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建行【英语部分】标准卷
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2
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< br>
Parti :
You're busy filling out the application
form for a pos
让
ion you
really need. Let's assume
you
once
actually
completed
a
couple
of
years
of
college
work
or
even
that
you
completed
your
degree.
Isn't
it
tempting
to
lie
just
a
little,
to
claim
on
the
form
that
your
diploma
represents
a
Harvard
degree?
Or
that
you
finished
an
extra
couple
of
years
back
at
State
University? More and more people are
turning to utter deception like this to land their
job or
to
move
ahead
in
their
careers,
for
personnel
officers,
like
most
Americans,
value
degrees
from
famous
schools.
A
job
applicant
may
have
a
good
education
anyway,
but
he
or
she
assumes that chances of
being hired are better with a diploma from a well-
known university.
Registrars
at most well-known colleges say they deal with
deceitful claims
like these at the rate
of about one per week. Personnel officers do check
up on degrees listed
on application
forms, then. If it turns out that an applicant is
lying, most colleges are reluctant
to
accuse
the
applicant
directly.
One
Ivy
League
school
calls
them
（躺
了厂；
another refers to them as
H
special
cases
most delicate phrase of all. says
that these claims are made by
M
no such
people
11
. To avoid
outright
（
彻底
勺
）
lies,
some
job-
seekers
claim
that
they
means
being
dismissed
M
11
after
one
semester
?
It
may
be
that
being
associated
with
a
college
means
that
the
job-
seeker visited his
younger brother for a football weekend. One school
that keeps records of
false claims says
that the practice elates back at least to the turn
of the century
—
that's when
they began keeping records, anyhow. If
you don't want to lie or even stretch the truth,
there
are companies that will sell you
a phony diploma. One company, with offices in New
York and
on the West Coast, will put
your name on a diploma from any number of
nonexistent colleges
?
The price begins at around twenty
dollars for a diploma f
rom
prices
increase
rapidly
for
a
degree
from
the
of
Purdue
11
.
As
there
is
no
Smoot
State
and
the
real
school
in
Indiana
is
properly
called
Purdue
University,
the
prices
seem
rather high for one sheet of paper.
The main idea of this passage is that
__________ .
[A]
employers are checking more closely on
applicants now
[B]
lying about college degrees has become
a widespread problem
[C]
college degrees can now be purchased
easily
[D]
employers are no longer interested in
college degrees
Accordi
ng to
the passage, ^special cases” refers to cases
that
___________
?
[A]
students
attend a school only part-time
[B]
students
never attended a school they listed on their
application
[C]
students purchase false degrees from
commercial firms
[D]
students attended a famous school
We can infer from the passage that
_
_________ .
LA]
performance is a better judge of ability than a
college degree
[B]
experience is the best teacher
LCJ past work histories influence
personnel officers more than degrees do
IDJ a degree from a famous school
enables an applicant to gain advantage over others
in job
competition
This
passage implies that
__________
.
[A]
buying a false degree is not moral
[B]
personnel
officers only consider applicants from famous
schools
[C]
most
people lie on applications because they were
dismissed from school
[D]
society should be greatly responsible
for lying on applications
The word
?
2) means
___________
?
[A]
thorough [B]
ultimate [C] false [D] decisive
Part2 :
Material
culture
refers
to
what
can
be
seen,
held,
felt,
used
—
what
a
culture
produces.
Examining a
cultured tools and technology can tell us about
the group's history and way of life.
Similarly,
research
into
the
material
culture
of
music
can
help
us
to
understand
the
music
culture.
The
most
vivid
body
of
material
culture
in
it,
of
course,
is
musical
instruments.
We
cannot hear for ourselves
the actual sound of any musical performance before
the 1870s when
the phonograph was
invented, so we rely on instruments for important
information about music
cultures
in
the
remote
past
and
their
development.
