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（英语）高考英语阅读理解试题经典含解析
一、高中英语阅读理解
1
．
阅读理解
One of the hardest parts of living
abroad is being away from your loved ones,
especially your
family.
While
my
friends
are
so
important
to
me,
I've
personally
found
it
more
difficult
being
away from
family.
However, I was
fortunate that my mum and sister recently found
the time to see me. Both my
sister and
I have major birthdays this year as she's tuming
18 and I'll be 21. My sister is a very big
music
fan
and
this year,
I
created
my
status
as
the
best
older
sister
by
keeping an eye
out
for
music concerts in Paris.
In our home town of Leicester, we don't regularly
get many well-known
artists
playing
in
our
city.
But
in
Paris,
I
managed
to
get
the
best
18th
birthday
present
of
all:
tickets
for all three of us to see my sister's favorite
American rapper, Angel Haze.
I will try to visit for my sister's
actual birthday in June, the chance for my sister
and my mum to
visit
became
a
birthday
treat.
The
experience
of
finding
our
way
together
to
the
concert
or
getting
to
show
them
around
the
Paris
sites
such
as
the
Eiffel
Tower,the Arc
du Triomphe
and
even my favorite ice
cream place,Amorino, was an amazing memory for us
all !Despite the fact
that I felt the
slight pressure to make sure the weekend went
smoothly,even the heavy rain failed
to
dampen our mood.
Therefore, while it can be difficult being away
from home and potentially missing big family
moments,there are ways to avoid the
sadness and find a way to make the best of your
situation
to create an unforgettable
memory. Just like the continuing rain while we
went up the Eiffel tower,
every cloud
has a silver lining, because then we got the
funniest photos ever!
（
1
）
What can be known
about the author while living abroad?
A. She knew her friends
were all homesick.
B. She
realized friends were more important.
C. She somewhat missed her parents and
siblings.
D. She knew she she
do her best to study.
（
2
）
What do you know
about the author from the second paragraph?
A. She disliked the dull
and dry life in her hometown.
B. She in fact loved music no less than
her sister.
C.
She
thought
American
rapper
was
the
most
popular.
D. She
showed
deep
love
for
her
younger
sister.
（
3
）
What does the underlined
word“dampen”mean in the passage?
A. Inspire.
B. Damage.
C. Protect.
D. Remind.
（
4
）
How
does the author describe herself in the passage?
A. She is easy to be
homesick. B. She is
responsible for her family.
C. She has a positive attitude.
D. She is skilled in taking
photos.
【答案】
（
1
）
C
（
2
）
D
< br>
（
3
）
B
（
4
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文
，作者以自己的亲身经历，告诉读者：想家是在外的
学子们的共同感受，在异乡看到亲人
时的感觉是难以用语言去形容的。
(1)
考查细节理解。根据第一段可知，身在异乡的作者也会时不时地思念家中的亲人，故选
C
。
(2)
考查细节理解。根据第二段可知，作者的妹妹喜欢音乐，她便想尽一切办法给妹妹买到
音乐会演出的票，做了一个名副其实的好姐姐，由此可知，选
D
。
(3)
考查词义猜测。根据第三段
中的
“Despite the fac
t that I
felt the slight pressure to make sure
the weekend went smoothly, even the
heavy rain failed to dampen our mood.”
可
知，作者带着
母亲和妹妹在巴黎游玩地非常高兴，由此可知大雨没有破坏她们的情绪，故
选
B
。
(4
)
考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“ Just like
the continuing rain while we went up the Eiffel
tower, every
cloud has a
silver lining, because then we got the funniest
photos ever!”
可知，虽然
作者和家人在雨中登上
埃菲尔铁塔，但是在云彩的衬托下他们所拍的照片非常美，作者对
待困难的态度非常积极
，由此可知，故选
C
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟
类阅读，考生在捕捉细节信息的同时，需根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，选出
正确答案。
2
．
阅读理解
Kevin Adkins admits
that when he lacks confidence, he uses big words
to appear smarter, of
which most people
don't know the meaning.
using big
words,
Adkins is not
alone. Many people use longer words in place of
shorter ones because they know,
consciously
or
unconsciously,
that
when
others
form
impressions
of
them
after
a
glance
or
a
short conversation, they often work
harder to give the
show that I have a
good vocabulary, I'll sound smarter says Daniel
Oppenheimer, PhD, a professor
of
psychology
at
Carnegie
Mellon
University
in
Pittsburgh.
However,
if
the
listeners
do
not
understand
those long words, he adds, it will leave a bad
impression instead.
The
truth is that it can easily go wrong.
Eric Igou, PhD, a social psychologist
at Ireland's University of Limerick.
doesn't have the same theory, it can
backfire.
of being
intelligent.
Using big
words may also confuse listeners, which is
definitely moving in the wrong direction,
true when it comes to the
written word. A small study in Applied Cognitive
Psychology
(
应用认知
心理学
)
found
that
the
more
writers
tried
to
sound
smart,
the
less
intelligent
they
were
considered to
be.
So what can you do
to sound smarter? Speak clearly and directly.
Leave the dictionary at your
desk.
（
1
）
Why
does Kevin Adkins prefer saying big words
sometimes?
wants to make himself more easily
understood.
believes that
it is cool.
enjoys the
feelings of being mysterious.
hopes that what he says sounds
smart.
（
2
< br>）
What is Professor Oppenheimer's
attitude towards the behavior of using big words?
roving.
ble.
erent.
us.
