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重庆青学园教育咨询有限公司
2012
年高考英语阅读理解训练：
人物传记类
(
一
)(2011·
山东高考
)
Arthur Miller
(1915
—
2005) is universally
recognized as one of the greatest dramatists
of the 20th century. Miller's father
had moved to the USA from Austria??Hungary, drawn
like
so many others by the “Great
American Dream”. However, he experienced severe
financial
hardship when his family
business was ruined in the Great Depression of the
early 1930s.
Miller's most famous play, Death of a
Salesman, is a powerful attack on the American
system, with its aggressive way of
doing business and its insistence on money and
social
status as indicators of worth.
In Willy Loman, the hero of the play, we see a man
who has
got into trouble with this
system. Willy is “burnt out” and in the cruel
world of business
there is no room for
sentiment: if he can't do the work, then he is no
good to his employer,
the Wagner
Company, and he must go. Willy is painfully aware
of this, and at a loss as to
what to do
with his lack of success. He refuses to face the
fact that he has failed and kills
himself in the end.
When it was
first staged in 1949, the play was greeted with
enthusiastic reviews, and it
won the
Tony Award for Best Play, the New York Drama
Critics' Circle Award, and the Pulitzer
Prize for Drama. It was the first play
to win all three of these major awards.
Miller died of heart failure at his
home in Roxbury, Connecticut, on the evening of
February 10, 2005, the 56th anniversary
of the first performance of Death of a Salesman on
Broadway.
1
．
Why
did Arthur Miller's father move to the USA?
A.
He suffered from severe hunger in his home
country.
B. He was attracted by the “Great
American Dream.”
C. He hoped to
make his son a dramatist.
D. His family business
failed
2
．
The play Death
of a Salesman________.
A. exposes the cruelty of
the American business world
B. discusses
the ways to get promoted in a company
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C. talks about the business career of
Arthur Miller
D. focuses on the skills in doing
business
3
．
What can we
learn about Willy Loman?
A.
He treats his employer badly.
B. He runs the Wagner Company.
C. He is a victim of the
American system.
D. He is
regarded as a hero by his colleagues.
4
．
After it was
first staged, Death of a Salesman________.
A. achieved huge success
B. won the first Tony Award
C. was warmly welcomed by
salesmen
D. was severely
attacked by dramatists
5
．
What is the
text mainly about?
A.
Arthur Miller and his family.
B. The awards Arthur Miller won.
C. The hardship Arthur
Miller experienced.
D.
Arthur Miller and his best??known play.
答案与解析
1
．
B
细节理解题。根据第一段第二句
“Miller's
father had moved to the USA from
Austri
a??Hungary
，
drawn like so
many others by the ‘Great American Dream’”
< br>可知，他父
亲移居美国像其他许多人一样是受当年伟大的美国梦吸引。
2.A
推理判断题。根据第二段可知
，这部戏剧对美国制度是一个抨击，它表现了
咄咄逼人的做生意的方式以及坚信金钱和社
会地位才是财富的象征。
主人公
Wi
lly
陷入
困境，然而生意场上残酷无情：如果他做不了，那么
对老板而言，他就一无是处，他必
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须离开。故此部戏剧揭露了美国职场的残酷。
3
．
C
推理判断题。
根据第二段最后两句
“Wil
ly is painfully aware of this, and at a loss
as to what to do with his lack of
success. He refuses to face the fact that he has
failed and
kills himself in the end.”
可知主人公面对失败无所适从，无法面对现实，从而走向毁灭，
成了
美国资本主义制度下美国梦的牺牲者。故选
C
项。
4.A
细节理解题。
根据第三段可知，
这部戏剧自
1949
第一次搬上银幕就获得了
“
托
尼戏剧音乐奖
”
、
“
< br>纽约戏剧评论奖
”
、
“
普利策戏剧奖
”
三项大奖，获得极大的成功。因
此
A
项正确。
5
．
D
主旨大意题。纵观全文不难看出本文主要介绍
Arthur
Miller
以及他的戏剧
Death of a Sale
sman
《推销员之死》
。其他选项都不全面，只是文中叙述的
一部分。故
D
项正确。
(
二)(2011·福建高考
)
Jacqueline
Bouvier
Kennedy
Onassis
was
one
of
the
most
private
women
in
the
world,
yet
when
she
went
to
work
as
an
editor
in
the
last
two
decades
of her life, she
revealed (
展现
) herself as she
did nowhere else.
After the death of her
second husband, Greek shipping magnate
(
巨
头
) Aristotle
Onassis, Jacqueline's close friend and former
White House
social secretary Letitia
Baldrige made a suggestion that she consider a
career(
职业
) in
consideration, Jacqueline accepted
s
she hoped to find there some ideas about how to
live her own
became not less but more
interested in the last 20
years of her
life, Jacqueline worked as a publisher's
editor
，
first at
Viking,
then
at
Doubleday,
pursuing
(
追求
)
a
late??life
career
longer
than
her
two marriages combined. During her time in
publishing, she was
responsible
for
managing
and
editing
more
than
100
successfully
marketed
books.
Among
the
first
books
were
In
the
Russian
Style
and
Inventive
Paris
also
succeeded
in
persuading
TV
hosts
Bill
Moyers
and
Joseph
Campbell
to
transform
their
popular
television
conversations
into
a
book,
The Power
of book went on to become an international
best?? dealt, too, with Michael Jackson
as he prepared his
autobiography (
自传
)
，
Moonwal
k.
Jacqueline may have been hired for her
name and for her social
relations, but
she soon proved her choices, suggestions and
widespread
social
relations
were
of
benefit
both
to
the
publishing
firms
and
to
Jacqueline
the
books
she
selected
for
publication,
she
built on a lifetime of spending time by
herself as a reader and left a
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record
of
the
growth
of
her
books
are
the
autobiography
she
never
_role_as_First_Lady,_i
n_the_end,_was_overshadowed_by_her_per
f
ormance_as_an_r, few
knew
that
she
had
achieved
so
much.
1
．
We can learn
from the passage that Jacqueline ________.
A
．
became fond of reading
after working as an editor
B
．
was in charge of
publishing 100 books
C
．
promoted her books through
social relations
D
．
gained a lot from her
career as an editor
2
．
The
underlined
sentence
in
the
last
paragraph
probably
means
that
________.
A
．
Jacqueline ended up as an
editor rather than as First Lady
B
．
Jacqueline's life as First
Lady was more colorful than as an
editor
C
．
Jacqueline
was
more
successful
as
an
editor
than
as
First
Lady
D
．
Jacqueline's
role
as
First
Lady
was
more
brilliant
than
as
an
editor
3
．
What can be
inferred from the passage?
A
．
Jacqueline's two marriages
lasted more than 20 years.
B
．
Jacqueline's own
publishing firm was set up eventually.
C
．
Jacqueline's
views
and
beliefs
were
reflected
in
the
books
she
edited.
D
．
Jacqueline's achievements
were widely known.
4
．
The
passage is mainly ________.
A
．
an introduction of
Jacqueline's life both as First Lady and
as an editor
B
．
a brief description of
Jacqueline's lifelong experiences
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