Here
we
have
two
kinds
of
evidence-
instruments well
preserved and instruments pictured in art. Through
the study of instruments,
as
well
as
paintings,
written
documents,
and
so
on,
we
can
explore
the
movement
of
music
from the Near East to China over a
thousand years ago, or we can outline the spread
of Near
Eastern influence to Europe
that resulted in the development of most of the
instruments in the
symphony
orchestra.
Sheet
music
or
printed
music,
too.
is
material
culture.
Scholars
once
defined folk music cultures as those in
which people learn and sing music by ear rather
than
from
print,
but
research
shows
mutual
influence
among
oral
and
written
sources
during
the
past few centuries in
Europe, Britain, and America. Printed versions
limit variety because they
tend
to
standardize
any
song,
yet
they
stimulate
people
to
create
new
and
different
songs.
Besides,
the
ability
to
read
music
notation
has
a
far-reaching
effect
on
music
and,
when
it
becomes
widespread,
on
the
music
culture
as
a
whole.
One
more
important
part
of
music's
material
culture
should
be
singled
out-
the
influence
of
the
electronic
media
—
radio,
record
player,
tape
recorder,
television,
and
videocassette,
with
the
future
promising
talking
and
singing computers and
other developments. This is all part of the
r
a
twentieth-
century phenomenon as important as the industrial
revolution was in the
nineteenth
?
These
electronic
media
are
not
just
limited
to
modern
nations
；
they
have
affected
music
cultures
all
over
the
globe
?
Research
into
the
material
culture
of
a
nation
is
of
great
importance because ____________________
_______________________________________________
?
[A]
it helps produce new cultural tools and
technology LBJ it can reflect the development of
the nation LCJ it helps understand the
nation's past and present IDJ it can demonstrate
the
nation's civilization
2.
It can be
learned from this passage that
_
_________
?
LAJ the
existence of the symphony was attributed to the
spread of Near Eastern and Chinese
music LBJ Near Eastern music had an
influence on the development of the instruments in
the
symphony orchestra
[C]
the
development of the symphony shows the mutual
influence of Eastern and Western
music
[D] the musical instruments in the symphony
orchestra were developed on the basis of
Near Eastern music
3.
_________________________
______________________________________
A
ccording to the
author, music notation is important
because _____________________________ .
[A]
it has a
great effect on the music culture as more and more
people are able to read it
[B]
it tends to
standardize folk songs when it is used by folk
musicians
[C]
it
is the printed version of standardized folk music
[D]
it encourages
people to popularize printed versions of songs
4 It can be concluded from the passage
that the introduction of electronic media into the
world
of music _______________
.
[A]
has brought about an information
revolution
[B]
has speeded up the appearance of a new
generation of computers
[C]
has given rise to new forms of music
culture
[D]
has
led to the transformation of traditional musical
instruments
5
?
Which of the following best summarizes the main
idea of the passage?
[A]
Musical
instruments
developed
through
the
years
will
sooner
or
later
be
replaced
by
computers
?
LBJ
Music cannot be passed on to future generations
unless it is recorded.
[C]
Folk songs cannot be spread far unless
they are printed on music sheets.
[D]
The
development of music culture is highly dependent
on its material aspect
Part3 :
Baekeland and Hartmann report that the
a
short sleepers
in
their
sleep
needs
until
the
men
were
in
their
teens
?
But
at
about
age
15
or
so,
the
men
voluntarily
began
cutting
down
their
nightly
sleep
time
because
of
pressures
from
school,
work, and other
activities. These men tended to view their nightly
periods of unconsciousness
as
bothersome interruptions in their daily routines.
In general, these
u
short
sleeps
ambitious, active, energetic,
cheerful, conformistC
动摇）
in
their opinions, and very sure about
their career
choices
?
They often held
several jobs at once, or workers full-or part-time
while
going
to
school.
And
many
of
them
had
a
strong
urge
to
appear
Formal”
or
“acceptable”
to
their
friends
and
associates.