（
3
）
What does Eric Igou mean by
saying
can catch
fire.
B can fire person
A.
can deliver an opposite
effect.
observer can also
fight back.
（
4
）
What can we learn from the
small study in Applied Cognitive Psychology?
writer who never uses big
words is more intelligent.
writer who uses big words the most is the most
intelligent.
like the
writers who only use short and clear
expressions.
writers should
avoid using big words often in their
writings.
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（
2
）
A
（
3
< br>）
C
（
4
）
D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，人们将智慧和清晰的表达联系在一起，因此给人留
下聪明印象的说话技巧在于你能够让
对方很容易地理解你的意思。
（<
/p>
1
）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“K
evin Adkins admits that when he lacks confidence,
he
uses big words to appear smarter, of
which most people don't know the
meaning.”
可知，
Kevin
Adkins
承认，当他缺乏信心时，他会说一些人们不经常使用的词使自己显得更聪
明，而大
多数人却不知道其中的含义。因此
Kevin
Adkins
有时喜欢说一些人们不经常使用的词的原
因是他希望他所说的话听起来充满智慧。故选
D
。
（
2
）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的
“However, if the
listeners do not understand those long
words, he adds, it will leave a bad
impression
instead.”
和第四段中的
“Using big
words may also
confuse
lis
teners, which is definitely moving
in the wrong direction, ‘People associate
intelligence
with clearness of
expressions,’ says Oppenheimer.”
可知，
Oppenheimer
教授认为，如果听者不
懂说话者的那些长话，这会给听者留下不好的印象。说人们不经常使用的词可能会使听众
感
到
困
惑
，<
/p>
这
会
引
起
人
们
的
误
解
，
人
们
将
智
慧
与
表
达
的
清
晰
性
联
系
在<
/p>
一
起
。
因
此
Oppenheimer
教授对说话者使用
人们不熟悉的词的行为持不赞成态度。故选
A
。
（
3
）考查句义猜测。根据第三段中的
“Person
A
may
be
regarded
as
showing
off
instead
of
being
intelligent.”
可知，说长话的人
A
可能被认为是在炫耀而不能体现其聪明。因此划线句
子的意思是
“
它起到了相反的作用
”<
/p>
，即说长话的人达到的效果与预想中的让别人看起来很
聪明的效果
是相反的。故选
C
。
（
4
）考查
推理判断。根据第四段中的
“A
small
study
in
Applied
Cognitive
Psy
chology
found
that the more writers tried to sound
smart, the less intelligent they were considered
to be.”
可
知，一项关于应用认知心理学的小型研究发现
，作家越是要让自己听起来聪明，他们就越
被认为不那么聪明。因此我们可以从应用认知
心理学的小型研究了解到作家应避免在写作
中经常使用人们不熟悉的词。故选
D
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅
读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出
正确答案。
3
．
阅读理解
Given
the
recent
interest
in
green
buildings
in
the
media,
let's
think
differently.
Instead
of
focusing on increasing the supply of
energy, what if we focus on reducing
demand?
Can
we
start
with
ending
the
open-
door
practice
of
street-front
shops?
While
cool
air
from
these shops is
refreshing to pedestrians, it carries a cost.
Energy is used in the air conditioning
process.
So
it must be possible to look for changes in
regulations that would encourage more
energy-
saving designs. For instance, if
we fix ceiling fans, air-conditioning homes could
surely be avoided
for part of the year.
Ceiling fans use far less energy. They were in a
year air conditioners could
stay if
ceiling fans were fixed.
In homes built under the small-house policy in New
Territories, the ceiling may be too low for
ceiling fans. If the 9-meter maximum
building height regulation were relaxed, ceiling
fans could
be
fixed
to
reduce
energy
use.
Current
thinking
in
sustainable
building
design
and
operation
involves
integrated(
协调统一的
)
design,
that
is,
bring
together
all
parties
to
create
a
building
with better performance that achieves
energy reduction.
For
integrated
design
to
succeed,
all
parties
must
come
together
and
think
beyond
each
person's
circle
of
influence.
Better
solutions
are
impossible
to
avoid
with
integrated
design.
Buildings would no longer be engineered
after the basic architecture was built. Positive
project
outcomes may include reduced
air-conditioning load, reduced power use for
electric lighting, and
a reduction in
the amount of materials used.
We need to ask if we are ready to
look beyond our own small circles and seek an
improved
approach to building design.
By that I mean an integrated design resulting in
more
sustainable
buildings.
（
1
）
What's the author's attitude towards the
open-door practice of the street shops?
A. Supportive.
B. Disapproving. C.
Optimistic. D.
Uncaring.
（
2
）
Why
does the author suggest fixing ceiling fans?
A. To follow an old
practice.
B. To help reduce energy
use.
C. To completely
replace air conditioners.
D.
To help cut down on daily expenses.
（
3
）
What's
the key to making sustainable buildings a reality?
A. All
parties
should
get
started
at
the
same
time.
B. The
basic
architecture
should
be
finished
first.
C. Proper design and
performance to achieve energy reduction.
D. Seeking the small-house
policy and some successful
architects.
（
4
）
What would be the best title
for the text?
A.
