-
八年级
(
下
)
Units 3
—
4
中考基础知识梳理
类别
课标考点要求
1.
< br>lend(
v
.)
→
__lent__(
过去式
/
过去分词
)
借给;借出
→
__borrow__(
反义词
)
借;借用★
2
.
independent(
adj
.)
→
__independence__(
p>
n
.)
独立
p>
3
.
develop(
v
.)
→
__developme
nt__(
n
.)
发展;发育;成长★
→
__developing__(
adj
.)
发展中的
< br>
→
__developed__(
adj
.)
发达的;成熟的;先进的
4
.
fair(
< br>adj
.)
→
__fairne
ss__(
n
.)
公平性;合理性
p>
→
__unfair__(
反义词
)
不合理的;不公正的★
5
.
ill(
< br>adj
.)
→
__illnes
s__(
n
.)
疾病;病★
6
.
communic
ate(
v
.)
→
__communication__(
n
.)
交流;沟通★
7
.
p>
proper(
adj
.)
→
__properly__(
adv
.)
正确地;恰当地
8.<
/p>
usual(
adj
.)
→
__unusual__(
反义词
< br>)
特别的;不寻常的★
→
p>
__usually__(
adv
.)
p>
通常地;寻常地★
9
.
fold(
v
.)
→
__unfold__(
反义词
< br>)
展开;打开
10
.
throw(
v
.)<
/p>
→
__threw__(
过去式
)
→
__thrown__(
过去分词
)
扔;掷
11
.
sweep(
v
.)
→
__swept__(
过去式
/
过去分词
)<
/p>
扫;打扫
12
.
cloud(
n
.)
→
__cloudy__(
adj
.)
多云的★
13
.
argue(
v
.)
p>
→
__argument__(
n
.)
辩论;争论
14
.
press(
v
.)
→
__pressure__(
n
.)
压力
15
.
push(
v
.)
→
__pull__(
反
义词
)
拉;拽
16
.
typical(
adj
p>
.)
→
__typically__(
p>
adv
.)
典型地
17
.
quick(
< br>adj
.)
→
__quickl
y__(
adv
.)
快地;迅速地★<
/p>
1.
倒垃圾
_
_take__out__the__rubbish__
2
.频繁;反复
__all__the__time__
3
p>
.一……就……
__as__soon__as__
4
.目的是;为了
__in__order__to
__
5
.依靠;信赖
__depen
d__on__
6
.照顾;处理
__
take__care__of__
7
.快速查看;浏览
p>
__look__through__
8
.重要的事
__big__deal__
9
< br>.成功地发展;解决
__work__out__
10
.
和睦相处;关系良好
__get__on__with__
11
.删除;删去
__cut__ou
t__
12
.比较;对比
__
compare…with
__
13
.依……看
__in__one's__opinion__
14
.过来;顺便拜访
__come__ov
er__
15
.浪费时间
__a__waste__of__time__
16
.生某人的气
__be__angry__with__sb.__
17
.和某人打架
__have__a__fight__with__sb.__
1.
(
请求帮助)“你能扫一下地吗?”“好的,当然可以。”
—
__Could__you__please__
sweep the floor?
—
Yes
,
__sure__.
2
.
(
请求他人的允许)“我可以用
你的电
脑吗?”“对不起,我现在要用。”
—
__Could__I__use__your
computer?
—
__Sorry__
< br>.
I'm going to work on it now.
3
.他们应该将时间花在学业上,为的是取得好成绩并考上好大学。
They should spend their time on
schoolwork
__in__order__to__get__good__grades__
and __get__into__ a good
1 /
10
文档可自由编辑打印
词
汇
攻
关
短
语
归
纳
句
型
再
现
(
含
情
景
交
际
)
university.
4
p>
.同时,当他们长大后,他们将不得不做家务,所以他们现在没必要做家务。
Also
,
when
they get older
,
they will
have to do housework so
__there__is__no
__need__for__them__to__do__it__ now.
5<
/p>
.反正我认为做家务不是很难。我并不介意做家务。
And anyway
,
I
think __doing__chores__ is not so difficult.I
__do__not__mind__doing__ them.
< br>6.
昨天我发现我的妹妹在翻阅我的东西。
I found my sister __looking__through__
my things yesterday.
7
.相反,他想
看什么就看什么,一直看到深夜。
Instead he
watches __whatever__he__wants__ until late at
night.
8
.孩子们越早学会独立,对他们的未来就越好
。
__The__earlier__ kids
learn to be
independent
,
__the__better__
it is for
their future.
9
.人们不该把自己的孩子逼得太紧。
People __shouldn't__push__ their kids
so hard.
