考研英语一真题及答案修订稿

考

研

英

语

一

真

题

及

答

案

WEIHUA system office room

【

WEIHUA 16H-WEIHUA WEIHUA8Q8-

年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）

真题及答案（完整版）

Text 1

France, which prides itself as the global innovator of

fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute

right

to

define

physical

beauty

for

woman.

Its

lawmakers

gave

preliminary

approval

last

week

to

a

law

that

would

make

it

a

crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways.

The parliament also agreed to ban websites that

excessive thinness

Such measures have

a couple of uplifting motives. They

suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up with

impinging on health. That's a start. And the ban on ultra-thin

models

seems

to

go

beyond

protecting

models

from

starring

themselves

to

health

-as

some

have

done.

It

tells

the

fashion

industry

that

it

move

take

responsibility

for

the

signal

it

sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape

-

measure they must use to determine their individual worth.

The bans, if fully enforced ,would suggest to woman (and

many men )that they should not let others be orbiters of their

beauty .And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look

to

intangible

qualities

like

character

and

intellect

rather

than dieting their way to sine zero or wasp-waist physiques .

The

French

measures,

however,

rely

too

much

on

severe

punishment

to

change

a

culture

that

still

regards

beauty

as

skin-deep-and

bone-showing.

Under

the

law,

using

a

fashion

model

that

does

not

meet

a

government-defined

index

of

body

mess could result in a $$85,000 fine and six months in prison.

The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in

focusing

on

material

adornment

and

idealized

body

types.

In

Denmark,

the

United

States,

and

a

few

other

countries,

it

is

trying to set voluntary standard for models and fashion images

there rely more on pear pressure for enforcement.

In

contrast

to

France's

actions,

Denmark's

fashion

industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding age,

health, and other

characteristics of models .The newly revised

Danish Fashion Ethical charter clearly states, we are aware of

and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has

on body ideals, especially on young people. The charter's main

toll

of

enforcement

is

to

deny

access

for

designers

and

modeling agencies to Copenhagen. Fashion week, which is men by

the

Danish

Fashion

Institute

.But

in

general

it

relies

on

a

name-and -shame method of compliance.

Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address

the

misuse

of

body

ideals

may

be

the

best

step.

Even

better

would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material

standards of a particular industry.

21. According to the first paragraph, what would happen

in France?

[A] Physical beauty would be redefined

[B] New runways would be constructed

[C] Websites about dieting would thrive

[D] The fashion industry would decline

22. The phrase

meaning to

[A] heightening the value of

[B] indicating the state of

[C] losing faith in

[D] doing harm to

23.

Which

of

the

following

is

true

of

the

fashion

industry

[A] The French measures have already failed

[B] New standards are being set in Denmark

[C] Models are no longer under peer pressure

[D] Its inherent problems are getting worse

24. A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for

[A] setting perfect physical conditions

[B] caring too much about models' character

[C] showing little concern for health factors

[D] pursuing a high age threshold for models

25. Which of the following maybe the best title of the

text?

[A] A challenge to the Fashion Industry's Body Ideals

[B] A Dilemma for the starving models in France

[C] Just Another Round of struggle for beauty

[D] The Great Threats to the Fashion Industry

Text 2

For

the

first

time

in

the

history

more

people

live

in

towns

than

in

the

country.

In

Britain

this

has

had

a

curious

result.

While

polls

show

Britons

rate

countryside

alongside the royal family. Shakespeare and the National Health

Service (NHS) as what make them proudest of their country, this

has limited political support.

A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National

Trust

not to rescue stylish houses but to save

places

for

everyone

forever

It

was

specifically

to

provide

city

dwellers

with

spaces

for

leisure

where

they

could

experience

creation

of

national

parks

and

green

belts.

They

don't

make

countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of

it .It needs constant guardianship.

At the next election none of the big parties seem likely

to

endorse

this

sentiment.

The

Conservatives'

planning

reform

explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation,

even authorizing

might

object.

The

concept

of

sustainable

development

has

been

defined

as

profitable.

Labour

likewise

wants

to

discontinue

local

planning

where

councils

oppose

development.

The

Liberal

Democrats are silent only u sensing its chance, has sides with

those

pleading

for

a

more

considered

approach

to

using

green

land. Its campaign to protect Rural England struck terror into

many local conservative parties.

The

sensible

place

to

build

new

houses

factories

and

offices

is

where

people

are

in

cities

and

towns

where

infrastructure is in place. The London agents Stirling Ackroyed

recently identified enough sites for half of million houses in

the Landon area alone with no intrusion on green belts. What is

true

of

London

is

even

truer

of

the

provinces.

The

idea

that

The issue is not the need for more houses but, as always, where

to put them under lobby pressure, George Osborne favours rural

new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-

of-town shopping sites against high streets. This is not a free

market

but

a

biased

one.

Rural

towns

and

villages

have

grown

and will always grow. They do so best where building sticks to

their edges and respects their character. We do not ruin urban

conservation areas. Why ruin rural ones?

Development should be planned,

not let trip, After the

Netherlands,

Britain

is

Europe's

most

crowed

country.

Half

a

century of town and country planning has enable it to retain an

enviable

rural

coherence,

while

still

permitting

low-density

urban

living.

There

is

no

doubt

of

the

alternative-the

corrupted

landscapes

of

southern

Portugal,

Spain

or

Ireland.

Avoiding

this

rather

than

promoting

it

should

unite

the

left

and right of the political spectrum.

26. Britain's public sentiment about the countryside

[A] is not well reflected in politics

[B] is fully backed by the royal family

[C] didn't start fill the Shakespearean age

[D] has brought much benefit to the NHS

27.

According

to

paragraph

2

，

the

achievements

of

the

National Trust are now being

[A] largely overshadowed

[B] properly protected

[C] effectively reinforced

[D] gradually destroyed

28. Which of the following can be offered from paragraph

3

[A] Labour is under attack for opposing development

[B] The Conservatives may abandon

[C]

Ukip

may

gain

from

its

support

for

rural

conservation

[D] The Liberal Democrats are losing political influence

29. The author holds that George Osbornes's preference

[A] shows his disregard for the character of rural area

[B] stresses the necessity of easing the housing crisis

[C] highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure

[D] reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas