-
高二英语阅读理解
(
人物故事
< br>)
易错剖析及解析
一、高中英语阅读理解人物故事类
1
．
阅读理解
Even
if you've
never
been
to
Phoenix,
you
know
this
about
the
place
It's
hot.
From
June
to
September,
the
temperature
can
easily
surpass
the
century
mark.
But
that
doesn't
stop
hikers
from
attempting the 1.3-mile hiking to the top of the
city's famed Camelback Mountain. Signs
warn that the trail is
liter
of
water
per
person.
And
if
you're
still
not
stopped,
another
sign
farther
up
declares:
you're
halfway through your water, turn
around!
Unfortunately,
many people to not take the warnings seriously.
Fortunate y, Scott Cullymore
does. The
53-year-old Cullymore can be found hiking up and
down Camelback a couple of times a
day,
giving out cold bottles of water to worn-out
hikers. He has helped hydrate so many hikers
that he has earned a heavenly nickname:
the Water Angel.
Cullymore was on Camelback Mountain one day in
2015 when a British tourist died after being
lost
for
nearly
six
hours
in
the
July
heat.
That
experience
inspired
him
to
start
helping
people
caught unaware by the
cruelty of Mother Nature.
overestimate
what they can do, and they get themselves in
trouble.
One hiker who
was offered water agrees.
here in the
desert and it surrounds you like a
blanket,
high
school
friend.
They
were
lucky,
he
said
pointing
to
Cullymore.
ran
into
this
Good
Samaritan here.
（
1
）
What is the
first paragraph mainly about?
A. The risks involved in
the hiking.
B. The
seriousness of the warnings.
C. The distribution of signs that warn
hikers. D. The influence of the temperature on
hikers.
（
2
）
Why
did some hikers on Camelback Mountain get in
trouble?
A. They
were not well trained in hiking.
B. They forgot to take enough water
with them.
C. They were too
optimistic about the situation.
D. They were not fit enough to hike the
mountain.
（
3
）
What can we know about Austin
Hill?
A. He
agreed to help others.
B. He was saved by Cullymore.
C. He hiked alone in the desert.
D. He regretted taking a blanket.
（
4
）
What is
the best title for the text?
A. The Camelback Mountain
B. Surviving the Heat
C.
Hikers in Need
D. The Water Angel
【答案】
（
1
）
A
（<
/p>
2
）
C
（
3
）
B
（
4
）
D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文
，远足者低估夏日的
Camelback
Mountain
同时高估自
己的能力，所以在远足途中遇到麻烦，
Cullymore
了解情况后决定帮助他们。
Cu
llymore
通
过在炎炎夏日给那些远足者提供水而被人们亲
切地称为
“
水天使
”
< br>。
（
1
）考查段落大意。根据第一段中的
”From
June
to
September,
the
temperature
can
easily
surpass the century
mark“
；
”Signs warn that the
trail is ‘extremely
difficult’“
；
”If you
continue
,
a posted checklist
suggests at least a liter of water per person.
“
和
“If you're halfway through
your
water, turn
around!”
可知在夏天去
Camelback Moun
tain
远足是非常艰难的，原因有两个：一
个是温度很高，另
一个是水。
故选
A
。
（
2
）
考
查
细
节
理
解
。
根
据
第
三
段
< br>中
的
”They
underestimate
the
mountain,
and
they
overestimate
w
hat they can do, and they get
themselves in trouble.“
可知人们低估了这座山，
同时高估了自己的能力，因此他们陷入麻烦中，即对情况感到过于乐观导致他们涉险。故< p>
选
C
。
（
3
）考查
推理判断。根据最后一段中的
”They were lucky, he said
pointing to Cullymore. ‘We
ran
into
this
Good
Samaritan
here.’”
可知
Austin <
/p>
Hill
说他们很幸运，因为他们遇到了
Cullymore
这个乐善好施的人，故推测
Cullymo
re
救了他。故选
B
。
（
4
）考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的
“He
has
helped
hydrate
so
many
hikers
that
he
has
earned a
heavenly nickname: the Water
Angel.”
和最后一段中的
“And with
that, the Water Angel
goes
in
search
of
another
hiker
in
need.”
以及文章主要内容可知，本文主要叙述了
Cullymore
通过在山上给登山者发水来帮助他们，从而得到
“
水天使
”
的昵称
，即本文主要讲述
“
水天
使
”
的故事。故选
D
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理
判断，段落大意和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一
篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信
息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行
分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正
确答案。
2
．
阅读理解
Many
people
criticize
today's
newspapers
as
sensationalist,
satisfying
the
public's
abnormal
curiosity. But journalism a century ago
was just as notorious
(
臭名昭著
). Publishers at that
time
routinely
competed
with
each
other
for
wild
stories
that
could
draw
in
the
most
readers.