Waste less, live better
B. Goodbye, air conditioning
C. How to reduce the energy cost
D. Green buildings call for integrated
design
【答案】
（
1
）
B
（
2
）
B
（
3
）
C
（
4
）
D
【解析】
【分析】本文属于议论文。
作者认为街边商店开放空调的做法虽然给人以凉爽的
空气，但却浪费了大量的能源。所以
他鼓励节能的集成设计，即在住宅建成前统一设计，
安装吊扇，减少空调的负荷及照明用
电等能源。
（
1
）推理判断题。根据第二段
Can we start with ending
the open-door practice of street-front
shops? While cool air from these shops
is refreshing to pedestrians, it carries a cost.
Energy is
used
in
the
air
conditioning
process.
可知，作者认为虽然这些商店的凉爽空气给行人提神，
但
open-door
practice
却带来了成本，在空
调降低温度过程中消耗了能量。可知是持不赞成
的态度的。故答案选
B
项。
（
2
）细节理解题。根据第三段
if
we
fix
ceiling
fans,
air-conditioning
homes
could
surely
be
avoided
for part of the year. Ceiling fans use far less
energy.
如果我们按装吊扇，空调住宅一年
中大部分时
间可不用空调。吊扇使用的能量要少得多。由此可知建议安吊扇是因为能减少
能源的使用
。故答案选
B
项。
< br>（
3
）推理判断题。根据第
5
段为了使集成设计成功，各方必须团结起。找出更好的解决方
案
。这种恰当的正确的设计结果，可以减少空调负荷，减少电力照明用电，减少使用材料
的
数量。（
Positive project outcomes may
include reduced air-conditioning load, reduced
power
use
for
electric
lighting,
and
a
reduction
in
the
amount
of
materials
used.
）故答案
C
符合题
意。故答案选
C
项。
（
4
）主旨
大意题。作者认为商店开放空调导致能源的浪费，所以倡导在住宅区安装吊扇的
节能环保
的做法。这就需要要建筑房屋前统一的综合的集成设计，才能有一个可持续的节
约的环保
绿色的建筑。因此本文最好的标题是绿色建筑呼唤集成设计。故
D
项符合题意。
【点评】主旨大意阅读理解题解题技巧：抓住
文章段落大意，概括中心思想
寻找整篇文章的中心思想的方法
是建立在寻找具体段落中心的基础上的。各段落中心句的
整体归纳便是文章的中心思想。
在这个过程中，考生们不能只依据只言片语、一枝一节，
或光看文章的某一些段落，而应
该观察全文的结构安排；理解文章浓墨重笔写的
“
重心
”
；
考虑文章的组织材料及支撑性细节是服务于
什么的；分析故事的发展结局都是围绕什么内
容来表达中心的；最后用简明扼要的文字将
文章的中心思想表达出来。
4
．
阅读理解
In Shanghai's Grand Theater, a
fashionable, mainly young audience applauds
enthusiastically as
Guo Yong takes
center stage. He holds a large bushy tree branch
with leaves. Blowing on one of
the
leaves, he produces a sound like the singing of
birds as he plays a traditional Buyi folk song.
Some other musicians are also playing
the traditional instruments from various ethnic
groups in
China.
It's the first time such music has ever been
performed in the Grand Theater. But all this is
the
efforts of Zhu Zheqin, a Cantonese-
born singer; who has made it her mission to help
preserve
China's traditional ethnic
music.
Several years
ago, after being appointed a United Nations
Development Program ambassador,
Zhu
traveled through some of China's remotest regions
in an attempt to document the traditional
music of various minority groups. In
the course other four- month trip, she recorded
more than a
thousand
songs.
But
she
noticed
that
many
of
the
best
musicians
were
old,
and
some
of
the
music was
at risk of dying out.
hope to let people see the beauty of
these things in the contemporary times.
So
Zhu
decided
to
introduce
some
of
the
musicians to
a
wider
audience.
By
doing
this,
she
hopes
to
rekindle
(
再次点燃
)
the
interest
of
the
younger
generation.
people
don't
like
this music much; they
prefer pop music and love songs. They think these
songs are something
their grandma
sings. This kind of repackaging gives young people
a new door into their heritage.
Zhu believes China needs to look
again at its own roots.
in
our
conservatories
(
音乐学院
)
Western
classical
music
is
the
top,
she
says.
China
to
really
contribute
to
the
world,
we
need
to
go
on
our
own
path.
So
what
can
represent
China
today?
（
1
）
From the first
paragraph, we learn that ________.
A. the audience are all
young people B. Guo Yong is playing
the Buyi folk music
C. Guo
Yong is the only minority performer on the stage
D. tree branches make good musical
instruments
（
2
）
Which of the
following is TRUE of Zhu Zheqin?
A. She teaches music in a
conservatories. B. She is helping
preserve Chinese ethnic music.
C. She works as an official in the
United Nations. D. She's created all the
music for the Grand
Theater.
（
3
）
Zhu
Zheqin traveled to some of China's remotest
regions to ________.
A. record the traditional ethnic music
B. help the local musicians play the
music
C. show the UN Chinese
musical traditions D. enjoy the music of
various ethnic groups
（
4
）
What is Zhu Zheqin's
idea about Chinese traditional music?
A. It is completely out of
date.
B. Only old
musicians play it well.
C.
It needs changes to attract young people.
D. It is quickly dying out.
（
5
）
What does Zhu
Zheqin mean in the last paragraph?
A. The
traditional
music
should
be
repackaged. B. Chinese
conservatories
shouldn't
teach
Western
music.
C. China has
contributed a lot to the Western art. D.
Only the things created in China can be
symbols of China.
