大学英语四级救命班电子讲义

2020

年

12

月

大学英语四级

救命班

电子讲义

四级时间分配

试卷结构

测试内容

测试题型

题目数量

分值比例

考试时间

写作

写作

短

文写作

1 15% 30

分钟

听力理解

短篇新闻

选择题

（单选）

7 7% 25

分钟

长对话

8 8%

听

力篇章

10

20%

阅读理解

词汇理解

选词填空

10

5%

40

分钟

长篇阅读

匹配

10

10%

仔

细阅读

选择题（单选）

10 20%

翻译

汉译英

段落翻译

1 15% 30

分钟

合计

57 100% 125

分钟

第一部分

写作

四级作文常见题型：

图画图表

谚语警句

书信论说文

句子的分类

结

构上分为

简单句

并列句

复合句

语序上分为

倒装和正常语序

语态上分为

主动和被动

一、短句的写法

A man comes. He is attractive. I love him. I will give him a dog. It can make him

happy.

二、

被动

很多人认为合作比个人能力更重要。

Cooperation is claimed to be more crucial than

personal ability.

人们普遍认为网购已经成为一种流行趋势。

Online shopping is argued to be a

popular trend among the young and the old.

在过去几十年里，政府采取了各种措施防止灾害

发生

Various measures, in the past decades, have been taken to prevent disasters.

最近，中国

科学院

(Chinese

Academy

of

Sciences

)

出版了关于其最新科学发现与未来一年展

望的年度

系列报告

An annual report about its latest scientific findings and the prospect of the next year

was recently published by Chinese Academy of Science.

三、并列句

常见的逻辑关系词

第一，

表示因果（世界上最重要的一种关系就是因果关系）

1.

表示原因

because

，

in

that

，

as

,since

because

of=be

responsible

for=due

to=owing

to=thanks

to

2. < /p>

表

示

结

果

so=hence=therefore=thereby=thu s=consequently=in consequence = as a result /consequence

、

第二，

表示对比

1.

表示“相似性的”对比

Likewise =similarly = equally= simultaneously =at

the

same

time=

in

the

meanwhile

2.

表示“差异性的”对比

But,

by

contrast

=

conversely

=

alternatively = on the contrary = on the other hand = otherwise = while = whereas

第三，

表示

递进

besides

=

also

=

in

addition

=

moreover

=

furthermore

=

apart

∕

aside

from

to

put

it

another way = put another way = in other words

换句话说（有补充解释说明的作用）

第四，

表示让步

①

Despite = in spite of = notwithstanding = although = though = as = while =

even

（

if

）

= much as

（用于句首）

虽然

= granting

∕

granted that

②

certainly = of course =

indeed

=

it

is

true

that

…

的确

③

undoubtedly

=

there

is

no

doubt

that

…

毫无疑问的

是……

④

it may be true that

…

或许真实的是……

⑤

there is no denying that

…

不可否

认的是……

⑥

In effect

∕

fact

∕

reality = indeed = virtually

实际上，事实上，的确

第五，

表示条件

①

if

=

providing

∕

provided

∕

suppose

∕

supposing

that

如果，假如

②

in

case of = in the event of

万一……

第六，

表示目的

to= in order to = so as to

第七，

表示引

出新对象

①

About = concerning = regarding = with regard to = as for

∕

to = in respect of

关

于

②

in terms of

就……而论，在……方面

③

when it comes to

…

当提到……时

第八，

表示强调

①

Above all = most important

②

In effect

∕

fact

∕

reality = indeed = virtually

事

实上，

实际上，

的确，

其实

第九，

表示总结

①

On the whole = all in all =overall = in conclusion

∕

summary

∕

general = generally

（

speaking

）

= as a whole =mainly = substantially = to sum

up = conclude = come to the

conclusion

总的来说

②

in short

∕

brief = in a word

简而言之

③

in any case = at any rate =

anyway

总之，无论如何

第十，表示举例

①

Like = such as = for instance

∕

example = take

∕

consider

∕

think of

∕

remember

…

（

as an example

）

= a good case in point is

…

=from

…

to

…

（

to

…）

=to illustrate = as an illustration 1. 1.

在过去一千年里

在过去一千< /p>

年里，

乌镇的水系和生活方式并未经历多少变化

< br>

乌镇的水系和生活方式并未经历多少变化

,,

是一座展现古文明的博物馆

是一座展现古文明的博物馆。

InIn

the

the

past

past

thousand

thousand years, years, tthhee water water system system and and tthhee lliiffee way way ooff

Wuzhen

Wuzhen

have

have

nnoott

gone

gone

through

through

many

many

changes.

changes.

Therefore, Therefore, iitt now now iiss the the museum museum toto show show anicent anicent

civilization. civilization. 2.< /p>

在山东潍坊市，

风筝不仅仅是玩具，

而且 还是这座城市文化的标志。

In Weifang, Shandong, kites are not only for entertainment but also symbolizes the culture of the

city.

