下册英语第一单元知识点归纳< /p>




初二


(


八年级


)


下册英语第一单元知识点主要是依 据初二


(


八年级


)

下册英语教材,从重


点短语、知识归纳、语法知识这三个部分总结了初二

< p>
(


八年级


)


下册英语第一 单元知识


点,适合初二学生学习英语、中考考生备考英语。





【重点短语】





1. fewer people


更少的人


(fewer


修饰名词复数,表示否定


)





2. less free time


更少的空闲时间


(less


修饰不可数名词,表示否定


)





3. in ten years 10


年后


(in


的时间短语用于将来时,提问用


How soon)





4. fall in love with




爱上…





例:


When I met Mr. Xu for the first time, I fell in love with him at


once





当我第一次见到许老师,我立刻爱上他





5. live alone


单独居住





6. feel lonely


感到孤独

(


比较:


live alone/go along



)





The girl walked alone along the street, but she didn



t feel lonely


那女孩


独自沿着街道走,但她并不感到孤独





7. keep/feed a pet pig


养一头宠物猪







8. fly to the moon


飞上月球





9. hundreds of +


复数



数百


/


几百


(


概数,类似还有


thousands of; millions of)





10. the same as


和……相同





11. A be different from B A



B


不同


(= There is a difference/Thgere are


differences between A and B)





12. wake up


醒来


(wake sb. up


表示



“唤醒某人”





13. get bored


变得 厌倦


(get/become


是连系动词,后跟形容词如


tired/angry/excited



)





14. go skating


去滑冰


(


类似还有


go hiking/fishing /skating/bike riding



)





15. lots of/a lot of


许多


(


修饰可数名词、 不可数名词都可以


)





16. at the weekends


在周末





17. study at home on computers


在家通过电脑学习





18. agree with sb.

< br>同意某人


(


的意见


)

< p>




19. I don



t agree. = I disagree.


我不同意





20. on a piece of paper


在一张纸 上


(


注意


paper/informa tion/news/work/homework/housework


等常考到的不 可数名词


)





21. on vacation


度假







22. help sb with sth/help sb do sth


帮助某人做某事





23. many different kinds of goldfish


许多不同种金鱼





24. live in an apartment


住在公寓里


/live on the twelfth floor


住在


12






25. live at ,Shanghai Street


住在上海路


332






26. as a reporter


作为一名记者





27. look smart


显 得精神


/


看起来聪明





28. Are you kidding


你在骗我吗





29. in the future

在将来


/


在未来





30. no more=not



anymore


不再


(


强调多次发生的动作不再发生


)I



ll go there


no more.





31. no longer=not



any longer

< p>
不再


(


强调状态不再发生


)





32. besides(


除…之外还,包括

< br>)



except



but(


除…之外,不包括


)

< br>




33. be able to



can


能、会





l (be able to


用于各种时态,而


can


只能用于一般现在时态和一般过去时态



;have to


用于各种时态,而


must


只能用于一般现在时态


)


例如:





have been able to/will be able to speak two languages. (


不可以用


can)







2. had to stay at home/ will have to (


不可以用


must)





big and crowded


大而且拥挤





34. be in college


在上大学





35. live on a space station


住在空间站





36. dress casually


穿得很随意


casual clothing


休闲服饰





37. win the next World Cup


赢得世界杯


win award


获僵





38. come true


变成现实





39. take hundreds of years


花几百年的时间





40. be fun to watch


看起来有趣





41. over and over again


一次又一次





42. be in different shapes


形状不同





43. twenty years from now


今后


20





【本单元目标句型】





1. What do you think life will be like in 1000 years





2. There will be fewer trees



more buildings and less pollution in the


future.







l fewer; less


表示否定之意,分别修饰可数名词和不可数名词


;more


二者都可以


修饰。





3. Will kids go to school No, they won



t/Yes, they will






4. Predicting the future can be difficult.





5. I need to look smart for my job interview.





6. I will be able to dress more casually.





7. I think I



ll go to Hong Kong on vacation, and one day I might even


visit Australia.





8. What will teenagers do for fun twenty years from now





9. That may not seem possible now, but computers, space rockets and even


electric toothbrushes seemed impossible a hundred years ago.