Meanwhile, it was
an ideal atmosphere for a courageous reporter like
Nellie Bly to spring into
fame.
Bly,
whose name was Elizabeth Corcoran, had to work to
make her way in the world. Different
from many women of the time, however,
she refused to let the working world scare her
away.
Her first big opportunity as a
reporter came in 1885 after she wrote an angry
letter denouncing
the
Pittsburgh
Dispatch
for
an
article
it
had
run
criticizing
women
forced
to
work
outside
the
home.
The interested and excited editor hired Bly for
her
the
situations
of
female
factory
workers.
Bly
cared
less
about
their
jobs
than
their
lives
after
work - their amusements, their
motivations, their fears and ambitions. She
produced an article
totally
different
from
what
other
reporters
of
the
time
were
writing:
personal,
thoughtful,
meaningful.
By
1887
Bly
had
a
job
with
the
New
York
World,
one
of
the
leader
papers
of
the
day.
She
quickly
became famous for undercover stories about women
in a mental hospital. Soon she had
investigated life as a maid, a chorus
girl, and even a street girl. In her best - known
brave deeds, in
1890, Bly beat the
famous
novel.
Traveling
by
steamship,
train,
even
ricksha,
Bly
reported
from
each
stop.
A
spellbound
nation hung on
every word. Only 25, Bly had become
internationally famous.
（
1
）
Bly's first
newspaper job was .
A. with the New York World
B. with the Pittsburgh
Dispatch
C. to interview
mental patients
D. to experience life of chorus
girls
（
2
）
What does the underlined word
A. Praising.
B. Questioning. C. Informing.
D. Condemning.
（
3
）
How
did Nellie Bly gain world - wide fame?
A. By criticizing Jules
Verne. B. By competing
with other reporters.
C. By
writing stories through investigation. D. By
caring about women from different
classes.
（
4
）
Which of the following best
describes Nellie Bly?
A. Daring and practical.
B. Acute and confident.
C. Critical and dependent.
D. Calm and enthusiastic.
【答案】
（
1
）
B
（<
/p>
2
）
D
（
3
）
C
（
4
）
A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文
，
Bly
是一名美国女记者
,
在那个记者都热衷于相互竞
争而报道不实新闻特殊年代
< br>,
她选择为女性说话。为了能调查清楚事实
,
她扮成乞丐
,
女仆
,
神
经病患者。她不顾自己的工作甚至安危的态度
,
让她成了美国历史上著名的女记者。
（
1
）考查
细节理解。根据第二段中的
first
big
opportunity
as
a
reporter
came
in
1885
after
she
wrote
an
angry
letter
denouncing
the
Pittsburgh
Dispatch
for
an
article
it
had
run
criticizing women forced to work
outside the home. The interested and excited
editor hired Bly
for her
可知<
/p>
,Bly
写信谴责
Pittsburgh
dispatch
的文章
,
却因为她的
勇气被主编雇佣了。
故选
B
。
（
2
）考查词义猜测。根据该句中的
< br>letter
可知她信的内容是批评
Pittsburg
h
dispatch
的文章。
A.
Praising
表扬；
B.
Questioning.
质问；
C.
Informing.
告知；
D. C
ondemning.
谴责选项中和批评相近的选项是
cond
emn
（谴责）。故选
D
。
（
3
）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的
quickly
became
famous
for
undercover
stories
about
women
in
a
mental
hospital
.
她很快因为揭露精神病院女性的故事而名声大振）可
知
,Bly
是因为报道女性故事而出名的。故选
C
。
（<
/p>
4
）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的
可知她是勇敢的
,
再通过下文讲述她卧底去
调查女性事件
,
说明她是实事求是的人。故选
< br>A
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅
读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选
出正确答案。
3
．
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的
A
、
B
、
C
和
D
四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Friends
always
ask
why
I,
a
middle-aged
woman
with
no
athletic
talent,
travel
to
perilous
places
—
the
jungles of Thailand or Borneo, for example, where
the water is often unsafe and the
food
risky;
places
with
infectious
diseases,
poisonous
snakes
and
the
wildest
animals;
some
places where the locals
are just a few generations past
headhunting.
I never
know how to answer. My travel decisions assumed a
new gravity nine years ago after I
suffered a stroke. To prevent another
stroke, my doctors told me, I'd have to take
dangerously
high levels of blood
thinner (
血液稀释剂
) for the rest
of my life and any travel would be
risky.
