托福写作满分词汇

(

丑闻或罪行等

)c over up/ gloss over/whitewash

15)

不客观的

,

< br>不公正的

biased/skewed/unobjective

如实描写

factual accounts

可信的

reliable/trustworthy/dependable

及时的

up-to-date/ up-to

–

the-minute (

后者比前者

更及时

)

信息量大的

informative

娱乐性强的

entertaining

有新闻价值

newsworthy

道德准则

code of ethic

或者

code of

conduct

iii. Tourism

类词汇

16)

旅游景点

tourist attraction/ tourist spots/ places of interest

开阔眼界

push back/ expand one‘s

vision/ horizons (

注意

horizons

必须是复数

)

游客与当地人互动

Tourists can interact with the locals

促

进文化交流

promote cultural communication

吸引

draw/ attract/ appeal to (vts)/ be a magnet for

somebody

亲身体验

(

名词

) first-hand experience(noun)

多种感观体验的

(

如听觉、触觉等

)

multi-sensory(adj)

冲

突

conflict(noun, vi+with)

争端

discord/ dissension

17)

把游客和当地人隔绝

seclude / isolate(vts) the tourists from the locals

商业化

commercialize/

commodify(vts)

欺骗游客的手段

tourist traps

间接体验

(

比如通过

电视或者互联网

,

名词

)second-hand

experience/ vicarious experience

文化遗产

cultural heritage

互联网不会让旅游业过时

The Internet will

not render tourism obsolete.

iv. Government

类词汇

Government

18)

当局

authorities

老百姓

citizens/ the citizenry(

全体公民

,

不可 数

)

规范

,

管理

regulate/administer/oversee(vts)

实施

implement

立法

legislate/make laws

严禁

strictly prohibit/ ban

altogether

严格的法律

stringent laws/ legislation

监督

scrutiny(noun)/ scrutinize(vt)/ monitor(vt)

19)

为

...

拨款

allocate money to something/ subsidize(vt)/ be a patron of / invest in/ finance(vt)/ fund(vt)

dedicate money to something

预算

budget

税收

tax revenue

政府

在某方面的开支

the government

spending/ expenditure on something

削减

curtail

增加

augment

当务之急

priority

把

...

当成当务之急

give priority to something.

责任

obligation/ responsibility

20)

军备竞赛

arms race

自卫

self-defense

国土安全

national security/ homeland security

缺乏远见的政

策

short-sighted policy

扩张

expansion/ aggression

谋求霸权

seek/ pursue(vts) hegemony

恶性循环

a

vicious circle

地区不稳定因素

destabilizing factor

规章制度

rules and regulations

21)

太空竞赛

space race

武器

arms/ weapons/ armaments

下岗工人

lay-off workers/ downsize

workers

失业

unemployment/ joblessness

基础 设施

infrastructure

—

比如

public transport system

公共

交通系统

,power grid

电网

pipelines

石油和天然气管道

water supply and drainage system

给排水系统等

,

民主与开放的政府

a democratic and progressive government

v. Animals

类词汇

Animals

22)

动物权益保护主义者

animal rights activists

医学研究

medical research

残忍的

cruel/ merciless/

inhuman/ callous/ brutal

活体解剖

vivisection

麻醉

anaesthetic

减轻动物

的痛苦

alleviate/ ease

animals‘ pain

宠物是主人的伙伴

pets are companions of their masters

给主人心理安慰

afford their

masters consolation and comfort

偷猎

poach(vi,vt)/poaching(noun)

某一种事物是没有替代物的

there

are no replacement/sub stitutes/alternatives(

单数则去掉

s ) for something.

vi. Language & Culture

必备词汇

23)

一种可以通用的语言

(

比如英语

) a lingua franca /a universal language/ a global language

英语的广

泛应用

the proliferation of English

英语的统治地位

the dominant role/ the ascendancy / the hegemony

of English

方言

dialect/vernacular/the indigenous language

小语种将会消亡

Lesser-known language

will become extinct/obsolete

小语种的消亡

the extinction/ demise of lesser-known languages

24)

文化遗产包括有形跟无形两 种

,

有形的入历史遗迹

,

无形的入风俗

,

仪式

,

传统道德观

念等

Cultural

heritage can be divided into two groups, tangible cultural heritage, such as historic sites and intangible

heritage, such as customs, rites, rituals and mores, etc.