【知识归纳】





形容词,副词的比较等级考查热点透视:





a)


表示


A



B


在程度 上相同


b)


时,


c)



as+


形容词或副词的原级


+as


”结构。表示


A



d)



B


时,


e)


可用“


not as/so+

< br>形容词或副词的原级


+as


”结构。




f)


表示


A



B


在程度上“更…


..


”时,


g)


可用“形容词或副词的比较级


+than


”结 构





h)


表示三者或三者以上的比较,


i)


其中 一个在程度上“最…


..


”时,


j)< /p>


常用“


the+


形容

词或副词的最高级”结构,


k)


后面可带“


of/in


的短语”来说明比较的范围。


(

< p>
注意:副词


的最高级在句中常省略“


the



.)







l)< /p>


在形容词或副词的比较级前,


m)


可以用 “


a little, even, far, much,still


”的等


词语来修饰,


n)


以加 强语气。





o)


表示“越来越…


.


”时,


p)


常用“形容词或副词的比较级


+and+


形容词或副词的比较级”


结构,


q)< /p>


但要注意,


r)


对于多音节和部分双音节 形容词,


s)


副词而


t)


言,


u)


若要表达此


意时,


v)


要用“


more and more+


形容词或副词的原级“结构。





w)


在表 示“其中最…


.


之一“的含义时,


x)


常使用




one of+the+


形容词最高 级形式


+



y)


词复


z)


数”结构,


aa)


其中的定冠词


the



bb)


可以省略。





cc)


如果强调“两者中比较…的< /p>


(


一个


)


”的意 思时,


dd)


可使用“


the+


形容词比较级


+



它 ”结构。





ee)


表示“越…


.


越…

< p>
.



,


可使用“


the+


形容词或副词的比较级,


ff)th e+


形容词或副词


的比较级”结构。





2 .


一般将来时





一般将来时的构成:由助动词


sha ll



will


加动词原形构成,


shall


用于第一人


称。在口语中,


will


在名词或代词后常简略为’


ll< /p>



will not


常简略为


won



t


。这个时< /p>


态的肯定,否定和疑问结构可表示如下:





肯定句否定句疑问句





I (We)shall(will) go.





You(He, She, They) will (We)shall(will) not go.





You(He, She, They)will not I(we) go







Will you (he, she, they) go





用”


be going to +


动词 原形”也可表示将来时,表示将要发生的事,打算或决定要做


的事。




b)


一般将来时的用法:


1)


表示将要发生的动作或情况


;2)


不以人的意志为转移,肯


定要发生的事 情。


The day after tomorrow will be National Day.


后天是国庆日。





3. in/after:in< /p>


是指以现在时间为起点的“在一段时间以后”。也可以表示“在将来


多少时间之内”,句子中的谓语动词要用一般将来时态


;after

< br>常指以过去时间为起点的


“一段时间之后”,所以它与过去时态连用。当


after


指某个特定的未来时刻或日期之


后, 或指以将来某一时间为起点的若干时间之后时,它可以与将来时态连用。





, less, fewer


的用法区别:


more


< br>many, much


的比较级,意为“更多”,可修饰可


数与不可数名词。


Less



lit tle


的比较级,意为“更好,较少”,修饰不可数名词。


Fe wer



few


的比较级,意为“更少 ”,修饰可数名词复数。





【注意】


few, little


表示否定“几乎没有”。


a few, a li ttle


表示肯定“一点,几


个”。





like sth


意思为“想要某物“


; would like to do


意思为”想要做某事“。回答


would


like


句型的一般疑问句时,其肯定回答为




Yes, please.



;


否定回答“


No, thanks


”或




I



d like /love to, but



.






6. Such

< br>作形容词,意思是“如此的”“这样的”,修饰各种名词。





Such


这样的。如


It is such bad weather.


天气如此恶劣。







Such


常和


as


搭配,表示一种类别。如


We enjoy such a voice as hers.


我们喜欢


象她那样的嗓子。





Such


常和表示结果的


that


从句搭配,表示“如此…


.


以至于…”如





It was such a hot day that we all had to stay at home.





Such



that


…和


so


< br>that


…都可用来引出一个结果状语从句。由于


suc h


是形容词,


所以


that

< p>
从句前有一个受


such


修饰的名词


;



so


是副词,用以修 饰形容词或副词,因



that


从句前 一般不出现名词。如





They are such kind-hearted teachers that people in the village all


respect them.