10
.并且他们总是把他们和其他孩子作比
较。
And they
__are__alw
ays__comparing__ them with
other children.
11
.他们中有很多人在学
习应试的技巧以便能考入一所好高中,随后进入一所好大
学。
Many of them are learning
exam skills __so__that__they can get into a
good high school and later a good
university.
12.
我的问题就是我不能很好地和
家人相处。
My problem
is __that__I__can't__get__on__with__my__family__.
13.
虽然她做得不对,但也没什么了不起的。
__Although__she's
wrong
,
it's not a
__big__deal__.
14.
你最好的朋友不再信任你了。
Your best friend does
__not__trust you __anymore__.
1.
情态动词
could
用于表示请求与允许
(
详见第二编
P120)
2.
连词
until
,
so that
,
although(
详见第二编
P110
~
111
)
Unit 3
Chores and
permission(
家务和许可
)
Unit 4
Interpersonal
communication(
人际沟通
)
如何与他人相处:
1.
No one can live without
keeping in touch with
it's
important to learn
how to
get on well with
others.
2.
We should
be
kind and friendly
to
others
,
and then we can make
more friends.
3.
If we are
free
,
we can do some
volunteer work to help our
neighbors.
对人际沟通中存在的问题给出建议:
1.
Don't be afraid of making
mistakes because no one is perfect.
2.
You'd better talk with
your parents or teachers so that they
can help you.
3.
Try to listen more
carefully and think of better ways to
understand your parents.
贵阳中考重难点突破
语法
话题
素
材
包
neither
的用法
(
教材八下
P19)
【满分点拨】
词性
含义
代
两
者
p>
都
用法
作主语,谓语动词常用单数
2 /
10
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例句
Neither is
right.
两个都不对。
词
不
(
p>
表示
全
部
否
定
)
两者
都不
常与
o
f
连用,
neither of
+名词
复
数
/
代词复数
(
此结构用作主语时,
谓语用单数或复数都可以
)
用在单数名词之前
(
用
作主语时,谓
语用单数
)
表达前面所
说的
(
否定
)
情况也适用
于另外一个人,
常构成倒
装句:
Neither
+系动词
/
p>
助动词
/
情态动词+主语
< br>(
此句型时
态与前一句时态要保持一致
< br>)
Neither of them was/were in
good health
,
but
both of them
worked very hard.
他们两个人身
体都不好,但工作都非常努力。
Neither book is my favorite.
两
本书都不是我最喜欢的。
Jeff
wasn't at school and
neither was
Ben.
杰夫不在学校,
本也不在。
—
He doesn't go to school by
bike.
他不骑自行车上学。
—
Neither do
I
.我也不骑。
限
定
词
副
词
……也
不
【归纳拓展】
neither
…
nor
…用作连词,意为“既不……也不…
…”,连接两个并列成分表示否定;反义短语为
both…and…,意为“两者都……
”。连接主语时,谓语动词一般遵循“就近原则”。如:
Their house is neither big nor
small.
他们的房子不大也不小。
Neither you nor I am
right.
你和我都不对。
( B )
1.
(
新信息题
)
—
I don't
like the movie
Hello
,
Mrs
.
Money
(
p>
《李茶的姑妈》
)
.
—
______ do I.
A
.
So
B
.
Neither
C
.
Also
( C )
2.
Neither
you nor he ______ Hawaii before.
A
.
has gone to
B
.
have been to
C
.
has been to
( C )
3.
(
xx
达州中考改编
)
—
Why don't you get used to the life in Beijing?
—
______ the crowded
traffic ______ the high living only reason is the
badly polluted
air.
A
.
Either
;
or B
.
Both
;
and
C
.
Neither
;
nor
辨析
p>
borrow
,
lend
< br>与
keep
(
教材八下
P20)
【满分点拨】
词汇
borrow
含义
借进
用法
说话人向别人借东西供自己用,
常
用于
borrow
sb.
结构
中,为终止性动词
说话人把自己的东西借给别人用,
常用于
le
nd sb.
或
lend
.
结构中,为终止性动词
用于表示借用的时间长度,可以和
表示时间段的时间状语及
how
long
等连用,为延续性动词,可
用于现在完成时
例句
—
Can I borrow this
book
?我可
以借这本书吗?
p>
—
Yes
,
but
you mustn't lend it
to others.
可以,但你不许借给别
人。
—
How long may I keep this
book
?这本书我可以借多长时间?
—
Two
weeks.
两周。
lend
借出
keep
保存;
保留
borrow
,
lend
,
keep
1
.—
Can I
__borr
ow__ your dictionary?
3 / 10
文档可自由编辑打印
—
Of
course
,
but please remember
that you can't __lend__ it to others.
2
.
