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模块一：主谓一致（主要区分单复数的问题）
1
、
所谓主
谓一致是指一个句子中谓语动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致。
2
、
一般情
况下，名词加
s
表示复数，动词加
s<
/p>
表示单数。
3
、
附表
1
：
人称代词
物主代词
(
……的
)
反身代词
主格
宾格
形容词性
名词性
单数
第一人称
I
me
my
minemyself
第二人称
you
you
your yours
Yourself
第三人称
He
Him His
His
Himself
She
Her
her
Hers
Herself
it
it
Its
Its
Itself
复数
第一人称
We
Us
Our
Ours
O
urselves
第二人称
You
You
Your
Y
ours
Yourselves
第三人称
they themtheir theirs
Themselves
4
、
附表<
/p>
2
：
（选自新概念实用英语语法，梁志<
/p>
编著
p67
）
现代英语中：主谓一致关系主要为人称和数的一致，且仅见于
下列情况中：
主语
一般现在时
一般过去时
I
He/ She/ it
We/ you/ they
以
Be
have
其他动词以
work
为例
Be
am
have
work
is
has
works
are
have
work
Was
Was
Were
考点一：以复数形式
s
结尾的名词，有的是复数，有的
表示单数。
1
、
学科名
词一般以
ics
结尾，都用单数。但是如果在句子中不表示学科
意思就用复数；
常见的学科名词包括：
politics
政治学
physics
物理学
mathematics
数学
economics
经济
学
athletics
体育
statistics
统计学
2
、
以
s
结尾的地理名词：
国家：单数
其他：复数
3
、
一些成双成对的名词和以
ings
结尾的名词：复数
考点二：集体名词
1
、
一些集体名词虽为单数形式但作复数：
people
folk
youth
police
militia
cattle
poultry
vermin
2
、
不可数名词作单数：
water
ink
rain
rice
bread
oil
salt
soap
paper
advice
money
knowledge
information
experience
经验
furniture
equipment
考点三：并列结构：
1
、
and/ both
……
and
看并列的概念是否相同，如果相同用单数
不同用复数
eg. The
secretary and treasurer is absent.
(
表明这个人身兼两职
)
The secretary
and the treasurer are absent.
（表明两个人都没来）
2
、
如果主语有
“
many a
each
every
more than
one
no
neither
either
等词尽管意义
上看是复数，
但谓语动词还是要用单数；
More
than +
复数名词和
moer
+
复数名词
+ than
on
：
谓语动词用复数。
Eg. Many a
customer complains about the poor quality of the
washing machines.
3
、
就近原则：谓语动词的单复数形式取决于离它最近的名词。
……nor……
……or……
either……or……
neither……nor……
not
only……but
also……
There be……
whether…… or……
Eg. One or two friends are coming
tomorrow.
Neither the
students nor their teacher is to attend the
meeting.
4
、
就远原则：谓语动词的单复数形式取决于离它最远的名词。
as
much
as
as
well
as
rather
than
more
than
no
less
than
in
addition
to
except
besides
with
together with
along with
combined with
including
like
but
eg. My wife, more than anyone else in
the family, is anxious to go there again.
The father, as
well as his sons, is going to enroll.
No one except two girls was
late for dinner.
Bill, together with his sisters, was
hurt in the accident.
考点四：有数词概念的名词作主语：
1
、
确定数量的名词
（
1
）
、分数
/
百分数
+of+
名词：单复数有名词决定（名词为单数，谓语动词为单数，反
之为复数）
（
2
）
、
one in/ one out
of +
复数名词：谓语动词用单数
One
of +
名词：谓语动词由名词决定
The/ the only + one of +
名词：谓语动词用单数
Eg. Two-thirds of the
swampland has been reclaimed for farming.
Thiry-fire percent of the
doctors were women.
She
was the only one of the girls who was for the
meeting.
One in ten
students has failed the exam.
One out of twenty was badly damaged.
2
、
不确定数量的名词
（
1
）
、对于
all
of
……
some of
……
none
of
……
half of
……
most
of
……
等由所
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