The exam was so difficult that many students failed to pass it.





如果名词是可数名词的单数形式,


s uch



so


的位置不同:

< p>




such+a/a n+


形容词


+


单数名词





so+


形容词


+a/an+


单数名词





如果名词是不可数名词或名词复数 ,只可用


such,


不能用


so.:< /p>





such +


形容词


+


不可数名词或复数名词





如果被修饰的不可数名词被


much, little,


或复数名词被


many, few


等表 示量的形


容词修饰时,用


so


,不用< /p>


such.






little


表示“年纪小的”时, 可用


such+little+


名词。







able to


为“能,会”,表示能力,在这个意义上与


can


的意思相同,一般情况下两


者可 以互换,但


can


只有现在式和过去式


(could)



be able to


则用于更多的时态,主


要体现在


be


的变化。





两者在用法上有一些差异:


can (could)

< p>
表示主观能力不表示意愿,它的将来时用


will be able to



be able to


表示主观意愿强调克服困难做某事。





【重点语法】





一般将来时





表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。本时态标志词:





1.



tomorrow; next


短语


; +


段时间


soon;





+


将来时间


; the time



6.


祈使句句型中:


or/and sb. will do






Be quick, or you will be late=If you don



t be quick, you will be late





7.


在时间


/


条件状语从句中


,


如果从句用一般现在时


,


主句用将来时


day





比较


be going to



will:





be going to


表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情,


will


表示的将来时间则较远一


些。





如:


He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day.







2. be going to


表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情,

will


表示客观上将来势


必发生的事情。





He is seriously ill. He is going to die. He will be twenty years old.





3. be going to


含有“计划,准备”的意思,而


will


则没有这个意思,如:





She is going to lend us her book. He will be here in half an hour.





4.


在有条件从句的主句中,一般不用


be going to,


而多用


will,


如:





If any beasts comes at you, I'll stay with you and help you.





掌握了它们的这些不同,你就能很好的区分


be going to



will


了。

< br>




be going to do (


动词原形


)


结构:表示打算、 准备做的事情或者肯定要发生的事


情。如:


It is going to rain.





will do


结构表示将来的用法:





1.


表示预见





Do you think it will rain





You will feel better after a good rest.





2.


表示意图





I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow.





What will she do tomorrow





基本构成如下:







一般疑问句构成:





(1)will+


主语


+do



Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday





(2)there be


结构的一般疑问句:


Will there + be






Will there be fewer trees Yes, there will. / No, there won



t





否定句构成:


will + not (won



t)+do





Sarah won



t come to visit me next Sunday.





特殊疑问句构成:





特殊疑问词


+will+

< p>
主语


+



What will Sarah do next Sunday





根据例句,用


will


改写下列各句





例:


I don



t feel well today. (be better tomorrow) I



ll be better tomorrow.





1. Gina has six classes today. (have a lot of homework tonight)





_______________ ______________





2. I



m tired now. (sleep later)




< /p>


_____________________________





3. My parents need a new car. (buy one soon)





_______________ ______________





4. We can



t leave right now. (leave a little later)







_____________________________





5. The weather is awful today. (be better tomorrow)



_____________________________



初二英语下册第二单元重点总结





一丶重点短语





v.


争 论


;


争吵


argue with sb.


与某人吵架





I argued with my best friend.


我和我的好朋友吵架了。





2.



either adv.(< /p>


用于否定句


)






He doesn



t have any money, and I don



t, either.


他没有钱,我也没有。





I can



t play chess. She can



t, either.


我不会下国际象棋,她也不会。






too



(


用于肯定或疑问句


)





I



m a is a teacher, too.


我是老师,他也是老师。





(sb.)for sth.< /p>


向某人寻求某物


;


要……





Don't ask for food every and find some work.


别天天要饭,找点儿工作做。





I don



t think you should ask your parents for some money.


我想你不应向父母


要钱。







same as...


与……相同


(


注意前后两个比较对象的属性保持一致


)




The clothes are the same as my friends'.


这些衣服与我朋友的一样。





Tom is the same age as Anna.= Tom is as old as Anna.