【答案】
（
1
）
B
（
2
）
B
（
3<
/p>
）
A
（
4
）
C
（
5
）
D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文
，讲述了歌手朱哲琴将中国少数民族传统音乐整理再
包装后向年轻人推广，并呼吁重视传
统、找到真正能代表本民族的东西．
（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“Blowing
on
one
of
the
leaves
，
he
produces
a
sound
like the singing of birds as he plays a
traditional Buyi folk
song”
可知，
Guo Yong
演
奏的是布依族
的民族音乐。故选
B
。<
/p>
（
2
）考查细
节理解。根据第二段中的
“But all this is the efforts
of Zhu Zheqin
，
a
Cantonese-
born
singer
，
who has made it her
mission to help preserve China's traditional
ethnic music.”
可
知，朱哲琴致力于保护中国的
传统音乐。故选
B
。
（
3
）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的
“Zhu traveled through some of
Ch
ina's remotest regions
in
an attempt to document the traditional music of
various minority groups”
可知，朱哲琴去中
国偏僻地区旅行是为了尝试记录各个少数民族的传统音乐。故选
A
。
（
4
< br>）考查推理判断。根据第四段朱哲琴的话以及第五段中的
“This
kind
of
repackaging
gives
young people a new door into their heri
tage”
可知，为获得年轻人的兴趣，这些歌曲被重装包
装了
。因此推断朱哲琴认为传统音乐需要改变以便吸引年轻人的注意。故选
C
。
（
5
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“So what can
represent China today? The answer, she
suggests, is to move from ‘made in
China’ to ‘created in China'.”
可知，最后一段谈到
什么能够
代表中国
，然后又提出答案是由
中国制造<
/p>
转变为
中国创造
，故选
D
。<
/p>
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是
一篇故事类阅读，考生需
要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正
确答案。
5
．
阅读理解
You may think that the story of
Pygmalion (
《卖花女》
, 1913) ---
in which people are judged
by
the
way
they
talk
---
is
something
that
only
existed
in
the
days
of
British
high
society.
But
thanks to etiquette
(
礼仪
) expert and author
William Hanson, we realize that little has changed
during the past 100 years.
In a BBC radio program, Hanson
released a list of common words used in British
English that
could reveal whether a
person is
And yet here
comes the interesting part: While some of us might
go through life using fancy
words,
dressing in ways that make us appear more well-off
than we really are, there are wealthy
people
in
the
world
who
try
to
hide
their
riches
because
they
want
to
be
seen
as
instead of
Beatrice, for example, is a New
Yorker who inherited (
继承
)
millions of dollars. She told The
New
York Times that she has a habit of removing the
price tags (
价签
) from her
clothes so her
house staff don't see
them and feel uncomfortable.
million.
（
1
）
What
does William Hanson find?
A. People failed to judge others'
manner. B. People judge others by their
way of talking.
C. People
tend to use more polite words. D. People
meet impolite persons frequently.
（
2
）
What do
rich people prefer to do?
A. To hide their riches.
B. To earn more money.
C. To
think highly of their wealth. D. To
judge others by their wealth.
（
3
）
Why
did Beatrice remove the price tags on her clothes?
A. To show off her fashion
sense.
B. To change
people's attitude to rich people.
C. To
pretend
to
be
normal.
D. To
avoid
making
people
around
her
uncomfortable.
（<
/p>
4
）
What does
A. The price tag.
B. The brand label.
C. The
inheritance contract.
D. The Times magazine.
【答案】<
/p>
（
1
）
B
（
2
）
A
（
3
）
D
（
4
）
A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，揭示如今人们依然会从你的说话用词上来判断你是
“
普通的<
/p>
”
还是
“
时髦的
”
。
（
1
考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“But
thanks to etiquette (
礼仪
)
expert and author William
Hanson, we
real
ize that little has changed during
the past 100
years.”
可知，
William Hanson
认
为我们现在仍旧如同以前一样通过人们讲话的方式来判断一个人。故选
B
。
（
2
）考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的
“
…there are wealthy people in the world who try to
hide their riches because they want to
be seen as 'normal' instead of 'showy'”
可知，富人更喜欢
隐藏起他们的财富。故选
A
< br>。
（
3
）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的
“She told The New
York Times that she has a habit
of
removing the price tags (
价签
)
from her clothes so her house staff don't see them
and feel
uncomfortable.”
可知，<
/p>
Beatrice
除掉衣服上的价格标签是为了避免让她周围的人
感到不舒
服。故选
D
。
（
4
）考查代词指代。根据
倒数第二段的内容可知，
Beatrice
除掉衣服上的价格标
签是为了
避免让她周围的人感到不舒服。因此推断
Scott<
/p>
说：我们不想要那些
“Wow”
，我们不
是那种
袖子上戴着商标的人。此处的
“we”
< br>指的是
Beatrice
和
Sc
ott
，故
it
指的是价格标签。故案
选
A
。
【点
评】本题考点涉及细节理解和代词指代两个题型的考查，考生需要准确掌握细节信
息，并
根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
6
．
阅读理解
I visited Copenhagen for the first
time last Easter. As a
student
，
I'm always strapped
for cash
，
so I assumed I
could only afford to breathe the air
—
but luckily everything
about Copenhagen is
breathtaking.
I was staying in an Airbnb, and rented a bike so I
could cover more ground. One of the first
places
I
v
isited
was
the
Rundetaarn,
or
“round
tower”
built
in
the
17th
century
as
an
astronomical observatory.