保护

preserve

祖先

forefathers/ ancestors

后代

descendants/po sterity(

后一个是不

可数名词

)

少数民族

ethnic minorities

25)

民族团结

the harmony between ethnic group/ race

文化融合

cultural integration and synthesis

相

互影响

interaction

文化多元性

cultural diversity

丰富

enrich

狭隘的观

念

insular/provincial/parochial

mentality

贬低

deprecated/ denigrate/minimize the importance of /disparage/trivialize/discredit

某事不

是一成不变的

something is not set/carved in stone

vii. Development

类常用词汇

26)

生活节奏加速

the tempo/pace of life has accelerated

疲劳

fatigue

导致人与人的疏

远

create

alienation between people

过于功利的

materialistic/ mercenary/ money- worshipping

追求最大限度利润

pursue maximum profit

交通堵塞

traffic jams/traffic congestions/grid block(

最后一个是不可数名词

)

阻

碍

impede/ hinder/ hamper/obstruct/inhibit(vts)

扶贫

poverty alleviation

就业机会

job opportunity/

employment opportunity

贫穷的

needy/ poverty-stricken/ impoverished/ deprived/ destitute/ indigent

富

裕的

affluent/ wealthy/ well-off

27)

撞车

car wrecks/ car accidents

行人

pedestrians

交通肇事者

traffic accident perpetrators

违章横穿

马路

jaywalk(

可以记忆为

:

周杰 伦走路

――

不走寻常路

――

斯邦威

)

监控摄像头

surveillance cameras

28)

有特殊审美价值的老房子

old buildings of special aesthetic value (

注意审美观的英文

说法是

aesthetic values

复数

)

有历史特殊意义的老房子

buildings of historic significance

民居

vernacular

dwellings

让城市更美观

beautify the cities/ better the cityscape

破旧的房子

decrepit/rundown/rickety/dilapidated

拆除

tear down a building/demolish a building/raze a building/

knock down a building

高楼

high-rise building

摩天楼

skyscrapers

城市化

urbanization

城乡差距

the

disparity between the city and countryside

城市的

urban

乡村的

rural

搬迁

relocate(vi,vt)

29)

在家上班

(

< br>动词

)telecommute

休闲

leisure/recreation

精神上的享受

amusement and enjoyment

娱

乐

entertainment/diversion

宽松的管理

laissez-faire management

运营

成本

operating costs/overhead

costs

雇用

recruit

会导致效率降低的

counterproductive

劳动力资源

labor pool

抑郁症

depression

失

眠

sleeplessness/ sleep- deprivation/insomnia

人口爆炸

population explosion/population boom

控制人口

birth control/family planning

爱慕虚荣的

pretentious/ ostentatious

缺少运动的生活方式

sedentary

lifestyle

营养过剩

over nourishment

viii. Environment

类常用词汇

Environment

30)

生态平衡

ecological balance / ecological equilibrium

可持续发展

sustainable development

环保主

义者

environmentalists/ conservationists

对环境无害的

environmentally-friendly

节约使用

conserve(vt)

保护

preserve

再利用

(

动词

) reuse/recycle

各国必须携手解决环境问题

:Countries on this planet must

join forces/ make a concerted effort /unite to combat/tackle/resolve/address environmental problems.

增

强公众关于

. ..

的意识

raise/ elevate the public awareness of something

短缺

shortage/ scarcity/ dearth/

lack

给资源造成很大压力

put a strain on the already stretched resource

破坏自然资源

wreak havoc on

natural resources

看法森林

deforestation

污染

pollute/ contaminate

有毒的

poisonous/ toxic

31)

增加农产品产量

boost crop yield

可再生资源

renewable resource

不可再生资源

non- renewable

resource(

包括金属

矿产

minerals,

石油

petroleum,

天然气

natural gas,

煤

coal

等

,

后三种可以

总称为

fossil fuels)

消耗

(

某种资源

) consume/deplete

用尽

use up/ exhaust

严厉的措施

harsh action/

measures

生态系

统

ecosystem/ ecological system

某一地区所有的生物的总称

the wildlife in a region/

the biota(=flora + fauna) of a region

生物多样性

biodiversity

32)

污水

effluent/sewage

排放

discharge

温室效应

greenhouse effect /global warming

严

重的

severe

/grave

白色污染产生的垃圾

non- biodegradable garbage / wastes that cannot decompose or break

down/ inorganic trash

谴责而不是纵容

condemn rather than condone(vts) something

臭氧层

ozone

layer

肥沃的土壤

fertile soil

贫瘠的土壤

infertile soil

耕地

arable land/ farmland

ix. Globalization

类常用词汇

Globalization

35) (

一个国家或者地区的

)

文化特性

(national or regional) cultural identity

全球文化同

一化过程

(

名词

,

即

< br>地区文化特征的消失

)global cultural homogenization

文化同一性

(

或者叫文化均质性

,

名词< /p>

)cultural homogeneity/cultural uniformity

全球化是一把双

刃剑

Globalization is a

two-edge sword.

地球村

the global village

x. Family

类常用词汇

37)

老年人

elderly people/ senior citizens

家庭成员间的情感纽带

family bonds/ family ties

归属感

a

sense of belonging

对

...

的依恋

an attachment to something/ an affinity for something

贫穷的家庭

deprived families

富裕的家庭

affluent families

单亲家庭

single-parent household

虐待

mistreat/ abuse

家庭暴力

domestic violence

毒品上

瘾

addiction to drugs/ be addicted to drugs

3

分词汇

=20

分

Topic

Education

Media

Technology

Government