汤姆和安娜一样大。





Her backpack is the same as mine.


她的背包与我的一样。






除……以外


;(


不包括……在内


)





My class has been invited except me.


除我以外,我的同学都被邀请了。





All the students went to the park except him.


除了 他之外,全体同学都去过


公园了。





They all traveled America except her.


除了她以外,所有的学生都去美国旅行


过。





注意区别:


besides


除……以 外,还有


...(


包括在内


)





We all went there besides him.


除他去以外,我们也都去了。





(= He went went there, too.)


他也去了,我们也去了


!/


大家都去了


!





There are five more visitors besides me.


除了我之外还有


5


名访客


(


加上我是


6



)





adj.


错误的


;


有毛病的


;


不合适的








What's wrong with you


你怎么了


(< /p>


你哪里不舒服


)






I've got a headache.


我头痛。





What



s wrong with your watch It doesn't work.


你的手表怎么了它不走了。





注意:


W hat



s the matter with you= What



s wrong with you =What



s the


trouble with you


你怎么了


/


你出什么事了





on(well) with sb.

与某人相处


(


融洽


)





get on ( well ) with sth


某事进展地好





The students will get on well with the teacher.


学生会和老 师相处得非常


好。





How are you going on with your new friends


你和你的新朋友相片如何






These days ,Mr Green gets on well with his new job.





这些天,格林先生的工作进展很顺利





a fight with sb.= fight with sb.


与某人打架





I don



t want to have a fight with my cousin.


我不想和我的堂兄打架。





They never fight with each are really good friends.





他们从不打架,他们的确是好朋友。






二、主要句型


(Key Sentences Structures)





What should I do You could write him a letter.





What should he do Maybe he should say sorry to him





What should they do They shouldn't argue.





三、词语辨析





1. borrow sth. from sb.


从某人处借进某物


(


借回来


)





lend sth. to sb. = lend sb. sth


把某物借给某人


(


借出去


)





注:


borrow sth. from sb.


是指该句的主语从别人处


(


往里


)


借进某物






:He borrowed the dictionary from Lucy yesterday.

< p>
他昨天从露西处借了那


本字典


.

< br>




lend sth. to sb. = lend sb. sth.





是指该句的主语把某物


(

< p>
往外


)


借给别人用





例如:


Could you lend me your car





=Could you lend your car to me





请你借给我你的车用一下好吗





2.



get sb. to do




使……做

(


以人为对象时,有“说服……使做……”的含义


)





He could get a tutor to come to his home.


他可以请一位家庭教师来他家。







You



ll never get her to agree.


你决不可能使她同意。






ask sb. to do




邀请


(



)


做……





We asked her to come to our party.


我们请她来参加聚会






tell sb. to do


…让某人做某事



例如:





The teacher told him to finish the work that day.


老师那天让他完成那项工


作。





3



be in style


时髦的,流行的





be out of style


过时的,不时髦的





例:


Look! Her new dress is in style.


她的新裙子很时髦。





Those clothes are out of style.


那些衣服过时了。




四、课文解释





1



I don



t want to surprise him.


我不想让他感到意外。





此处


surprise


是及物动词


surprise sb.


使某人感到吃惊





eg. My friend always surprises me.





2



talk about it on the phone


用电话就此事进行交流





On the phone


在电话里



。不能使用


in the phone








eg. They talk about a lot on the phone yesterday.





他们昨天在电话里谈了很多





3



call sb. (up) =give sb. a call


给某人打电话





4



write sb. a letter = write a letter to sb.


给某人写信





5



give him a ticket to a ball game.


给他一张观看球赛的入场券


(


注意


to



为:


...



)




eg. They got two tickets to tonight



s show.


他们搞了两张今晚表演的入场


券。





6



She has the same haircut as I do.


她和我有相同的发型。





eg. Tim has the same clothes as his brother does.


提姆和他的弟弟有相同的


衣服。





7



find out (

< p>
经过某人的研究、努力


)


发现,查出,找出





You should find out the answer for yourself.


你应该自己去找答案。





8



Everyone else in my class was invited except me.