3.

这些资金用于改善教学设施、购买书籍，使

16

万多所中小学收益。资金还用于购

置音乐

和绘画器材。现在农村和山区的儿童可以与沿海城市 的儿童一样上音乐和绘画课。

(2014

年

四级）

These

funds

are

used

to

improve

educational

facilities,

purchase

books

and

more than 160 thousands primary schools and middle schools benefit from it. In addition, the

fund is to be used for purchasing music and painting facilities. As a consequence, nowadays the

children in the rural areas can have the music and painting classes as the same as the children in

the coastal cities do. 4.

由于 这个传统，许多年轻人婚后继续与父母同住。今天，这个传统正

在改变。随着住房

条件的改善，越来越多年轻夫妇选择与父母分开住。但他们之间的联 系

依然很密切。

许多老

年人仍然

帮着照看孙辈。

特别是在春节

和中秋 节等重要节日。

As a result of this tradition, many young people continue to live with

their parents after marriage. By contrast, today, the tradition is changing. With the improvement

of

housing

conditions,

an

increasing

number

of

young

couples

choose

to

live

apart

from

their

parents. Nevertheless, the connection between them remains strong. Many old people still have

to look after their grandchildren. At the same time, young couples also get around to visit their

parents

，

< br>especially during the holidays, such as the spring festival and Mid

-

autumn Festival.

四、复合句

1.

主语从句

大学教育极大地促进了社会的进步是显而易见的。

It

is

beyond

dispute that university education promotes the progress of our society obviously. 2.

同位语从句

Garbage sorting, a necessary behavior to control pollution, proves quite crucial throughout china.

Hunting

for

jobs,

a

hot

topic

among

undergraduates,

has

become

the

public

concern

recently.

Optimism, an active mentality, plays a key role in the general routine of everyday living. 3.

定语

和定语从句

I love this kind girl. I love the girl of kindness. I love the girl as kind as an angel. I

love the girl being as kind as an angel. I love the girl who keeps so kind.

①

中国结最初是由手

工艺人发明的，

经过数百年不断的改进，

已经成为一种 优雅多彩的艺

术和工艺。

The Chinese

knot was originally invented by the craftsmen

，

which has become a kind of elegant and colorful

arts and crafts after hundreds of years of continuous improvement.

②

乌镇是浙江的一座古老

水镇，

坐落在京 杭大运河畔。

这是一处迷人的地方，

有许多古桥、

中式旅店和餐馆。

Wuzhen,

which

is

an

ancient

water

town

of

Zhejiang

province,locates

near

the

Beijing

-

Hangzhou

Grand

Canal

，

which

is

really

a

charming

place

with

many

ancient

bridges,

Chinese

style

hotels

and

restaurants

there.

③

功夫是中国武术的俗称。中国武术 的起源可以追溯到自卫的需要、狩

猎活动以及古代中

国的军事训练。

它是中国传统体育运动的一种，

年轻人老年人都练。

Kung

Fu is the common name of Chinese martial arts which can be traced back to self

-

defense needs,

hunting activities and military training in ancient China. Besides, it is a traditional Chinese

sport that both the young and the elderly can practise.

④

剪纸（

paper cutting

） 是中国最为流

行的传统民间艺术形式之一。中国剪纸有一千五百多

年的历史，在明朝和清朝时期（

the

Ming and Qing Dynasties

）特别流行。

Paper cutting is one of the most popular arts in china

which has a history of 1.5thound years and was quite famous in the Ming and Qing dynasties.

⑤

中国人自古以来就在中秋节庆祝丰 收，

这与北美庆祝感恩节非常相似。

Chinese have had the

tradition

to

celebrate

harvest

in

the

Middle

-

Autumn,

which

proves

quite

similar

with

Thanks

-

Giving

Day

in

North

America.

4.

状语和状语从句

1

）

I

love

my

girlfriend.

2)

keeping

pets

can

cultivate

the

love

heart

of

children

although

they

sometimes

bring

much

trouble

for

their

owners.

or

because

taking

care

of

those

little

animals

needs

patience and

care.

or

when

there exists only a child in one family. or by taking a shower or talking with those little animals. 3)

they are singing songs although they have had class for the whole day. they, a group of young

men, who will take part in the examination of CET

-

6 are singing songs which were once popular

when

we

were

young.

5.

三大经典句型：

1)

强调句型

Nothing

is

more

important

than

self

-

reliance in a competitive international environment

就是因为你，

我没有通过六级考试。

It

is

because

of

you

that

I

failed

in

CET

-

6.

