-
【英语】英语阅读理解
(
人物故事
)
专项习题及答案解析及解析
一、高中英语阅读理解人物故事类
1
．
阅读理解
Open water
swimming
I had only swum
in open water a few times, and always in gentle
lakes, so I wasn't prepared for
how
rough Lake Windermere appeared on a cold day. A
swimmer told me the water felt colder
than it had been measured, and that the
water was a bit rough. But I, along with 10,000
others,
was about to complete the
challenge.
Most of the
people taking part were doing a one-mile race, and
10 races were planned over the
weekend.
There seemed to be a mix of open-water enthusiasts
alongside complete
beginners
—
which is precisely
the aim of the swims, to get as many people as
possible completing their own
challenge.
The
oldest
woman
competing
was
77,
taking
part
in
the
two-mile
race,
alongside
a
man who last year had swum in every
one-mile race.
I had
chosen the third one-mile race of the day. There
were over 600 people in my race. We
were
taken
through
an
acclimatization
area
a
children's
paddling
pool-sized
part
of
the
lake
where we moved in to
feel how cold the water was.
we headed
out towards the middle of the lake.
We'd been warned that the first 100
metres would be really rough. However, somewhere
near
the 750m mark I was still waiting
for the calm; it felt more like swimming in the
sea than a lake. I
tried to focus on my
breathing and technique, and just keep going. As I
approached the 400m-to-
go mark my lower
right leg became painful. I recalled overhearing
people talking about how they
kept
swimming through the pain, so I tried. But it
didn't work. I began to feel the entire leg tight
and painful. I didn't want to stop, so
I bent my right knee and just kicked with the left
leg.
Finally I saw the
finishing post, and I just concentrated on getting
there
—
still one-legged. My
finishing time was 38 minutes 25
seconds but that didn't
matter
—
the atmosphere was
fantastic
and everyone felt a sense of
achievement, whatever their time. I'm hooked, and
want to give it
another go. I've
already signed up for my next open-water
swim.
（
1
）
How
did the author feel before the race?
A. Scared of the most
challenging race.
B.
Disappointed by the difficult
conditions.
C. Concerned
about the other swimmers in the race.
D. Determined to be as tough as the
people around her.
（
2
）
Why
does the author mention the two people in
Paragraph 2?
A.
To stress the importance of the race.
B. To praise the experienced
swimmers.
C. To show the
wide range of the participants.
D. To introduce the various events of
the race.
（
3
）
The
author suggests in Paragraph 4 that ______.
A. the race would cause
breathing problems
B. the
race became harder than she had
expected
C. it was really
necessary to prepare for tough swims
D. it would have been easier if she had
taken others' advice
（
4
）
What does the author
talk about in the last paragraph?
A. Her confidence in her
own ability. B. Her pride in
having swum so quickly.
C.
Her eagerness to repeat the experience. D.
Her surprise at having managed to
finish.
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（
2
）
< br>C
（
3
）
B
（
4
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文
，作者讲述了参加一英里的天然水域游泳的经历，最
终成功到达终点线。
（
1
）考查推理判断。
根据第一段中的
“But
I,
along
with
10,000
others,
was
about
to
complete
the <
/p>
challenge.”
可知，我马上和其他
10000
名游泳者完成这项挑战，故可知，他们
很坚定要
完成这项运动，故选
D
。
（
2
）考查
推理判断。根据第二段中的
“There
seemed
to
be
a
mix
of
open-water
enthusiasts
alongside
complete beginners
—
which is
precisely the aim of the swims, to get as many
people as
possible completing their own
challenge. The oldest woman competing was 77,
taking part in the
two-mile race,
alongside a man who last year had swum in every
one-
mile race.”
可知，参赛者包
括天然水域游泳的爱好者，也包括初学者，也有很多人完成自己的挑战，这里面就有
< br>77
岁
参加
2
< br>英里游泳的老人，也有去年参加一英里的男子，故可知，该比赛参与者范围很广，
故选
C
。
（
3
）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的
“I
recalled
overhearing
people
talking
about
how
they
kept swimming through
the pain, so I tried. But it didn't work. I began
to feel the entire leg tight
and
painful.”
可知，我想起了那些人提及的克服水中抽筋的技巧，但是
没有作用，我感觉整
条腿开始紧张疼痛，故可知，这次比赛比她想象的要艰难，故选
B
。
（
4
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“I'm
hooked,
and
want
to
give
it
another
go.
I've
already signed up for
my next open-
water swim.”
可知，
我被吸引住了，想要再尝试一次，准
备好为下一次游泳比赛报名，故可知，作者为完成比
赛而感到兴奋，也喜欢上了这项运
动，故选
C
< br>。
【点评】本题考点涉及推
理判断题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要根据上下文进
行逻辑推理，从而选出正
确答案。
2
．
阅读理解
Wilbur and Orville
Wright were the two youngest sons of Bishop Milton
Wright, Wilbur was
born on a farm near
Millville and Orville was born in August in the
house the family would come
to occupy
for more than 40 years in Dayton.
Orville would discover in later
years that he and Wilbur's first interests in
flight began when
they
were
children,
with
powered
rubber-band-
helicopter
toys
that
their
father
would
bring
home
for them from trips around the country. Orville
and Wilbur would build
duplicates
（复制
品）
of
these toys and bounce them off the ceiling. They
were just crazy about these things for
the reasons that they did not yet
understand.
Both
boys
loved
to
solve
problems
that
seemed
difficult
to
others.
The
more
difficult
the
problem was, the more they saw it as a
challenge. Exploring the unknown was such a joy
for then
that Orville once said,
come to get at something that
interested us. That's happiness.
Putting their gift to work, the
boys entered the printing business soon after high
school. Orville
designed and then built
a printing press
（印刷机）
for
this enterprise. At first, they did contract
printing
for
other
people,
and
soon
one
of
their
customers
during
the
early
1890s
was
Father
Milton's church. They also tried the
newspaper business, and although their two
newspapers, the
West Side News and The
Evening Item were considered to be of high
quality, Dayton already had
daily
newspapers, so the Wrights soon returned to
contract printing.
Branching out into other areas, they also opened a
bicycle business. Bicycling was the fastest
growing
sport
in
the
country
at
that
time,
and
their
repair
shop
soon
led
them
into
building
bicycles of their own design, often
with tools of their own construction, such as the
lathe
（车
床）
driven
by a one-cylinder gasoline engine built by
Orville. The bicycle shop would provide the
livelihood
（生计）
that
would allow them to carry out their experiments on
airplanes.
（
1
）
What may inspire Wilbur and
Orville Wright to be keen on flight in
childhood
？
A. Their experiences of
taking a flight.
B. Their
wishes to travel by plane.
C. The toys their father brought for
them.
D. Their interest in
duplicating toys.
（
2
）
What kind of children
were the Wright brothers
？
A. Enthusiastic and
curious.
B. Quiet and
modes.
C. Naughty but
clever.
D. Stubborn but
careful
（
3
）
What business did Wilbur and
Orville enter shortly after high
school
？
A. The toy
business.
B. The printing
business.
C. The lathe
business.
D. The bicycle
business.
（
4
）
What will possibly be discussed
following this text
？
A. Who guided them a lot on
their way to success.
B.
What trouble they would meet in their
business.
C. Why they closed
their bicycle shop suddenly.
D. How the two brothers began to invent
planes.
【答案】
（
1
）
C
（
2
）
< br>A
（
3
）
B
（
4
）
D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文
，介绍了
莱特兄弟是怎样的发明飞机的过程。
（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“Orville
would
discover
in
later
years
that
he
and
Wilbur's
first
interests
in
flight
began
when
they
were
children
，
with
powered
rubber-
band-
helicopter toys that their father
would bring home for them from trips around the
country”
奥维
尔后来发现他
和威尔伯对飞行第一次兴趣是从他们小时候开始的，由于他们的父亲从乡村
给他们带回家
的，用橡皮筋为动力的直升机玩具，可知选
C
。
（
2
）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的
“They were just crazy
about these
things for the reasons
that they did not yet
understand”
他们只是因为他们还不明白的原因
而对这些事情疯狂
；和
第三段中的
“Both
boys
loved
to
solve
problems
that
seemed
difficult
to
others.