除了我以外,我们班其他别的人都 接到了邀请


(



)




此句中

else


一词不能单独使用,它必须跟在不定代词像“


so meone, anyone nobody



等词的后面,或 跟在特殊疑问词像“


what, where


”等词的后面使用意思是“别的”







eg. What else


别的什么,


Who else


其他谁


someone else


其他人





9



I can



t think what I did wrong.


我真想不出我做错了什么。





此句中


what I did wrong


是宾语从句,应用陈述语序


(




:主语


+


动词


)





10



I< /p>



m very upset and don



t know what to do.


我很沮丧,不知该干什么。





此句中


what to do


是不定式作


know


的宾语,可用宾语从句 来代替。可以说成“


I


don



t know what I should do.






请背熟以下两个常见结构:


I don



t know what to do .


我不知道该做什么。





I don



t know how to do it.


我不知道该怎么去做它。





11



There are a lot of things you could do.


有许多你能做的事。





此句中


you could do


是定语从句,修饰前面的名词“


things

< br>”





12



You left your homework at home.


你把你的作业落在家里了。





leave sth. +


介词短语,是“把……忘在,落在


(


某处


)


的意思。





eg. He left his umbrella on the bus.


他把伞忘在公交车上。





注:千万不能根据汉语的说法写为:


forget sth ,


只能用


leave sth.


’表示“落下”





13



You should try to be funny.


你应该试着幽默一些。





Try to do


…努力做,试着做,尽量做








try not to do


是尽量不做……





eg. Please try not to be late again.


请尽量不要再迟到。





14



Their school days are busy enough.


他们的学校生活是够忙的。





enough


必须放在形容词


/


副词的后面


,


表示 “足够……的”


(


后置


)





eg. He is tall enough to reach that apple.


他足够高的可以够着那个苹果。





15



be under too much pressure.


在太多的压力下





16



see other children doing a lot of things


看别的孩子在做许多事





see sb. doing


看见某人正在干某事


(


强调动作正在进行


)





See sb do sth


看见某人做过某事


(


强调动作已结束


)





eg. We saw them playing basketball at that time.


那时我们看见他们在打篮球





17



find it hard to do sth.


发现做……


(



)


很难





He found it hard to learn math well.


他发现学好数学很难



注:


it


初中阶段常作:形式主语


/


形式宾语



,而句子真正的主语


/


宾语则由


to do


来担当


.




练习题





一丶单项选择







1. I



m not good at math. I really don



t know________.





A. what should I do should do to do





2. My best friend is the same________. We are both 12 years old.





A. as my age as me me age





3. Can you________ what time the meeting starts





out after





4. My mother knows little about fashion. Her clothes are


always________





style B. Out of style and smart





5. Dad, I don



t have enough money to buy a CD. Could you________me


some









6. Don



t argue________ your parents. It



s not polite.









7.



What should I do





________ you could get________part-time job.






,a be ,/ , a






d better not go out now. It



s raining





- It doesn



t matter. My new coat can keep________ the rain.









9. It



s a beautiful coat. But he ________ only 30 dollars for it.







A. paid





weather is________ for us to go swiming.





warm enough warm





his homework at home yesterday.





A. left





12. Could you give me________ to eat I


’’


m hungry.





thing





13. If you are wrong, you should ________sorry ________others.





A. talk, to , to , about





14.



I was told to be here before seven.





- Oh, you________ .I



m sorry for not telling you that we have changed


the plan.





A. must



t



t





15.



What



s wrong ________ your radio





- It doesn



t work.





A. to





二丶根据首字母及句意完成单词。





1. We a________ with the taxi driver about the money yesterday.





2. Under the p________ of modern life, many people feel very tired.







3. Everyone went to play soccer e________ Tom ,because he doesn



t


like it.





4. She didn



t go to bed u________her mother came back last night.





5. Julia f________ her test,so she was very upset.





三丶甩所给词的适当形式填空。





1. Don



t be stressed out. You should try ________ (be) relaxed.





2. Give me________ (free) or let me die





3. I plan to ________ (surprised) her at her birthday party.





4. Could you please ________ (pass) me those dumplings





5. I



m very upset and don



t know what ________ (do).





四丶根据汉语完成句子。





1.


她生你的气了,所以你她打电话。





She _____ _____ _____ you, so you should _____ _____ _____.





2.


你能给我一些建议吗





Could you give me _____ _____





3. Henry


很失落,不知道该怎么做。





Henry is very _____ and doesn



t know _____ _____ _____ .