It has an equestrian staircase (a wide set of
stairs big enough for horses
to use)
that went on and on. As I was going up, I stopped
to visit the tower's library hall. At the
top, there's a glass platform that
gives a view 80-foot straight down, as well as a
bell loft. Luckily,
the views over
Copenhagen from the top were well worth the
climb.
After coming
down, I hiked up to the Kastellet Fortress to see
the famous Little Mermaid statue.
Taking a photo with her was almost
impossible with all the tourists crowding
around
—
but sitting
there and hearing the lapping waves of
the deep blue Baltic Sea, waiting for the sun to
set, was
an unforgettable and calming
experience.
The next
day, I visited the Glyptotek art museum, exploring
the grand exhibits. I looked into the
marble eyes of many Roman
gods
，
and walked down dimly
lit staircases to see mummies from
Egypt.
Before
I unwillingly boarded the train back to the
airport, I told myself that I must visit
again
—
to experience the
thrills of Tivoli Gardens, try more of the street
food and everything else from
this
amazing city.
（
1
）
Why
did the author rent a bike?
A. Because she loved to ride a bike.
B. Because she didn't afford to rent a
car.
C. Because she found
nowhere to rent other vehicles.
D. Because she wanted to see as many
attractions as possible.
（
2
）
What
did the author find difficult at the Kastellet
Fortress?
A.
Finding a sitting place
B. Waiting for the sun to
set
C. Listening to the
sound of waves
D.
Having a photo taken with a statue.
（
3
）
Which
of the following didn't the author visit?
A. Rundetaarn
B. Tivoli Gardens
C.
Glyptotek art museum
D. Little
Mermaid Statue
（
4
）
What is the author's
purpose in writing the text?
A. To remember a holiday
B. To introduce a new
attraction
C. To share her
travel experience
D. To show her love of
Copenhagen
【答案】
（<
/p>
1
）
D
（
2
）
D
（
3
）
B
（
4
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文
，讲述了作者去哥本哈根的穷游经历。
(1)
考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“I
was
staying
in
an
Airbnb,
and
rented
a
bike
so
I
could
cover more ground.”
可知作者租一辆自行
车是因为她想要看尽可能多的旅游胜地，故选
D
。
(2)
考查细节理解。根据第三段中的
“Taking a photo with
her was
almost impossible with all the
tourists
crowding
around”
可
知在
Kastellet
Fortress
< br>，作者发现最困难的事情就是和雕塑拍
照，故选
D
。
(3)
考查细节
理解。根据第二段中的
“One of the first places I
visited was the Rundetaarn,”
排除
A
；根据第四段中的
“The
next
day,
I
visited
the
Glyptotek
art
museum,
exploring
th
e
grand
exhibits.”
排除
C
；根据第三段中的
“After
coming
down,
I
hiked
up
to
the
Kastellet
Fortress
to
see the famous Little
Mermaid statue.”
排除
D
，故选
B
。
(4)
考查写作意图。这篇文章主要介绍了作者去哥本哈根的穷游经历，所以作者写
这篇文章
的目的是分享自己的旅游经历，故选
C
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和写作意图两个题
型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生准
确捕捉细节信息的同时，需进一步根据上下文的逻
辑关系，进行推理，归纳，从而选出正
确答案。
7
．
阅读下列短文，从短文后每题所给的
A
、<
/p>
B
、
C
和
D
四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
So
many
of
us
hold
on
to
little
resentments
that
may
have
come
from
an
argument,
a
misunderstanding, or some
other painful event. Stubbornly, we wait for
someone else to reach
out
to
us
—
believing
this
is
the
only
way
we
can
forgive
or
rekindle
a
friendship
or
family
relationship.
An
acquaintance
of
mine,
whose
health
isn't
very
good,
recently
told
me
that
she
hadn't
spoken
to her son in almost three years. She said that
she and her son had had a disagreement
about his wife and that she wouldn't
speak to him again unless he called first. When I
suggested
that she be the one to reach
out, she resisted initially and said,
should apologize.
gentle
encouragement,
however,
she
did
decide
to
be
the
first
one
to
reach
out.
To
her
amazement, her son was
grateful for her willingness to call and offered
an apology of his own. As
is usually
the case when someone takes the chance and reaches
out, everyone wins.
Whenever we hold on to our anger, we turn
We start to believe that our positions
are more important than our happiness. They are
not. If
you
want
to
be
a more
peaceful
person you
must
understand
that
being
right
is almost
never
more important than allowing yourself
to be happy. The way to be happy is to let go, and
reach
out. Let other people be right.
This doesn't mean that you're wrong. Everything
will be fine. You'll
experience the
peace of letting go, as well as the joy of letting
others be right.
You'll
also
notice
that,
as
you
reach
out
and
let
others
be
they
will
become
less
defensive and more loving toward you.
They might even reach back. But if for some reason
they
don't, that's okay too. You'll
have the inner satisfaction of knowing that you
have done your part
to create a more
loving world, and certainly you'll be more
peaceful yourself.
（
1
）
The
underlined word
A. recover
B. develop C. accept
D. replace
（
2
）
According
to
the
passage,
the
author's
friend
never
spoke
to
her
son
for
three
years
because ____________.
A. she had got an argument
with her daughter-in-law
B. she
had disagreed about her son's
marriage
C. she
had got an argument about her daughter-in-law
D. she had disliked her son's wife for
many years
（
3
）
Which of the
following is NOT the reason for people to be
unwilling to apologize first?