I borrowed
Tom's car 2 days ago
,
and he
told me I could __keep__ it for a week.
3
.
(
xx<
/p>
黔东南中考
)I borrowed an English
book from my
classmate.(
改为同义句
)
My classmate__lent__ an English book
__to__ me.
辨析
pro
vide
,
give
与
offer
(
教材八下
P2
2
,
P27)
【满分点拨】
单词
provide
give
offer
含义
指有远见,为应付意外、紧急情
况
等做好充分准备而“供给、提供”
多指一般性的“给;给予”
侧重表示“愿意给予”,强调主动
提供
用法
provide
sb.
=
provide
sth.
give sb.
=
give .
offer sb.
=
offer
.
He
offered me a
job.
他
提供给我一份工作。
They provided us with a
car.
他们给我们提供了一辆车。
I gave a nice present to my mother on
Mother's
Day.
在母亲节那天,我送给妈妈了一份精美的礼物。
【温馨提示】
若
offer
所接的直接宾语和间接宾语都为代词时,只能用
offer sth.(
代词
) to sb.(
代词
)
。
( B )
1.
(
2019
预测
)The new
supermarket______ local people with more chances
to work.
A
.
gives
B
.
provides
C
.
offers
( A )
2.
(
< br>xx
深圳中考
)
—
Jack ______ to help at the underground
station on Saturdays.
—
Cool<
/p>
!
Let's join him next
Saturday.
A
.
offers
B
.
refuses
C
.
forgets
( B
)
3.
I ______ a football to my
brother as his birthday present.
A
.
bought
B
.
gave
C
.
provided
allow
的用法
(
教材八下
P25)
【满分点拨】
His parents won't allow him to stay out
late.
他的父母不会允许他在外待到很晚。
He is not allowed to watch TV too
late.
他不可以看电视到很晚。
We don't allow smoking in the
hall.
我们不允许在大厅内吸烟。
( C )(
xx
< br>重庆中考
B
卷改编
)Their
parents don't allow them ______ in the river
because it's
really dangerous.
A
.
swim
B
.
swam
C
.
to sw
im
as soon
a
s
的用法
(
教材八下
P19)
4 / 10
文档可自由编辑打印
【满分点拨】
(1)as soon
as
意为“一……就……”,引导时间状语从句,如果主句是一般将来时,从句要用一般
现在时
表示将来。有同样用法的时间状语从句连词还有
the
minute/the moment
等。如:
I'll tell you as soon as/the
minute/the moment he gets
there.
他一到那里,我就告诉你。
(2)as soon as
possible
=
as soon as one
can/could
,意为“尽可能快地”。
( A
)
1.
—
When shall we
begin our trip?
—
We'll set
out ______ our headteacher arrives.
A
.
as soon as
B
.
ever since
C
.
so that
( A )
p>
2.
(
xx
北部湾
中考改编
)As soon as she ______ in
Nanning
,
she will call you.
A
.
arrives
B
.
arrive
C
.
arrived
Peter
,
could you
please take out the rubbish
?彼得,请你把垃圾倒掉好
吗?
(
教材八下
P17)
【满分点拨】
句式
Could(Can/Would/Will)you please do
sth.
?表示请求或征求意见
(
相当于
Please
do sth.)
Could you please not do sth.
?常表示委
婉批评或建议
(
相当于
p>
Don't do sth.)
Could I do
…?表示请求许可
(
相当于
May
I…?
)
常见答语
肯定:
Yes
,
sure./Certainly./Of
course./With pleasure./No problem.
否定:
Sorry
< br>,
I can't.I have to
…/I'm
afraid not.
Sorry
,
I won't do
that again.
肯定:
Sure./Yes
,
you can.
否定:
Sorry
,
but you
can't/you'd
better
not./No
,
you can't.
( A
)
—
I have to go you please
order a taxi for me?
—
______
!
A
.
My pleasure
B
.
You
are kidding
C
.
Good idea
The earlier kids learn to
be independent
,
the better it
is for their future.
孩子们越
早学会独
立,对他们的未来就越好。
(
教材八下
P22)
【满分点拨】
这个句子是比较级的一个重点句型:
the
< br>+比较级……,
the
+比较级……,意为“越……,越
……”。如:
The more you
pay
,
the more you will
gain.
付出越多,收获越多。
( C )
1.
The harder
you work
,
______ you'll be.
A
.
luck
B
.
luckier
C
.
the luckier
( A
)
2.
(
xx
齐齐哈尔中考
)Miss Brown tells us to remember
that______ careful we
are
,
______
mistakes we will make.
A
.
the
more
;
the fewer
B
.
the
fewer
;
the more
C
.
the
more
;
the less
5 /
10
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