4.


星期三詹姆斯把他的历史书落在家里了







James_____ his history book _____ _____ on _____.





5.


孩子们需要时间和自由去玩耍与思考。





Children need _____ and _____ to play and think.



初二


(


八年级


)


下册英语第三单元知识点



英语知识点


]





初二


(< /p>


八年级


)


下册英语第三单元知识点主要是 依据初二


(


八年级


)

< br>下册英语教


材,从应该掌握的词组、需要掌握的句子、重点短语及练习总结了初二


(


八年级


)


下 册英


语第三单元知识点,适合初二学生学习英语、中考考生备考英语。

< br>




一、



应掌握的词组:





1. babysit one



s sister


照顾妹妹





2. visit one



s grandmother


看望奶奶





3. spend time with friends


和朋友们一起度过时光





4. visit cousins


看望表弟等





5. Go to sports camp


去运动野营





to the beach


去海滩





7. go camping


去野营







8. Go shopping


去买东西





9. go swimming


去游泳





10. go boating


去划船





11. go skating


去溜冰





12. go walking


去散步





13. go climbing


去登山





14. go dancing


去跳舞





15. go hiking


去徒步远足





16. go sightseeing


去观光





17. go house-hunting


去找房子





on a hike


徒步旅行,


go bike riding


骑自行车旅行,




19. do some shopping


买东西





20. do some washing


洗衣服





21. do some cooking


作饭





22. do some reading


读书



go fishing


去钓鱼







23. do some speaking


训练口语





24. do some sewing


做缝纫活





sounds nice


那好极了





26. at home


在家





27. how about=what about


……怎么样





28. how long


多长时间





29. how far


多远





30. how often


多长时间一次





31. how much, how many


多少





32. have a good time =have fun= have a wonderful time= enjoy oneself


玩得高兴,过得愉快





33. show sb. Sth.=show sth. to sb.


出示某物给某人看





give me the book=give the book to me


给我书,





pass me the cup=pass the cup to me


把杯子递给我,





sell me the house=sell the house to me


把房子卖给我





buy me a book =buy a book for me


给我买书,







make me a cake=make a cake for me


给我做蛋糕





44. Ask her about her plans


向她询问她的计划


ask sb. about sth.


向某人


询问某事





45. forget to do sth.


忘记要做某事,


forget doing sth.


忘记做过某事




二、应该掌握的句子:





are you doing for vacation I



m babysitting my sister.





are you going with I



m going with my parents.


你要和谁一起去我要和父母一


起去。




is he going camping He is going on the 12th of February, 2005.






m going to Tibet for a week.


我要去西藏一周。





are you doing there I



m going hiking in the mountains.





me your photos when we get back to sch ool.


我们返回学校时,你把照片拿给


我看。



are you going for vacation I



m going to Hawaii for vacation.



你要去哪度假我要去夏威夷度假。




m going to Hawaii for vacation in December, and I



m staying for three


weeks.


我要在


12


月 去夏威夷度假,在那里呆


3


个星期。





is it like there


那里什么样子





10. Can I ask you some questions about your vacation plans





我可以问你一些有关你假期计划的问题吗





11. He thought about going to Greece or Spain, but decided on Canada.



他考虑去希腊或西班牙,但是最后他决定去加拿大。



12. He is leaving the first week in June and staying until September.


< p>
他将在


6


月的第一个星期动身,一直呆到


9


月。



13. Please don



t forget to close the door when you leave.



couldn



t wait to get home to see he parents.


她迫不及待的想回家看望父母。



三丶重点短语





知识点:





过去进行时





a)


过 去进行时由“


was/were+


动词


ing


形式”构成。以动词


work


为 列,


b)


其肯定


式,


c)


否定式,


d)


疑问式以及简略答语见下表:





肯定式:


I/He/She/It was working. We/You/ They were working.





否定式:


I/He/She/It was not working. We/You/They were not working.







疑问式和简略答语:


Was I working Yes, you were.





Was he working No, he wasn



t.





