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Unit 1 The Power of Language
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面短文，请从短文后所给各题的
4
个选项
(A
、
B
、
C
、
D)
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1
个最佳选项。
A
measure declaring English the national language is
under intense debate in the United States.
The
U.
S.
Senate
passed
two
declarations
last
week.
One
calls
English
the
nation's
official
language
and
the
other
says
it
is
the
“
common
and
unifying
tongue.
But
Americans
found
themselves divided on
the issue.
Since people
worldwide know that most Americans speak only
English, many can't understand
why the
issue is so controversial.
“
The discussion is related
to fears of immigration issues, says Dick Tucker,
a social scientist at
Pittsburgh's
Carnegie Mellon University.
“It’s
related to
a worry about the changing
demography
of the U. 's a worry about
who will continue to have political and economic
influence.
”
In
fact,
the
notion
of
protecting
the
language
has
been
kicked
around
almost
since
the
nation's founding. John Adams lobbied
in 1780 for the creation of a national academy to
correct
and
improve
the
English
language.
But
his
proposal
died,
since
lawmakers
saw
it
as
a
royalist
attempt to define personal behavior.
Since then, the country
hasn't had a national language, but the idea of
recognizing the special
status of
English lived on.
The emotions
surrounding language resurface not because people
feel comfortable with English.
It is
more about the discomfort many Americans feel with
the new languages, says Walt Wolfram,
a
professor at North Carolina State University.
''Language is never about
language,
According
to
the
2000 U.
S.
Census
Bureau
report,
of 209
million
Americans
over
18
years
old,172 million speak only English at
home. About 37 million speak languages other than
English.
Among them, 6.5 million speak
poor English and 3. 1 million don't speak English
at all.
are the two
declarations concerned with?
A. The status of the English language.
B. The protection of new languages.
C. The rights to speak one s mother
tongue. D. The improvement of the English
language.
suggested in the
18th century that English should be protected?
A. Walt Wolfram. B. John
Adams. C. Royalists. D. Dick Tucker.
of the following is the current debate
NOT related to?
A. The
immigration issues. B. The changing demography.
C. The worry about the new
languages. D. The U. S. 's military strength.
statement is true
according to the 2000 U. S. Census Bureau report?
A. 172 million Americans
speak only English in their workplaces.
B. 37 million Americans
speak English.
C. 209
million Americans are above the age of 18.
D. 6. 5 million Americans
speak good English.
phrase
''kicked around
A. invented.
B. formed. , C. shaped.
Baekeland and Hartmann report that the
“short sleepers” had been more or
less
average in their
sleep needs until the
men were in their teens. But at about age 15 or
so, the men voluntarily began
cutting
down their nightly sleep time because of pressures
from school, work, and other activities.
These men tended to view their nightly
periods of unconsciousness as bothersome
interruptions in
their daily routines.
In general,
these “short sleeps” appeared ambitious, active,
energetic, cheerful,
conformist(
不
动摇
)
in their opinions, and very sure about their
career choices. They often held several jobs at
once, or workers full-or part-time
while going to school. And many of them had a
strong urge to
appear “normal” or
“acceptable” to their friends and
associates.
When
asked
to
recall
their
dreams,
the
“short
sleepers”
did
poorly.
More
than
this,
they
seemed
to
prefer
not
remembering.
In
similar
fashion,
their
usual
way
of
dealing
with
psychological problems was to deny that
the problem existed, and then to keep busy in the
hope
that the trouble would go away.
The
sleep
patterns
of
the
“short
sleepers”
were
similar
to,
but
less
extreme
than,
sleep
patterns shown by many mental patients
categorized as manic(
疯人
).
The “long
sleepers” were quite different indeed. Baekeland
and Hartmann report that these
young
men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood. They
seemed to enjoy their sleep, protected it,
and were quite concerned when they were
occasionally deprived of their desired 9 hours of
nightly
bed rest. They tended to recall
their dreams much better than did the “short
sleepers.”
Many of the “long sleepers” were shy,
anxious, introverted (
内向
),
inhibited (
压抑
), passive,
mildly
depressed,
and
unsure
of
themselves
(particularly
in
social
situations).
Several
openly
states that sleep was
an escape from their daily problems.
1. According to the
report,______.
A) many short sleepers need less sleep
by nature
B)
many short sleepers are obliged to reduce their
nightly sleep time because they are busy
with their work
C) long sleepers sleep a longer period
of time during the day
D) many long sleepers preserve their
sleeping habit formed during their childhood
2. Many
“short sleepers” are likely to hold the
view that _____.
A) sleep is a withdrawal
from the reality
B) sleep interferes with their sound
judgment
C)
sleep is the least expensive item on their routine
program
D)
sleep is the best way to deal with psychological
troubles
3. It
is stated in the third paragraph that short
sleepers _____.
A) are ideally vigorous even under the
pressures of life
B) often neglect the consequences of
inadequate sleep
C) do not know how to relax properly
D) are more
unlikely to run into mental problems
4. When sometimes they
cannot enjoy adequate sleep, the long sleepers
might ____.
A)
appear disturbed
B) become
energetic
C) feel
dissatisfiedD) be extremely depressed
5. Which of the following
is Not included in the passage?
A) If one sleeps
inadequately, his performance suffers and his
memory is weakened
B) The sleep patterns of short sleepers
are exactly the sane as those shown by many mental
patients C) Long and short sleepers
differ in their attitudes towards sleep
D) Short
sleepers would be better off with more rest
Upon reaching an
appropriate age (usually between 18 and 21 years),
children are encouraged,
but not
forced, to “leave the nest” and begin an
independent life. After children leave home
the
y