-
The largest and most ambitious military
expedition in history was the
invasion
of Normandy in northern France by British,
[00:25.39]American and Canadian forces
that took place in the summer of
nature played a role.
[00:34.56]It took
more than a year for military planners to
orchestrate
every movement of
troops,artillery,ships and aircraft
[00:43.21]and to set everything in
place for the move that was to open
up
a second front in Europe.
[00:50.16]This would liberate France
and open the way for the final
assault
on Germany itself.
[00:56.92]Everything
was controlled;right down to the placement of
military decoys across the English
Channel
[01:04.03]to fool the Germans
into thinking the attack would come from
Britain's closest point to France at
Pas de Calais
[01:12.39]rather than in
Normandy as planned.
[01:15.99]Everything was
controlled,that is,except the weather.
[01:20.46]D-Day,the
code
name
given
to
the
day
of
invasion,was
originally
scheduled for5 June 1944.
[01:29.00]This date had been arrived at
by considering two
factors-moonlight
and tide.
[01:35.58]The
hour
of
the
invasion
would
need
to
be
near
sunrise,when
the
seaborne tropps would have a rising
tide.
[01:42.84]This
would
enable
them
to
land
close
to
the
obstacles
that
had
been
placed to hinder their landing
[01:49.48]without coming ashore on top
of paratroopers needed
a full moon for
visibility.
[01:56.98]The
days
with
the
proper
tide-moonlight
formula
closest
to
the
target
date were5,6and7June.
[02:05.68](1)The
fifth was chosen for D-Day to allow a safety
margin in
case the attack needed to be
postponed.
在历史上最大的和最雄心勃勃的军事远征是由英国在法国北部的
诺曼底登陆，
[ ]
美国和加拿大军
队
00:25.39
，发生在
1944
的夏天。甚至自然发挥了作用。
【
00:34.56 ]
花了一年多的
编排每个动作的部队，炮兵军事规划者，船舶和飞机
【
00:43.21
]
和到位的举措都是在欧洲开辟第二战场。
【
00:50.16
]
这将解放法国，开辟道路，最终攻击德国本土。
【
00:56.92
]
一切控制；到军事诱饵在英语频道的位置
【
01:04.03
]
迷惑德国人认为进攻将从英法最接近处的加来海峡
【
01:12.39
]
而不是计划中的诺曼底。
【
01:15.99
]
一切是可控的，就是说，除了天气。
【
01:20.46 ]
诺曼底登陆，
给入侵的天代号，原定为六月
1944
。
【
01:29.00
]
这个日期已经到了考虑两个因素月光和潮汐。
【
01:35.58 ]
入侵的时间必
须在接近日出时，海运
tropps
会涨潮。
< br>
【
01:42.84
]
这将使他们附近的土地已被放置到阻碍登陆的障碍
【
01:49.48
]
没有在顶部他们上岸。空降兵需要能见度满月。
【
01:56.98 ]
用适当的潮汐
月光公式接近目标日期
were5,6and7june
天。<
/p>
【
02:05.68
]
（
1
）第五被选为登陆允许
情况下需要推迟进攻的一种安全边际。
[02:14.40]In addition to moonlight and
favourable tides,calm seas were
needed
for the crossing.
[02:20.80](2)But
an
unusually
stormy
transition
from
spring
woward
summer
that year held out little hope
[02:28.24]that there would be a
suitable break in the weather .It also
meant the possiblity that Operation
Overlord,
[02:36.79]as the invasion was
called,might have to be postponed until
later in the year or even the following
year.
[02:45.07]With the arrival of
5June,the weather was so bad that General
Eisenhower,supreme commander of the
invasion forces,
[02:54.18]was
forced
to
postpone
the
invasion
by
one
he
met
with
his staff to review
their options,
[03:02.20]they were
faced with the grim reality that 6June did not
look
much better than the original
D-Day.
[03:09.83]
The
meteorological report gave a thin ray of hope that
a lull
in the storm would allow enough
time to launch the invasion.