【注意】


was not


常简略为


wasn



t; were not


常简略为


weren



t





e)


过去进行时的用法:过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一 段时间正在进行的动


作。这一特定的过去时间,


f)


除有上,


g)


下文暗示以外,


h)


一般用时间状语来表示





not



until


直到…才。表示动作在某时之前尚未开始,直到此时动作才开始。

< p>
not



until


可以 用


after



when


来代替,但主句谓语动词要用肯定形式。


Until


为连词


时后接时间状语从句,


until


作介词时,后面接表示时间的名词。


Until


用于肯定句 多


表示动作或状态一直延续到


until


所表示的时间为止,意思为“直到…”


from..till


…中


till


往往表示不太具体的时间。

From



to


…或

< p>
from



until


常 用来表示具体的时间。





find it



to do



it


在此句中为形式宾语代表动词不定式,动 词不定式为真正的宾


语,常用于这种用法的动词有


find, feel, think, make


等。





“疑问词


+


不定式“结构相当于一个名词性从句,常常可用同等成分的从句代替。改写

< p>
时,只需在疑问词后面加一个适当的主语


(


这个主 语一般与主句的主语一致


)


,并将不定


式改成适当形式的谓语即可。如,


Where to go is still a question.= Where we


should go is still a question.





when



while:when< /p>


连接的状语从句是个特殊句型,“前一个分句


(

< br>谓语动词用过去


进行时


)+when(

< br>作并列连词,意思为“这时,突然”


)+


后一个分句


(


谓语动词用一般过去


< br>)


”表示在前一个动作正在进行的过程中突然发生了后一个动作,


when


强调动作的突




然性,


when


后面的动词为非延续性 动词


;while


表示“在…


.


过程中”,强调在一段时间


内,所以


whil e


引导的从句中的谓语动词必须为延续性动词。在状语从句中,若从句放


在句首时,应用逗号与主句隔开。





感叹句的构成:


What +a/a n+


形容词


+


单数名词


+


主语


+


谓语


!What a good book it


is!





What+


形容词


+


复数可数名词


+

< p>
主语


+


谓语


!What easy questions they are!





What+


形容词

< br>+


不可数名词


+


主语

< p>
+


谓语


!What cold weather it is!




< br>How+


形容词


+


主语


+be


动词


!How nice the watch is!





How +


副词


+

主语


+


谓语


!How hard they are working!





place, happen


“发生”:


take place


指“发生事先计划或预想到的事物”


;happen



“一切客观事情或情况的偶然或未能预见地发生”。两者都是不及物动词或短语,后面不


能跟宾语,也不能用于被动语态


;happen


的意义很广泛,而


take place


仅用于历史 上


的事件,集会等,是先行布置而后发生或举行的事件,它不用于地震等自然界的现象。





happen to do


巧遇


sth happens to sb


某人遭遇某事





9.


不定代词


all, both, each,every



not


连用时 ,只表示部分否定,在否定句中



and


连接两个宾语,表语,定语,状语时,只表示部分否定,并且否定


and

< p>
后面的部



;


如用


or


连接句中两个部分,则表示全部否定。如,


She isn



t a bright and


beautiful girl.


她并不是一个既聪明又漂亮的 女孩。


(


部分否定


) She isn



t a bright


or beautiful girl.


她是一个既不聪明又不漂亮的女孩。

< br>(


全部否定


)








四、重点练习





一、按要求改写句子,每空一词





1



I made a model house, She helped me.(


合并成一句


)





2



Which do you prefer, the big one or the small one(


保持原句意思


)





3



There is a lot of traffic on the street.(


改为否定句


)





4



The nearest shopping center is only 800 meters away.(

就划线部分提



)





5



Don



t eat or drink in the classroom.(


保持原句意思


)





6



This sign tells us to turn left.(


就划线部分提问


)





7



At school we have rules to keep us safe.(


就划线部分提问


)





8



Let



s go to see the film. (


就划线部分提问


)





9



I go to the Children



s Place once a week. (


就划线部分提问


)





10



The MP4 player cost 600 yuan.(


对划线部分提问


)





11



The flowers over there look nice.(


改为反问疑问句


)





12



We often take the underground to go to school.(


划线提问


)





13



Do you live in the city Do you live in the countryside(


合并成一句


)







14



We are going to see a film this Monday.(


就划线部分提问


)





15



If you want to stay healthy, you should go to bed early. (


保持原


句意思


)