I had to think
about what was important to me: family, of course,
and friends. But then what?
No matter
how many times I thought about it, no bucket list
was complete without travel. Then I
had
to decide how I might manage the risk. I had to
decide how lucky I felt.
My return to travel after my stroke came in baby
steps. The first real test of my travel courage
came nine months after my stroke when I
joined my husband, Jack, on a business trip to
China.
After we'd toured the remains of
a Tang dynasty temple on a high mountain, Jack
wanted to ride
down on a toboggan
(
长雪橇
).
Before the stroke it would've
seemed like fun. But now? I hesitated. My mental
klaxon (
高音喇
叭
)
screamed
warnings
about
the
consequences
of
a
cut,
a
fall,
and
a
crash.
Then,
gaining
confidence from who knows where, I
lowered myself carefully into the toboggan, which
marked
my adventure travel
comeback.
In the years
since then, I've traveled about twenty-five
percent of the time. Through it all, my
lucks held out
—
no
deadly falls, no car accidents or serious
infections. For me, adventure travel is
a risk worth taking. Travel broadens my
world and keeps me connected to nature. What's
more,
saying
（
1
）
What does the
underlined word
A. Unique.
B. Dangerous.
C. Historical.
D. Famous.
（
2
）
What did the doctors
advise the author to do?
A. Do proper exercise.
B. Enjoy the rest of her
life.
C. Keep away from
traveling. D. Spend
more time with her family.
（
3
）
Why
did the author mention her travel to China?
A. It was her last
adventure.
B. She recovered
her courage through it.
C.
She liked the beautiful scenery in
China.
D. It was the most
dangerous experience in her life.
（
4
）
What is
the best title for the text?
A. A business trip to China
B. Unique travel experiences
C. Why I still travel to the wild
D. How I overcame the fear of disease
【答案】
（
1
）
B
（<
/p>
2
）
C
（
3
）
B
（
4
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文
。作者讲述了去中国的一次旅行。
（
1
）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的
“the
jungles of Thailand or Borneo, for
example, where
the water is often
unsafe and the food risky; places with infectious
diseases, poisonous snakes
and
the
wildest
animals;
some
places
where
the
locals
are
just
a
few
generations
past
headhunting.“
例如，泰国或婆罗洲的丛林，那里的水往往不安全，食物也很危险；有传染
病、毒蛇和
野生动物的场所；有些地方的本地人刚刚过了猎头的时代。
”
可
推知划线词的意
思是
“
危险的
”
。故选
B
。
（
2
）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的
“To
prevent
another
stroke,
my
doctors
told
me,
I'd
have to take dangerously
high levels of blood thinner
(
血液稀释剂
) for the rest of my
life and any
travel
would
be
r
isky.”
我的医生告诉我，为了防止再次中风，我的余生都必须服用高剂量的
危险血液稀
释剂，任何旅行都是有风险的。
”
可知，医生建议作者远离旅行
。故选
C
。
（
3
）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的
“The
first
real
test
of
my
travel
courage
came
nine
months
after my stroke when I joined my husband, Jack, on
a business trip to China.”
中风九个月
< br>后，我和丈夫杰克一起去中国出差，这是对我旅行勇气的第一次真正考验。
”
可知，作者之
所以提到她的中国之行是因为她通过这件事恢复了勇气
。故选
B
。
（
4
）考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中
的
“For
me,
adventure
travel
is
a
risk
worth
taking.
Travel broadens my world and keeps me
connected to nature. What's more, saying
keeps
me
connected
to
myse
lf.”
对我来说，冒险旅行是值得冒险的。旅行开阔了我的世界，
使我与大自然保持联系。更重要的是，对旅行说
“
是
”
让我和自己保持联系。
”
< br>可知，本文讲
述的是去中国的一次旅行。故选
C
。
【点评】本题考
点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅
读，要求考生根
据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答
案。
4
．
阅读理解
In
the
nineteenth
century,
one
of
America's
greatest
writers,
Walt
Whitman,
helped
people
learn to value poetry. Whitman created
a new kind of poetry.
Walt Whitman was born in eighteen nineteen in New
York City. During his long life, he watched
America
grow from
a young
nation
to
the
strongest
industrial
power
in
the
world.
As
a young
man,
Whitman worked as a school teacher, a printer and
a newspaper reporter. He was thirty-six
years old when he published his first
book of poetry in eighteen fifty-five. He called
it
Leaves of
Grass
. It had only twelve
poems. The poems are written in free verse. The
lines do not follow any
set form. Some
lines are short. Some are long. The words at the
end of each line do not have a
similar
sound. They do not rhyme.