When
asked
to
recall
their
dreams,
the
u
short
sleepers^
did
poorly. More than this,
they seemed to prefer not remembering. In similar
fashion, their usual
way of dealing
with psychological problems was to deny that the
problem existed, and then to
keep
busy
in
the
hope
that
the
trouble
would
go
away.
The
sleep
patterns
of
the
u
short
sleepers^
were
similar
to,
but
less
extreme
than,
sleep
patterns
shown
by
many
mental
u
patients
categorized
as
ma
nic
（
疯
人
）
.
The
long
sleepers^
were
quite
different
indeed
?
Baekeland and Hartmann report that
these young men had been lengthy sleeps since
childhood.
They
seemed
to
enjoy
their
sleep,
protected
it,
and
were
quite
concerned
when
they
were
occasionally deprived of their desired
9 hours of nightly bed rest. They tended to recall
their
u
n
a
< br>n
dreams much better than did the
short sleepers.
Many
of
the
long
sleepers
were
shy,
anxious,
introverted
（内向）■
inhibited
（压抑）
.
passive,
mildly depressed, and unsure of themselves
（
particularly in social
situations
）
. Several openly
states that sleep was an escape from their
daily problems
?
According to the
repor
仁
_____
?
many short
sleepers need less sleep by nature
B)
many short
sleepers are obliged to reduce their nightly sleep
time because they are busy
with their
work
C)
long
sleepers sleep a longer period of time during the
day
D)
many long
sleepers preserve their sleeping habit formed
during their childhood
Many
u
short sleepers^ are likely
to hold the view that
_________ .
A)
sleep is a
withdrawal from the reality
B)
sleep
interferes with their sound judgement
C)
sleep is the
least expensive item on their routine program
D)
sleep is the
best way to deal with psychological troubles
It is stated in the third paragraph
that short sleepers
________
?
are ideally
vigorous even under the pressures of life
B)
often neglect
the conscquences of inadequate sleep
C)
do not know
how to relax properly
D)
are more unlikely to run into mental
problems
When sometimes they cannot
enjoy adequate sleep, the long sleepers might
_______
?
appear
disturbed B) become energetic C) feel dissatisfied
D) be extremely depressed
Which of the
following is Not included in the passage?
If one sleeps inadequately, his
performance suffers and his memory is weakened
B)
The sleep
patterns of short sleepers are exactly the sane as
those shown by many mental
patients C)
Long and short sleepers cHffer in their attitudes
towards sleep D) Short sleepers
would
be better off with more rest
Part4 :
Upon
reaching
an
appropriate
age
(usually
between
18
and
21
years),
children
are
encouraged, but not
forced, to
u
leave the nest”
and begin an independent life. After children
leave home they often find social
relationship and financial support outside the
family. Parents
do
not
arrange
marriages
for
their
children,
nor
do
children
usually
ask
permission
of
their
parents
to
get
married.
Romantic
love
is
most
often
the
basis
for
marriage
in
the
Un
让
ed
States
；
young
adults meet their future spouses (flCfK) through
other friends, at jobs, and in
organizations and religious
institutions. Although children choose their own
spouses, they still
hope
their
parents
will
approve
of
their
choices.
In
many
families,
parents
feel
that
children
should
make
major
hfe
decisions
by
themselves
?
A
parent
may
try
to
influence
a
child
to
follow
a
particular
profession
but
the
child
is
free
to
choose
another
career.
Sometimes
children
do
precisely
the
opposite
of
what
their
parents
wish
in
order
to
assert
their
independence. A son may deliberately
decide not to go into his father s business
because of a
fear that he will lose his
autonomy in his father's workplace. This
independence from parents
is
not
an
indication
that
parents
and
children
do
not
love
each
other
?
Strong
love
between
parents
and
children
is
universal
and
this
is
no
exception
in
the
American
family
Coexisting
with such love in
the American family are cultural values of self
一
reliance and
independence.