The
more
difficult the problem
was
，
the more they saw it as
a challenge”
两个男孩都喜欢解决别人觉得
困难的
问题。问题越难，他们就越觉得这是一个挑战
可推出选
A
。
（
3
）考查
细节理解。根据第四段中的
“
Putting
their
gift
to
work,
the
boys
entered
the
printing business soon after high
school. ”
把他们的天赋投入工作
< br>中，孩子们高中毕业后不久
就进入了印刷业。
故选
B
。
（
4
）考查
推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“The
bicycle
shop
would
provide
the
livel
ihood
（生
计）
that
would allow them
to carry out their
experiments on
airplanes”
自行车店将提供生计
，
允许他们在飞机上进行实验
，可知选
D
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，
是一篇故事类阅读，考生需
要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出
正确答案。
3
．
阅读理解
My First Day of
School
Fear started
taking over, I was walking into my first school in
America. I had traveled a long
distance
from India in order to join my parents, who had
been for three years, hoping America
would help my future. My father decided
that I would be better off going to school here,
so I
enrolled(
登记
)in
the local high school in my new town.
I
was
afraid
how
I
would
do.
On
the
first
day,
I
went
to
my
second
period
class
after
I
had
missed my first. With
anxiety, I reached for the door, opening it
slowly. Without paying attention
to my
classmates, I went straight to the teacher and
asked if this was the right class. With a soft
voice
he
answered.
His
voice
comforted
me
a
little.
He
gave
me
a
sheet
called
Course
Requirements, which I
would never get in India because we didn't have
anything like that. Then
he asked me to
choose where I would sit. I didn't actually want
to pick a seat. In India we had
fixed
seats, so I never needed to worry about that. I
spent the rest of the class taking notes from
the image produced by the overhead
projector. In Indian schools, we didn't use the
technology
we had. We had to take notes
as the teacher spoke.
It
was noon. I was very confused about when I would
have lunch. I went to my next class and
the bell rang as I entered. I went
through the regular process of asking the teacher
if I was in the
right class. She said,
Changing from a gentle tone to a
harsher(
刺耳的
)one, she said,
man.
I
apologized. Without another word I headed for the
cafeteria. I felt lucky because we didn't
have this in India. Every confusion
seemed like a barrier I had to get through to
reach my goal. At
the end of the day, I
was on my way to the bus which we didn't have in
India either. I spotted my
bus and sat
down inside happily. I was thinking, today wasn't
so bad.
（
1
）
The
author attended an American high school because
_______.
A. his
father preferred American schools
B. his family wanted him to have a
bright future
C. his mother
had worked in it for 3 years
D. he had been longing to leave his
homeland
（
2
）
What do we know about the
author's first day of school?
A. He went to the wrong
class for the second period.
B. He met some enthusiastic teachers
and classmates.
C. He got
the Course Requirements sheet from his
classmate.
D. He experienced
differences from the Indian schools in many
ways.
（
3
）
How
did the author feel at the end of the day?
A. Worried
B. Puzzled C. Relieved
D. Excited
【答案】
<
/p>
（
1
）
B
（
2
）
D
（
3
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文
，作者从印度来到美国，在美国上高中。作者记叙了
第一天上学的经历和感受。
（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
had
traveled…
join
my
parents…,
hoping
America
would help my
future. My father decided that I would be better
off going to school here
可知，
作
者的父母希望美国会对作者的未来有好处，在美国上学作者会更好。故选
B
。
（
< br>2
）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的
I would never get in India”“I didn't actually want to pick a seat. In India we had fixed seats
，
I
spent the
rest of the class taking notes from the image
produced by the overhead projector. In
Indian schools, we didn't use the
technol
ogy we
had”
以及第六段中的
“I felt lucky
because we
didn't
have
this
in
India
可知，作者在美国上学的第一天，遇到了很多和印度不一样的地
方。例如
：自己选择座位，课程安排等。故结合选项，选
D
。
（
3
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
my second
period class after I had missed my first.