16



Of all the sports I like football best. (


保持原句意思


)





17



Sam does a lot of homework every evening. (


改为否定句


)





18



Your father has been to Hongkong. (


改为反问疑问句


)





19



These hot dogs cost eleven yuan. (


就划线部分提问


)





20


、< /p>


I



m selling American food. (


就划线部分提问


)





21



My father is a good cook. (


保持原句意思


)





22



I think she is right. (


改为否定句


)





23



His father never goes to work late. (


改为反问疑问句


)





24



We shall have some fruit.(


改为一般疑问句


)





25


、< /p>


I



d like a piece of pizza. (


改为一般疑问句


)





26



Jack may need to buy some chicken wings. (


就划线部分提问


)





27


、< /p>


There



s much milk in the glass. (


改为否定句


)





milk in the glass.







28



This is my watch. (


保持原句意思


)



29



I need to interview Mr. Wang for my project. (


就划线部分提问


)





30



We freeze the meat because it will be fresh for a long time. (



划线部分提问


)




31



I t



s twenty minutes



walk from my home to our school. (


就划线部分提


< p>
)






32



Le t



s take a picture in front of the building. (


改为反问疑问句


)







33



How do you like the book



Harry Potter



(


保持原句意思


)






34



I liked oranges better than apples. (


保持原句意思


)





35



I like watching sports news best. (


就划线部分提问


)





36



Tom has read some fables in the holidays. (


改为否定句


)






37



He left Shanghai the day before yesterday.(


改为现在 完成时


)






38



I< /p>



m leaving for New York this coming Wednesday. (


就划线部分提问


)







39



His father never goes to work late. (


改为反问疑问句


)





40



We have two English lessons on Friday morning. (


改为否定句


)





41



Are you ready for the coming test (


保持原句意思


)







42



I



m going on a trip to Beijing with my parents in the summer


holidays. (


就划线部分提问


)





43



The man is good at singing. (


保持原句意思


)





44



He can hardly believe that maglev runs so fast. (


改为反问疑问句


)





45



He doesn



t like winter. Neither does his sister.(


合并成一句


)





用所给单词的适当形式填空





Don



t make so much_________(noisy)! My father is writing.





Some_____________(Australia) like to camp in the coutryside at


weekend.





It



s very _________(relax) to listen to de songs.





It



s very________(pleased) to meet you.





City life is very _________(difference) form the country life.





We must not ride bicycles here. It



s a ________(warn) sign.





Why don



t we go _______(camp) this weekend





It is a _______(use) information for me,I think.





A:What does this sign ______(meaning)





B:We mustn



t eat or drink here.







10



Can you make your life more____________(enjoy)





11



I like living in the suburbs. It



s quiet and _______.(peace)





12



People have their own way of _________.(relex)





13



My uncle Jack likes _______in the suburbs.(live)





14



My computer is doesn't work now.(break)





15



He used to __________when he was young.(smoking)





16



Do you read newspaper _________(regular)



17



The film called



Computer War



is veay ________.(excited)





18



Do n



t fall ________ in class,Sam.(sleep)





19



Le t



s buy some food and ________ for the party.(drink)





20



If you use your own head, maybe you will make_______mistakes.(few)





21



Children, __________ l want to show you a wonderful picture.(first)





22



Shanghai is an _________city,isn



t it(national)





23



Mrs Brown likes to take care of _______cats and dogs.(home)





24



I felt very _______after the hard work.(tire)







25



________, I am going to read several books during the holiday.


(second)





26



________,I am going to have a trip with my friends during the


festival.(third)





27



We had a _______ birthday party for my brother at bother at home


last Sunday.(surprised)





28



What ______ it is to have the party!(fun)





29



Jack was very ________ with the birthday present. (prease)





30



David is a friandly man , _________in the town knows him.(every)





31



I look forword to _________ the film.(see)





32



She got the _________fish form the shop. (freeze)





33



Please stir the _______ with a spoon.(mix)





34



My father owns a big _________boat. He is a fisherman.(fish)





35



Le t



s study the ________lesson now. (four)





36



If you want to stay healthy, you should exercise__________.(regular)





37



We are going to go on an _________ this weekend.(out)





38



If you want to be __________,you must eat less junk food.(healthy)



-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-



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