The
wHter
discusses
the
marriage
of
young
adults
in
order
to
show
which
of
the
following?
They enjoy the freedom of choosing
their spouses.
B)
They want to win the permission of
their parents
?
C)
They have a
strong desire to become independent.
D)
They want to
challenge the authority of their parents.
Most young adults in the U.S. get
married for the sake of ______
?
love B)
financial concern C) their parents D) family
background
Based on the passage, it can
be assumed that
_
________
.
American young adults are
likely to follow the suit of their parents
B)
most American
people never make major decisions for their
children
C)
American young adults possess cultural
values of independence
D)
once a young person steps into his
twenties, he will leave his home permanently
A son is unwilling to work in his
father's business mainly because ________
?
he wishes to
make full use of what he has learnt in school
B)
he wants to
prove his independence
C)
he wishes to do the opposite of what
his parents approve of
D)
he wants to show his love for his
parents
The subject matter of this
selection is
_
______ .
A)
family values
B) marriage arrangements C) the pursuit of a
career D) decision making
Part5 :
Now let us look at how we
read
?
When we read a printed
text, our eyes move across a
page in
short, jerky movement. We recognize words usually
when our eyes are still when they
fixate. Each time they fixate, we see a
group of words. This is known as the recognition
span
or the visual span. The length of
time ofr which the eyes stop
--------------------- the
duration of the fixation ---- varies
considerably from person to person .It also vaies
within
any
one
person
according
to
his
purpose
in
reading
and
his
familiarity
with
the
text.
Furthermore, it can be affected by such
factors as lighting and tiredness. Unfortunately,
in the
past, many reading improvement
courses have concentrated too much on how our eyes
move
across the printed page. As a
result of this misleading emphasis on the purely
visual aspects
of reading, numerous
exercises have been devised to train the eyes to
see more words at one
fixation. For
instance, in some exercises, words are flashed on
to a screen for, say, a tenth or
a
twentieth of a second. One of the exercises has
required students to fix their eyes on some
central point, taking in the words on
either side. Such word patterns are often
constructed in
the
shape
of
rather
steep
pyramids
so
the
reader
takes
in
more
and
more
words
at
each
successive
fixation.
All
these
exercises
are
very
clever,
but
it's
one
thing
to
improve
a
person's
ability
to
see
words
and
quite
another
thing
to
improve
his
ability
to
read
a
text
efficiently.
Reading
requires
the
ability
to
understand
the
relationship
between
words.
Consequently, for
these reasons, many experts have now begun to
question the usefulness of
eye
training, especially since any approach which
trains a person to read isolated words and
phrases would seem unlikely to help him
in reading a continuous text
The time
of the recognition span can be affected by the
following facts except
____________ .
one's familiarity with the text
B.
one's purpose
in reading
C.
the
length of a group of words
D.
lighting and
tiredness
The author may believe that
reading ________
?
requires a reader to take in more words
at each fixation
B.
requires a reader to see words more
quickly
C.
demands an deeply-participating mind
D.
demands more
mind than eyes
3 What does the author
mean by saying “but it's one thing to improve a
person's ability to see
words and quite
another thing to improve his ability to read a
text efficiently.
M
in the
second
parapraph? A. The
abil
让
y to see words is not
needed when an efficient reading is
conducted
?
B.
The
reading
exercises
mentioned
can't
help
to
improve
both
the
ability
to
see
and
to
comprehend
words.
C
?
The
reading exercises mentioned can't help to improve
an efficient reading
?
D
?
The reading
exercises mentioned has done a great job to
improve one's ability to see
words
?
Which of the
following is NOT true?
The visual span
is a word or a group of words we see each
time
?
E.
Many experts
began to question the efficiency of eye
training
?
C
?
The emphasis on the
purely visual aspects is
misleading
?
eye training
will help readers in reading a
continuous text.