Wit
h anxiety…
和最后一段中的
< br>
bus and sat down inside happily. I
was thinking, today wasn't so bad
可知，作者一
开始非常害
怕，非常焦虑，但是到了这一天结束的时候，他感觉这一天不是那么糟糕。由
此可以推
知，作者的焦虑最终得以缓解。选
C
< br>。
【点评】本题考点涉及细
节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需
要准确捕捉细节信息，并
根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
4
．
阅读理解
Losing a wallet is one
of those careless acts most of us have come
across, at some point or the
other in
our lives. While most of us tend to move on after
mourning over the lost necessities,
there are a few lucky ones who get them
back, with the help of the police or the
generosity of
the person who finds
it.
And
then
there
is
Hunter
Shamatt,
who
not
only
got
back
his
wallet
but
with
some
added
happiness that was tagged
along!
Hunter
was
on
his
way
to
attend
his
sister's
wedding
on
a
Las
Vegas-bound
flight
when
he
realized that he has misplaced his
wallet, sometime during the journey. Hunter's
family reached
out to the Frontier
flight to enquire if someone had handed it over to
them. Unfortunately, there
was no sign
of the missing wallet.
But wait. The story was far from over. Just a week
after Hunter's sister's wedding, he received a
package in his mail. And guess what?
There was his wallet! Surprisingly, the wallet was
not the
only thing that was inside the
package. It also had a handwritten note for Hunter
which turned
out to be a bonus! The
piece of paper read,
—
row 12, seat F
wedged between
the seat and wall.
Thought you might want it back. All the
best.
P
.S.
I
rounded
your
cash
up
to
an
even
$$100,
so
you
could
celebrate
getting
your
wallet
back.
HAVE FUN!!!
Moved by the touching gesture, Hunter's mom,
Jeannie Shamatt, decided to write a post on
Facebook giving a detailed description
of the incident. She also urged everyone to share
the post
as she would like to meet and
greet the person behind the act of kindness,
personally.
Now, thanks
to the astonishing power of social media, the post
finally reached the man behind
the
note. The man was identified as Todd Brown and it
was one of his co-workers who made sure
Jeannie Shamatt's post reaches his
colleague. Jeannie turned to Facebook again to
thank Brown
and his family for
restoring her faith in humanity.
the outcome. This story
is more about restoring faith in people than
anything. We hear a lot of
bad news but
not enough good news. I personally want to thank
Todd Brown and his wife for
restoring
faith that there are amazing people out
there.
（
1
）
How
did Hunter Shamatt get his wallet back?
A. Todd Brown sent it back.
B. The police mailed it
back.
C. He found the wallet
by himself.
D. The
Frontier flight helped him get it back.
（
2
）
Wha
t things were found in the package?
A. A wallet and a tag.
B. A wallet and a note.
C. A note and a tag.
D.
A mail and a tag.
（
3
）
How
did Hunter's mom feel after receiving the package?
A. Touched.
B. Uninterested.
C. Satisfied.
D. Confused.
（
4
）
What does the
author intend to convey?
A. Friendship.
B. Freedom. C. Kindness.
D. Justice.
【答案】
（
1
）
A
（
2
）
B
（
3
）
A
（
4
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文
，叙述了
Todd
Brown
捡到<
/p>
Hunter
的钱包，将其寄还
给
Hunter
的故事。体现了
Todd
Brown
善良，拾金不昧的品质。
（
1
）考查细节理解。根据
in his mail. And guess what?