One
of
America's
greatest
thinkers
and
writers
immediately
recognized
the
importance
of
Leaves
of
Grass
.
Ralph
Waldo
Emerson
praised
Whitman's
work.
But
most
other
poets
and
writers said nothing and even denounced
it. Most readers also rejected Whitman's poems.
The
new
form
of
his
poetry
surprised
many
people.
Even
his
own
brother
told
Whitman
that
he
should stop writing poetry. But Whitman
had many things to say. And he continued to say
them.
Readers began to understand that
America had a great new poetic voice.
Walt Whitman's poems praise the
United States and its democracy. The poet
expressed his love
for America and its
people in many ways. Experts today praise Leaves
of Grass as a major literary
work. In
eighteen seventy-three, Walt Whitman suffered a
stroke. He spent the last years of his
life in Camden, New Jersey. Whitman was
poor and weak during the last years of his life.
He died
in eighteen ninety-two. Some
critics say Walt Whitman was a spokesman for
democracy. Others
say he was not a
spokesman for anything. Instead, they simply call
him a great poet.
（
1
）
What can we know about
Whitman?
A. His
poems have the same rhyme.
B. He is the first great poet in the
USA
C. He helped people to
create new poems.
D. His
poems show his love for his country.
（
2
）
Why
was Leaves of Grass refused at first?
A. The poems are quite
short.
B. The form of poetry
is special.
C. Whitman
wasn't famous then.
D. There
are only 12 poems in it.
（
3
）
What does the
underlined word
A. Accused.
B. Downloaded. C. Published.
D. Translated.
（
4
）
What can be a suitable
title for the text?
A. Walt Whitman
—
a
Great Soldier
B. Walt
Whitman
—
an Unfortunate
Poet
C. Walt Whitman and
Leaves of Grass
D. The First
and Greatest Poet in America
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（<
/p>
2
）
B
（
3
）
A
（
4
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇人物介
绍，介绍了美国著名的诗人
Walt
Whitman
以及他的
代表作《草叶集》。
（
1
< br>）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的
“Walt Whitman's
poems praise the United States and
its
democracy.
The
poet
expressed
his
love
for
America
and
its
people
in
many
ways.”
Walt
Whitm
an
的诗赞美美国及其民主。这位诗人以多种方式表达了他对美国及其人民的热爱。
可知选
D
。
（
2
）考查
细节理解。根据第三段中的
“The
new
form
of
his
poetry
surprised many
people.
”
< br>他的新诗形式使许多人感到惊讶，故选
B
。
（
3
< br>）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的
“But
most
other
poets
and
writers
said
nothing
and
even
denounced it.
”
可知，人们不接受
Walt Whi
tman
的诗集，可推知
denounced
< br>可能是
“
指
责，批评
”
之意，选
A
。
（
4
）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文讲述了美国著名作家
Walt
Whitman
以及他的代
表作《草叶集》，
并围绕《草叶集》的开始不被接受到最后的大受欢迎展开，故选
C
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理
解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅
读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息
的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推
理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确
答案。
5
．
Choose the one
that fits best according to the information given
in the passage you have read.
In
1888
an
Egyptian
farmer
digging
in
the
sand
near
the
village
of
Istabl
Antar
uncovered
a
mass
grave.
The
bodies
weren't
human.
They
were
feline
—
ancient
cats
that
had
been
mummified(
木乃伊化的
)
and buried in holes in astonishing numbers.
there
English Illustrated
Magazine
,
layer of them, a
layer thicker than most coal joints, ten to twenty
cats deep.
wrapped cats still looked
presentable, and a few even had golden faces.
Village children
peddled
the best ones to tourists for change;
the rest were sold as fertilizer. One ship
transported about
180,000, weighing
some 38, 000 pounds, to Liverpool to be spread on
the fields of England.
Those were the days of generously funded
explorations
—
that dragged
through acres of desert
in their quest
for royal tombs, and for splendid gold and painted
masks to decorate the estates
and
museums of Europe and America. The many thousands
of mummified animals that turned
up at
religious sites throughout Egypt were just things
to be cleared away to get at the good stuff.
Few people studied them, and their
importance was generally unrecognized.
In
the
century
since
then,
archaeology
has
become
less
of
a
treasure
hunt
and
more
of
a
science. Archaeologists now realize
that much of their sites' wealth lies in the
majority of details
about ordinary
folks
—
what they did, what
they thought, how they prayed. And animal mummies
are a big part of that.
really
displays
of
daily
life,
says
Egyptologist
Salima
Ikram.