A. People
believe
that
they
are
always
right.
B. People
always
wait
for
others
to
offer
an
apology first.
C.
People
consider
the
position
more
important
than
happiness.
D. People
want
to
get
an
inner
satisfaction.
（
4
）
The
purpose of the passage is to ____________.
A. instruct the readers how
to apologize B. teach the readers how
to gain inner peace
C.
inform the readers the importance of being
forgiving
D. tell the readers
to reach out first
when there are
painful events.
【答案】
< br>（
1
）
A
（
2
）
C
（
3
）
D
（
4
）
D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文
，论述了面对与人们的矛盾时，不要执着于怨恨，伸
出你的手来化解它，学会首先向别人
道歉，让别人是对的，这并不意味着你是错的。
（
1
）考查词义猜测。第一段中的
“Stubbor
nly, we w
ait for someone else to reach
out to us
—
believing this is
the only way we can forgive or rekindle a
friendship or family relationship.”
固执
地说，我们等着别人来找我们
——
相信这是
我们能够原谅或重新点燃友谊或家庭关系的唯
一途径。可知
re
kindle
是
“
恢复
”
之意，选
A
。
（
2
）考查细节理解。根
据第二段中的
“ She said that she and her son
had h
ad a disagreement
about
his wife and that she wouldn't speak to him again
unless he called first.”
她说她和她儿子
< br>对他的妻子意见不和，她不会再和他说话除非他先打电话。故选
C
。
（
3
）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的
“We
start
to
believe
that
our
positions
are
more
important than our
happiness. They are not. If you want to be a more
peaceful person you must
understand
that being right is almost never more important
than allowing yourself to be happy.”
我们开
始相信我们的地位比我们的幸福更重要。其实不然，如果你想成为一个更爱好和平
的人，
就必须明白
“
正确
”
< br>几乎永远也不会比让自己快乐更重要。可知
A
、
B
、
C
三项都是人
们不愿首先道歉的原因，故选
D
。
（
4
）考查写作意图
。纵观全文可知，本文探讨了面对与人们的矛盾时，应该做主动言和的
那个人，这样才能
消除心中的怨恨，并且获得幸福，因此本文的目的是告诉读者在发生痛
苦的事情时要先主
动道歉，故选
D
。
< br>【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和写作意图三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅
< br>读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确
< br>答案。
8
．
阅读理解
A Song of Ice and Fire
is a seven-part series of fantasy
written for adults. George R. R. Martin
writes each chapter from the
perspective of a specific character, providing a
limited point of view
for each section.
The reader is able to understand the inner
workings of the individual, but the
reader is barred from a whole
understanding of the text. The world he has
created has magic, but
there is much
more than that. While magic exists, it exists on
the edge, and the inner unrest of
the
characters is much more important.
His
work
also
has
a
level
of
realness
that
is
astonishing
in
a
work
of
fantasy.
Characters
are
imperfect, and many make questionable
moral choices. In the end, however, Martin shows
that
both good and bad happen to both
the people of high moral standard and the corrupt.
He has
made it clear that any character
can die at any point, which has led to a lot of
heartbreak from
readers.
In 2011,
A Song of Ice
and Fire
became a television series
titled
Game of Thrones
.
Martin has
been
closely
involved
with the
production.
It
has
currently
run
for
seven
seasons, and
viewers
anxiously await the eighth season to
answer their questions from the season seven
finale.
His fans are
also waiting for
The Winds of Winter
and A Dream of Spring,
the next books
in the
series, to answer the questions
Martin and the television show have not yet
addressed. Martin,
however, has no
plans to rush. He has made it clear that he will
continue to write the books while
working on the television show and
writing other novels.
But how will the story continue? What is going to
happen in Westeros, and more importantly:
when are we going to find out? Martinis
skill as a writer has kept readers and viewers
spellbound.
Many hope he will finish
the next book before the next season of the show
begins, but no one
knows with Martin.
He always keeps his readers guessing.
（
1
）
One
of the characteristics of
A Song of Ice
and Fire
is ________.
A. each chapter is written
from a limited point of view
B.
magic is the center of the story
C. Martin
has
made
imperfect
characters
die
at
any
point
D. many
characters
make
astonishing
choices
（
2
）
What is George R. R. Martin's
A Song of Ice and Fire
considered to be?
A. One of his masterworks of fantasy.
B. An unsuccessful screen
adaptation.
C. An artistic
creation for the TV.
D. One of the best TV
programmes.
（
3
）
What does the word “address”
in the fourth paragraph mean?
A. written
B. spoken C. solved
D. directed
（
4
）
How
will the ending of the story be?
A. Interesting.
B. Confusing. C. Novel.
D. Unknown.
【答案】
（
1
）
A
（
2
）
A
（
3
）
C
（
4
）
D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文
，介绍了
George R. R. Martin
为成人写的
奇幻小说《冰
与火之歌》。作者
Martin
< br>从一个特定的角色的角度来写每一章，为每一节提供一个有限的
观点。这人们正期
待作者继续写作，把故事延续下去。
(1)
< br>考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“George
R.
R.
Martin
writes
each
chapter
from
the
perspective of a
specific character, providing a limited point of
view for each section.”
可知，
A
Song of Ice and Fire
的一个特点是每一
章都是用有限的视角写的。故选
A
。
(2)K
考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“His work also has a level of realness that is
astonishing in
a work of
fantasy.”
可知，
George R. R.