There was his wa
llet! … It also had a
handwritten note …
Found
this on a Frontier flight from Omaha to Denver
—
row 12, seat F wedged
between the seat
and wall. Thought you
might want it back. All the best. …
Now, thanks to the astonishing power of
social media, the post finally reached
the man behind the note. The man was identified as
Todd
Brown
可知，
Todd
Brown
捡到了
Hunter
的钱包，然后将它通过邮递的方式寄还给了
Hunter
。故选
A
。
（
2
）考查
细节理解。根据第四段中的
wallet
was
not
the
only
thing
that
was
inside
the
package.
It
also
had
a
handwritten
note
for
Hunter
可知，包裹里不仅有钱包而且有一张便条。故选
B
< br>。
（
3
）考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的
by
the
touching
gesture,
Hunter's
mom,
Jeannie Shamatt,
decided to write a post on Facebook
可知，<
/p>
Hunter
母亲被
Todd Brow
n
拾金
不昧的行为感动了。故选
A
。
（
4
）考查推理判断。通读全文可知，文章叙述了
Todd
Brown
捡到
Hunte
r
的钱包，将其寄
还给
Hunter<
/p>
的故事。这个故事体现了
Todd Brown
< br>善良，拾金不昧的品质。故选
C
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考
查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需
要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从
而选出正确答案。
5
．
阅读短文，从每题所给的
A
、
B
、
C
和
D
四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
At first, Michael
Surrell didn't see the black smoke or flames
shooting from the windows of his
neighbors' home. He and his wife had
just parked around the corner from their own
house, when
they got a call from one of
his daughters:
That's when he saw two
women and a girl panic-stricken on their
doorway.
Surrell,
then
64,
instinctively
ran
inside.
baby
was
8-year-old
Tiara,
the
woman's
granddaughter.
Entering the burning house was like
thick smoke caused him to struggle
blindly around, burned his eyes, and made it
impossible to
breathe. The conditions
would have been risky for anyone, but for Surrell,
who has lung disease,
they were life-
threatening. After a few minutes in the smoke-
filled house, he withdrew outside to
catch his breath.
deep breath, he went in
a second time. The darkness was overwhelming. Yet
because the house
had
a
similar
design
to
his,
Surrell
found
the
stairs
and
made
it
to
the
second
floor.
He
was
already
out
of
breath.
Then
a
soft
but
distinct
moan
appeared.
He
crawled
toward
the
sound,
feeling around for any sign of the
girl. Finally, he touched something. A shoe, then
an ankle. He
pulled
Tiara
into
his
arms.
Turning,
he
fought
through
the
smoke
and
ran
blindly
into
the
blackness. The next
thing he knew, he was at the front door, then
outside.
Surrell woke up
in the hospital a couple of days later, having
suffered severe burns. Tiara was
released from the hospital after a few
days.
in a heartbeat. Wouldn't give it
a second thought.
（
1
）
What did Surrell do at
the scene of the fire?
A. Called his daughter.
B. Parked his car to safety.
C. Rang the fire department.
D. Rushed into the burning
house.
（
2
< br>）
What is mainly discussed in
Paragraph 3?
A.
How special the house was.
B. How dangerous the situation
was.
C. How Surrell suffered
lung disease.
D. How Surrell
ran back outside.
（
3
）
How
did Surrell manage to find Tiara eventually?
A. By feeling with the aid
of her sound.
B. By
answering to Tiara's loud crying.
C. By shouting her name
desperately.
D. By catching
sight of her shoes.
（
4
）
What can be inferred
about Surrell from the text?
A. He is unwilling to talk
about the rescue again.
B.
He is disappointed to suffer several
burns.
C. He will do the
same without hesitation.
D.
He will think twice before acting.
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（<
/p>
2
）
B
（
3
）
A
（
4
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文
，邻居家起火，小女孩被困在里面，
Surrell
奋不顾身<
/p>
地冲进燃烧的大火，最终把女孩救了出来。当
Surrell
在医院里醒过来时说他以后会毫不犹
豫地做同样的事情。
（
1
）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的
“Though
the
fire
department
had
been
called,
Surrel
l,
then 64,
instinctively ran
inside.”