The tune of
the author in writing this article is
_
__________
A critical B neutral C prssimistic D
optimistic
Part6 :
Our
quarrel with efficiency is not that it gets things
done, but that it is a thief of time
when it leaves us no leisure to enjoy
ourselves, and that it strains our nerves when we
try to
get
things
done
perfectly.
In
building
bridges,
American
engineers
calculate
so
finely
and
exactly
as
to
make
the
two
ends
come
together
within
one-tenth
of
an
inch
?
But
when
two
Chinese begin to dig a tunnel from both
sides of a mountain both come out on the other
side.
一一
The Chinese's firm
belief is that it doesn't matter so long as a
tunnel is dug through, and if
we
have
two
instead
of
one,
why,
we
have
a
double
track
to
boot.
The
pace
of
modern
industrial
life
forbids
this
kind
of
glorious
and
magnificent
idling.
But,
worse
than
that,
it
imposes
upon us a different conception of time as measured
by the clock and eventually turns
the
human
being
into
a
clock
himself.
(This
sort
of
thing
is
bound
to
come
to
China,
as
is
evident,
for
instance,
in
the
case
of
a
factory
of
twenty
thousand
worker.
The
luxurious
prospect of twenty thousand workers
coming in at their own sweet pleasure at all hours
is. of
course, somewhat
terrifying.)Nevertheless, such efficiency is what
makes life so hard and full
of
excitement. A man who has to be punctually at a
certain place at five o'clock has the whole
afternoon from one to five ruined for
him already. Every American adult is arranging his
time
on
the
pattern
of
the
schoolboy
-
three
o'clock
for
this,
five
o'clock
for
that,
six-thirty
for
change
of
dress,
six-fifty
for
entering
the
taxi,
and
seven
o'clock
for
arriving
at
the
destination. It just makes life not
worth living
?
The
writer objects to efficiency mainly on the grounds
that it
______ .
entitles us
to too much leisure time
B)
urges us to get things done punctually
C)
deprives us of
leisure time
D)
imposes on us a perfect concept of time
Tn the eyes of the author, the
introduction of industrial hfe gives rise to
_______
?
the excitement of life
B)
magnificent
idling of time
C)
more emphasis on efficiency
D)
terrifying
schoolboy
The passage tells us
____ .
Chinese workers come
to work when it is convenient
B)
all Americans
are forced to be efficient against their will
C)
Chinese
engineers are on better terms Eth the management
D)
Americans
ought not to work so hard for efficiency
The author believes that relaxing the
rule of punctuality in factories would lead to
________
?
great
confusion B) increased production C) a hard and
exciting life D) successful completion of
a tunnel
What is implied but
NOT stated by the author is that _______
?
every American
is arranging his time in the pattern of a
schoolboy
B)
every American is reluctant to be
efficient
C)
every one should have some time to
spend as he pleases
D)
being punctual is an undesirable habit
which should not be formed
Part7 :
Of the thousands of different kinds of
animals that exist in the world man has learned to
make
friends
h
an
enormous
number
?
Some
are
pets,
and
offer
him
companionship
；
some give protection, and some do hard
work which man cannot do for himself. Dogs, which
serve man in all three capacities, are
found in various breeds in all countries of the
world. The
Husky
can
live
in
the
cold
polar
regions,
and
the
Saluki
is
at
home
in
the
hottest
parts
of
Central Africa. The inhabitants of
certain countries are dependent for their very
lives on the
camel. In the West Indies
the httle donkey, strong and sure-footed, carrying
heavy loads even
in mountainous places,
is a familiar sight. Trained and tamed for many
generations, domestic
animals are not
accustomed to roaming
(
至
IJ
处走动
)
in
search of food and shelter. They look to
their masters to provide for their
needs, and as long as these are supplied, they are
content to
do what their masters
require. All domestic animals need proper food. It
must be suitable for
them, sufficient
in quantity, fresh and
clean
?
Some people feed a
pet dog or cat on odds and