Martin
的
A Song of Ice and Fir
e
被认为这是他的杰作之
一。故选
A<
/p>
。
(3)
考查
推理判断。根据第四段中的
“His
fans
are
also
waiting
for
The
Winds
of
Winter
and
A
Dream of Spring, the next
books in the series, to answer the questions
Martin and the television
show have not
yet addressed. Martin, however, has no plans to ru
sh.”
可知，他的书迷们也正在
等着
The Winds of Winter and A Dream of Spring
——
本系列的下一本书，这本书是为了解答
马丁和电视剧尚
未解决的问题。由此可知选
C
。
(4)
考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“
He always keeps his readers guessing.”
可
知，这个故事
的结尾将是未知的。故选
D
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考
查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考
生准确捕捉细节信息，根据上下文进行逻辑推理，选出正
确答案。
9
．
阅读理解
America
is
well
known
for
being
a
melting
pot
of
different
ethnic
groups
and
cultures,
but
nowhere is this diversity more
pronounced than in Queens, New York.
Here,
second-
generation
Puerto
Ricans
live
alongside
third-generation
Greeks
and
first-
generation Koreans,
all united by a common feeling of pride in their
American identity. However,
they are
also proud and curious about their ancestral
roots. National Geographic's Genographic
Project,
also known
as
the Human
Family Tree,
set
out
to
trace
the
origins by examining
their
genetic
makeup
using
a
simple
DNA
test.
What
interested
them
more
was
something
that
intrigues us all: the history of our
recent ancestry. One recurring theme among
immigrants seems
to be the hard work
and sacrifices that went into building a new life,
and how their descendants
now feel a
duty to honor that effort by working hard too.
Here is one Queens resident's story.
Richard, 38
My great-grandfather Tomas came to America from
Poland when he was fifteen. His mother
had died, and his father remarried.
Tomas didn't like his stepmother, so he ran away
to Belgium,
where he boarded a ship to
America
—
without a ticket.
Arriving in America with nothing, he got a
job on the railroads in California.
Then one day he saw an announcement in a newspaper
that
was read by immigrants. It was
from his brother in New York who was also seeking
his fortune in
America and was looking
for him. Tomas got in touch and they had an
emotional reunion in New
York, where
Tomas subsequently settled. This is the story that
my grandmother has passed down
to us,
to my parents, and all my aunts and uncles. She is
an amazing woman and I suppose: the
one
who
holds
us
all
together.
She's
actually
quite
forgetful
now,
but
she
never
forgets
family
details. What that
has meant is that all of us have a strong family
bond and a strong sense of
belonging to
a group that has struggled and fought together to
steered here.
（
1<
/p>
）
What is special about
Queens?
A.
Conflicting ethnic minorities live
here.
B. Many foreigners
like to travel to this place.
C. The pronunciation varies from person
to person.
D. Many different
people and cultures are gathering here.
（
2
）
Wha
t does the
A. A sad
experience.
B. A common subject.
C. An unknown topic.
D. An unusual quality.
（
3
）
Which of
the following can best describe Tomas?
A. Brave and independent.
B. Tough and honest.
C. Talented and persistent.
D. Kind and hard-working.
（<
/p>
4
）
What can we know
about the immigrants from the text?
A. They are ashamed of
their roots.
B. They feel
attached to their family.
C.
They can't fit in with the new
surroundings.
D. They are
less interested in recent generations.
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（<
/p>
2
）
B
（
3
）
A
（
4
）
B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹
议文，美国是一个种族和文化的大熔炉，尽管移民在
美国生活了几代，但他们仍对自己的
祖辈感到骄傲和好奇。祖辈的努力和牺牲让他们有强
烈的家庭归属感，也激励着他们更加
努力。
（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“America
is
well
known
for
being
a
melting
pot
of
different
ethnic
groups
and
cultures,
but
nowhere
is
this
diversity
more
pronounced
than
in
Queens,
New
York.”
可知，美国是不同种族和文化的大熔炉，但这种多样性
在纽约的皇后区
最为明显，即：皇后区汇集了不同种族的人和文化。故选
D
。
（
2
）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的
“One
recurring
theme
among
immigrants
seems
to
be
the hard work and sacrifices that went
into building a new life, and how their
descendants now
feel a duty to honor
that effort by work
ing hard too.”
移民中
……
似乎是为了建立新生活他们所
付出的努力和牺牲，以及他们的后代应该感到有责任通过努力工作来纪念他们的努力。联< p>
系上下文，可知这是很多移民谈到的话题，故推测划线部分的意思是
“
一个共同的主题
”
。
故选
B
。
（
3
）考查
推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“so he ran away to
Belgium, where he boarded a ship
to
America
—
without a ticket.
Arriving in America with nothing, he got a job on
the railroads in
California.”
可知
Tomas
没有买票一个人坐上了到美国的轮船，到了美
国后身无分文在火车
站找了一份工作，这些体现了
Tomas<
/p>
的勇敢和独立。故选
A
。
（
4
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“What
interested
them
more
was
something
that
intrigues us all: the history of our
recent
ancestry.”
和最后一段中的
“She's
actually quite for
getful
now,
but
she
never
forgets
family
details.
What
that
has
meant
is
that
all
of
us
have
a
strong
family bond and a strong sense of
belonging to a group that has struggled and fought
together to
steered
here.”