和第三段中的
“Entering the
burning house was like‘running into
a
bucket of black paint,’ Surrell says.”
可
知，
Surrell
在火灾现场冲进燃烧的房子。故选
D
。
（
2
）考查段落大意。根据第三段中的
“Entering
the
burning
house
was
like
‘running
into
a
bucket of black paint,’
Surrell says.”
可知，第三段讨论的是
“
多么危险的情况。
”
故选
B
。
（
3
）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的
“He was already out of breath. Then a
soft but distinct
moan appeared. He
crawled toward the sound, feeling around for any
sign of the girl. Finally, he
touched
something. A shoe, then an ankle. He
pulled Tiara into his arms.”
他已经上气不接下气
了。就在这时一个轻柔的呻吟出现了。他爬向声音，感觉到女孩的迹
象。最后，他触摸到
一只鞋，然后摸到了她的脚踝。他把
Tia
ra
拉到他怀里。可知，
Surrell
最终通过收到
Tiara
的哭声找到了
Tiara
。故选
A
。
（
4
< br>）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
in a
heartbeat. Wouldn't give it a second thought.
可推知，他会毫不犹豫地做同样的事情。故
选
C<
/p>
。
【点评】
本题考点涉及推理判断和段落大意两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考
生根据上
下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
6
．
阅读短
文，从每题所给的
A
、
B
、
C
和
D
< br>四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Grey clouds move as low as smoke
over the treetops at Lolo Pass. The ground is
white. The day
is
June
10.
It
has
been
snowing
for
the
past
four
days
in
the
Bitterroot
Mountains.
Wayne
Fairchild
is
getting
worried about
our
trek
over
the
Lolo
Trail
—
95
miles
from
Lolo
Montana
to
Weippe
in Idaho, across the roughest country in the West.
Lewis and Clark were nearly defeated
200
years
ago
by
snowstorms
on
the
Lolo.
Today
Fairchild
is
nervously
checking
the
weather
reports. He has agreed to take me
across the toughest, middle section of the
trail.
When Lewis
climbed on top of Lemhi Pass, 140 miles south of
Missoula, on August 12, 1805, he
was
astonished by what was in front of him;
their
tops
partially
covered
with
snow.
Nobody
in
what
was
then
the
US
knew
the
Rocky
Mountains existed, with peaks twice as
high as anything in the Appalachians back
East.
Today
their
pathway
through
those
mountains
holds
more
attraction
than
any other
ground
over which they
traveled, for its raw wilderness is an evidence to
the character of two cultures:
the
explorers
who
braved
its
hardships
and
the
Native Americans
who
prize
and
conserve
the
path
as
a
sacred
(
神圣的
)
gift.
It
remains
today
the
same
condition
as
when
Lewis
and
Clark
walked it.
The Lolo is passable only from July to mid-
September. Our luck is holding with the weather,
although the snow keeps getting deeper.
As we climb to Indian Post Office, the highest
point on
the trail at 7, 033 ft, we
have covered 13 miles in soft snow, and we hardly
have enough energy to
make dinner.
After a meal of chicken, I sit on a rock on top of
the ridge (
山脊
). There is no
light
visible in any direction, not
even another campfire. For four days we do not see
another human
being. We are occupied
with the things that mix fear with joy. In our
imagination we have finally
caught up
with Lewis and Clark.
（
1
）
According to the
passage, the word
A. a
comfortable walk in a separate country
B. a pleasant journey across the
countryside
C. a journey
over untraveled pathways
D.
a long, hard journey over rough areas
（
2
）
We
learn from the text that before 1805 ________.
A. the Rocky Mountains were
wholly covered with snow
B.
there were no people living in the western part of
America
C. no Americans knew
of the existence of the Rocky Mountains
D. the Appalachians were the western
frontier of the United States
（
3
）
We
learn from the text that the Lolo Pass ________.