In
addition
to
月光和有利的潮汐，平静的海洋是
needed for
the
电讯。
[ 2 ]
（
2
）
目的：
总共花了你
20.8
年春夏季暴风雨从
woward
出奇的过渡年举行了一点希望。
[ 2 ]
：
28.24 that
there would be a break in the
weather
适合
also meant that the
possiblity
。
它操作的霸主，
[ 02
：
36.79 ] as
the
入侵
was
called
，
might have to be
postponed
直到
later in the
year or eventhe
following
年。
[
02
：
45.07 ] with the arrival
of 5june
，天气很坏，总艾森豪威尔，最高指挥官
of
the
入侵
部队
[ ] was forced to
02
：
54.18 postpone the
入侵
by
一天。当他把他的
s
taff to review
their
与
选择
02.20 ] [ 03
：
They
were faced with
the
严峻的现实，
6june did not much<
/p>
比原始面貌的
D
日。
[
03
：
09.83
]
the
气象报告给薄雷
of
Hope
that
a
平静
in the
风暴会允许足够<
/p>
的时间来发射的入侵。
[03:18.77]Consulations went on late
into the night on whether to press
ns
were y,Eisenhower made his decision
[03:29.61]
like it,but there
it is.
[03:36.50]I
don't
see
how
we
can
do
anything
else.
hours,an
armada
of 3,000landing
craft,2,500other ships,
[03:47.13]and500 naval vessels began to
leave English ports.
[03:52.46]
Meanwhile,critical
errors by the German side allowed them to
be taken completely by surprise.
[03:59.73]Due to the bad weather,the
German navy cancelled its usual
patrol
of the English Channel.
[04:05.52]Also,a practice drill
scheduled for June6 was called off.
[04:11.43]The German meteorological
services were unaware of the break
in
the weather.
[04:17.23]On the eve of
the attack,many of the top German leaders were
absent from their
[04:25.25]the general in charge of the
coastal defences,was in Germany
visiting his wife on her birthday,
协商继续到深夜是否向前。意见是有分歧的。最后，艾森豪威尔做出了决定
【
03:29.61
]“
我相信我们必须给订单，
”
他说。
“
我不喜欢它，但它是。
【
03:36.50 ]
我不知道我们
能做什么。
”
在几个小时内，飞船舰队的
3000landing
2500other
，
船舶，
[ ]
和
500
03:47.13
舰艇开始离开英国港口。
【
03:52.46
]
同时，由德国方面重大失误使他们被打得措手不及。
【
03:59.73
]
由于天气恶劣，德国海军取消了常规巡逻的英语频道。
【
04:05.52 ]
也，定于
june6
一演习被取消了。
【
04:11.43
】德国气象服务不知道天气的
休息。
【
04:17.23
]
进攻前夜，许多德国高层领导人缺席隆美尔他们的命令。
【
04:25.25
]
负责海防的将军，在德国访问他的妻子的生日，
[04:32.33]and several officers were
some distance away in Rennes or on
their way there for a war-game
exercise.
[04:41.18]The assault on
Normandy began at 12:15 a.m.,
[04:46.28]when the pathfinders for the
American airborne airborne units
letf
their planes and parachuted to earth.
[04:53.64]Five minutes later,on the
other side of the invasion area,the
British pathfinders made their jump.
[05:01.53]The
pathfinders
were
specially
trained
to
find
and
mark
the
drop
zones.
[05:07.70]The main airborne assault was
to commence within the hour.
[05:12.87]The
airborne
attack
became
confused
because
of
stiff
winds
and
the evasive flying of
the transport planes
[05:21.38]
when they
encountered anti-aircraft fire.
[05:25.41]As a result,the paratroopers
were scattered over a wide area
and
most missed their drop zones,
[05:33.48]some by as much as
complications were caused by
the
terrain,and the worst terrain was on the
CotentinPeninsula
[05:44.76]The Germans
had laced the open fields with anti-personnel and
glider stakes and flooded the low
areas.
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