可知美国移民对他们祖辈的历史更感兴趣；
Richard
的祖母忘不了家庭细节意
味着他们有强烈的家庭纽带和归属感，即这些移
民看重家庭以及对家庭的依恋。故选
B
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三
个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟
类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行
逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
1
0
．
阅读理解
There might be as many as 10
million species of complex life on this planet
today
——
a huge
number. But add up all of the complex
species that ever lived and some biologists think
the grand
total would be about five
billion. The estimate leads to an astonishing
conclusion: a staggering
99% of species
are not around any more. They have been driven to
extinction.
More
species
are
joining the
ranks
of
the extinct
every
year.
Many
scientists
believe
we
are
living
through an episode of remarkably rapid extinction,
on a scale that has been seen only five
times in the last half a billion
years.
They call this
current episode the sixth mass extinction
——
a large, global decline
in a wide
variety of species over a
relatively short period of time. And they tend to
agree that humans are
the main
cause.
Over-
hunting,
overfishing,
and
human-driven
habitat
loss
are
pushing
many
species
to
the
brink. In fact, we have
changed the planet so much that some geologists
are now suggesting that
we have entered
a new phase in Earth's history; an epoch they call
the
＂
Anthropocene
＂
. By
2100,
it
is
expected
that
humans
will
have
caused
the
extinction
of
up
to
half
of
the
world's
current species.
Because we are living through this extinction, it
is relatively easy for us to
study the
driving
forces behind it. But how do we
determine what caused other mass die-offs that
happened long
ago?
To
do
so
we
have
to
look
at
what
archaeologists,
palaeontologists,
geologists
and
other
scientists have concluded from the
evidence they have gathered.
The trouble is, those scientists do
not always agree with one another
——
even about the most
recent extinction event. As well as the
five-or six- mass extinctions, there have also
been many
smaller
extinctions.
One of
these mini extinction events happened towards the
end of the Pleistocene, a few tens
of
thousands of years ago. It is sometimes called the
＂
megafaunal
＂
extinction because many of
the
species it claimed were particularly large
animals, weighing more than 97lb (44kg). However,
its cause remains a debate amongst
scientists.
（
1
）
What can we learn about the
sixth mass extinction
？
A. Humans are the main
cause of it.
B. It
means a global decline over a long
time.
C. It occurred towards
the end of the Pleistocene.
D.
Scientists still disagree about the cause
of it.
（
2
）
What can be inferred
from the text about species
？
A. 99% of species will not
be around any more by 2100.
B.
By the 22nd century, there will
probably be about five million on this
planet.
C. About
eight
years
later
we
will
enter
what
is
called
the
＂
Anthropocene
＂
.
D. It
is
not
easy for
us to figure out causes behind the
＂
Anthropocene
＂
.
（
3
）
Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the last paragraph ?
A. Land animals.
B. Marine life. C. Huge animals.
D. Flesh-eating creatures.
【
答案】
（
1
）
A
（
2
）<
/p>
B
（
3
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，许多科学家认为，我们正经历着地球史上第六次大
规模物种灭绝，主要原因是人类的过
度捕猎、过度捕捞和人类栖息地的丧失。但是，各个
科学家对过去物种灭绝原因有着不同
的看法，即便是最近的一次小规模物种灭绝
——
大型
动物灭绝，有关的灭绝原因，科学家仍在争论。
(1)
考查细节理解。第三段提到大规模物种
灭绝是在
a
relatively short period of time
，所以
B
错误；最后一段提到大型动物的灭绝发生
在
the
end
of
the
Pleistocene
，而
第六次大规模物种灭绝是当下正在发生的，所以
C
错误；
根据第三段中的＂
They
call
this
current
episode
the
sixth
mass
extinction
——
a
large,
global
decline in a wide variety of species
over a relatively short period of time. And they
tend to agree
that humans are the main
cause.
＂可知，科学家认为人类是第六次大规模物种灭绝的主要原
因，没有不同意见，因此
D
错误，因此选
A
。
(2)
考查推理判断。根据第一段中的
“There might be as
many as 10 million species of complex
life
on
t
his
planet
today
”
，以及第四段中的＂
By
2100,
it
is
expected
that
humans
will
have
caused the extinction of up to half of
the world's current species.
＂可知，到
22
世纪，地球还
会有目前物种的
< br>1
/
2
会灭绝，也就是
10million
的半，即
five mil
lion
，因此选
B
。
(3)
考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的＂
because
many
of
the
species
it
claimed
were
particularly large animals, weighing
more than 97lb (44kg).
＂可推知
<
/p>
＂
megafaunal
＂应为大型
动物，因此选
C
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅
读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，选出正确答案。
11
．
阅读理解
Bus Tours in Washington DC
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Duration: 3 hours $$56.33
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ONLY DC Night Tour where the Tour
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DC is at, night.
Best
Mount Vernon & Arlington Cemetery Tour from
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Duration:
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See
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Washington's Mount
Vernon
Estate
on
this
small
group
bus
tour
from
Washington
DC.
Your
tour
guide
will
accompany
you
through
Mount
Vemon,
telling
you
about
all
of
the
attractions
there
and
the
history
of George Washington's home on the Potomac
River.
The Best Minibus
Tour in Washington DC.
Duration: 3 hours $$ 46.92
See all the key attractions DC has to offer in a
3-hour format. You will learn all about the
history
and trivia that surrounds
Washington and visit the major monuments and
attractions DC has to
offer.
Please Note: Rates for this tour
vary by day of the week. When you choose your
specific date
on the availability
calendar, the rates for that date will be
displayed.
The Blossoms
Tour in Washington DC.
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