After
peering
beneath
bandages with x-rays and cataloguing
her findings, she created a gallery for the
collection
—
a
bridge between people today and those
of long ago.
suddenly you say, Oh, King
So-and-So had a pet. I have a pet. And instead of
being at a distance of
5,000-plus
years, the ancient Egyptians become clearer and
closer to us.
（
1<
/p>
）
Which of the following words
has the closest meaning to
peddled
A. modernized B.
displayed C. illustrated
D. demonstrated
（
2
）
Why
was archaeology once referred to as a
treasure hunt
A. In the royal tombs, there were many
treasures made of silver and gold.
B. Animal mummies could be made into
fertilizer which is very valuable.
C. It was hard to find animal mummies
since they were buried under dirt.
D. People sought the remains of ancient
Egypt merely for their material value.
（
3
）
Whi
ch of the following is TRUE about Salima Ikram?
A. She wishes to establish
the continuity of pets over history.
B. She believes that studying the
remains can help modern society relate to the
past.
C. She wants to
identify the King's personal belongings and
classify them.
D. She doubts
if current society will understand the
significance of Egyptian remains.
（
4
）
This
article probably encourages the readers to
_____________.
A. value the past by studying the
remains left behind by our ancestors
B. make full use of the remains our
ancestors have left behind
C. understand that animal mummies are
more important than gold and masks
D. become more sensitive to the ancient
lifestyle of our ancestors
【答案】
（
1
）
B
（<
/p>
2
）
D
（
3
）
B
（
4
）
A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文
，自从
1888
年在埃及发现了猫动物的木乃伊之后，大
量的皇家墓穴被挖掘，成千上万的木乃伊被运往世界各地，以攫取物质利益。后来考古学
家不再只是寻宝，而是把它作为一门科学研究。因为木乃伊展示了古埃及人的日常生活。
正如古物学家萨利玛
·
伊克拉姆所说，木乃伊
的研究是现代社会和过去的联系的桥梁。
< br>（
1
）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中
children
peddled
the
best
ones
to
tourists
for
change; the rest were
sold as fertilizer.
可知，
peddle
d
后的
即
把最好的
给游客来换取零钱
，可知，此处的
peddled
是
兜售
给游客以换取零钱，可知
peddle
就是
向他人炫耀从而售出，故
选
B
。
<
/p>
（
2
）考查推理判断。第二段叙述了
最初考古是为了寻找皇家陵墓，寻找华丽的黄金和彩
绘面具来装饰欧洲和美洲的地产和博物馆。成千上万的来自古埃及的动物木乃伊出现在埃
及各地的宗教场所，但很少有人研究它们
。可知，考古
就是寻宝，为了物质上的价值。以
及第三段中的
“
In
the
century
since
then,
archaeology
has
become
less
of
a
treasure
hunt
and more of
a science.
”
从那以后的
一个世纪里，考古学已不再是寻宝，而是一门科
学，可知，他们寻找古埃及的遗迹仅仅是
为了他们的物质价值。分析选项可知
D
项符合题
意，故选
D
。
（
3
）考查
推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“she
created
a
gallery
for
the
collection
—
a
bridge
between people today
and those of long
ago.”
可知，
Salima Ikram
< br>把她的发现进行分类之后，
她为这些收藏品创建了一个画廊
——
一座连接今天的人和很久以前的人的桥梁。以及她的
话<
/p>
have a pet. And instead of
being at a distance of 5,000-plus years, the
ancient Egyptians become
clearer
and
closer
to
us.
你看着这些动物木乃伊，突然你说，哦
，国王某某养了一只宠
物。我有一只宠物。古埃及人与我们之间的距离不再是
5000
多年前的事了，而是变得更加
清晰，离我
们更近了。
由此可推断出她认为研究这些遗迹有助于把现代社会
与过去联系起
来。故选
B
。
（
4
）考查推理判断。本文主要叙述了古代埃及的木乃伊展示了古代埃及人的日常生活，
是了解它们的途径，有助于在现代社会与过去的之间建立一座桥梁。通过研究它们可以让
我们正确的评估过去。分析选项可知
A
符合题意，故选
A
。
【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需
要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
6
．
阅读理解
Recently whenever I
turned on my computer or my mobile phone, news
about the great effect
of Hurricane
Harvey on thousands of people caught my eyes. We
saw many unfortunate events.
However,
there
were
also
the
bright
news
that
confirmed
the
goodness
of
mankind.
As
a
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