就是有很多的因素可以解释我的观点。

There

exist

numerous factors to account for my argument. 2)

虚拟语气

If you are a tear in my eyes, I will

never shed it. 3

）倒装

①

否定词位于句首时

我从来没有这样开心过

Never have i been so happy.

在任何情况下我们绝不能忽略

...

的重要

性

/

严重性；

Under no circumstances can we fail to pour attention into

…

(gravity/ severity)

②

含有

so

…

that

结构的句子，

将

so

引导的部分位于句首时

这个问题是如此重要以至于我们

要给与足够的重视。

< br>

The issue is so grave that we cannot fail to pour attention to it. So grave is

the issue that ......

生命如此短暂，以至于怎样度过都是一种浪费。

Life is so short that it is a

waste of time however we spend it. So short is life that it ......

在大学校园中，浪费这 个问题是

如此的严重以至于不得不引起

（

arose

）

我们的注意了。

So serious is waste that it has to arouse

our

attention.

③

only

引出的状语位于句首时

只有以这种方式，我们才能解决这个问题。

Only in this way can we settle the issue/relieve the phenomenon. 6.

句子的改写和扩写

①

比

如

我绝不嫁给你。

I will never marry you (

初二水平）

You are the last man I want to marry.

（定语从句）

Never will I marry you

（倒装）

By no means will I marry you. I will not marry you

unless the sun rises in the west.(

状语从句

) If you were the last man in the world, I would go to

temple (

虚拟语气

) If you married me, I would jump into the well

②

自行车很重要

Bicycles are

important. Humans cannot live without bicycles.

be+ adj = be of +n bicycles are of great importance to us. Bicycles play an important part/role in

our daily life. (

写作尽量使用词组

) It is the bicycle that plays an important part/role in our daily

life Bicycles are as vital as air and water, which is essential to daily life. Bicycles to humans what

the

foundation

is

to

a

skyscraper/water

is

to

fish/perfume

to

flowers.

句子扩写：

I

love

liuxiaoyan.

I,

a

university

student

from

beijing,

love

liu

who

is

the

most

graceful

and

elegant

English

teacher

I

have

ever

seen.

Smile

makes

people

love

you.

Smile,

the

best

means

for

communicating,

makes

people

who

may

look

serious

and

distant

love

you

at

the

first

sight.

Pollution keeps exceedingly serous . Pollution, a global issue which threatens almost every one,

keeps

exceedingly

serous

with

the

rapid

urbanization.

四级

2019

12

For

this

part,

you

are

allowed

30

minutes

to

write

a

letter

to

a

foreign

friend

who

wants

to

learn

Chinese.

Please

recommend a city to him. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Dear

friend,

I

am

delighted

to

know

that

you

have

a

strong

desire

to

learn

Chinese

in

recent

days.

therefore

，

the letter, to be honest, is to recommend a city to you. When the idea occurs to me,

the

first

city

flashing

in

my

mind

is

Beijing,

the

capital

of

China.

Firstly,

there

exists

language

environment which plays a key role in the process of language learning. As a result, as a modern

city, it provides an excellent language environment for language learners. Besides, in one of the

biggest cities, people are open

-

minded, hospitable, and inclusive. You will soon find that you can

make friends with them quickly. Finally, I hope that you could take my suggestions into serious

consideration, and I am looking forward to your reply at your earliest convenience. Good luck to

you with all aspects of life. Yours sincerely, Li Ming

四级

2020.7 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the use of

translation

apps.

You

can

start

your

essay

with

the

sentence

use

of

translation

apps

is

becoming

increasingly

popular.

You

should

write

at

least

120

words

but

no

more

than

180

words.

The

use

of

translation

apps

is

becoming

increasingly

popular,

which

has

aroused

a

long

-

term discussion among the public. From my perspective, whether translation app is practical

depends

on

the

need

of

different

individuals.

Quite

a

few

elements

can

account

for

my

perspective. On one hand, there is no doubt that the use of translation app could be convenient

and efficient when you read certain foreign materials including some professional papers. Besides,

it

is

when

people

go

abroad

where

they

cannot

speak

native

languages

that

using

translation

apps could make them communicate with natives more fluently. On the other hand, translation

apps, after all, are operated by machines. thus, it is inevitable that some translation goes against

original expression, and even worse, some grammar faults could be found in the translation. As a

result, Just as a coin has two sides, translation apps are no exception. That is to say, when we

download a translation app, we should distinguish its good from bad and use it within reason.

Only in this way can we make translation apps exert a positive effect on our study and career.

四

级

2020.9

Directions:

For

this

part,

you

are

allowed

30

minutes

to

write

an

essay

on

online

dictionaries.

You

can

start

your

essay

with

the

sentence

use

of

online

dictionaries

is

becoming increasingly popular.

In

light

of

the

rapid

improvement

of

science

and

technology,

the

use

of

online

dictionaries

is

becoming

increasingly

popular,

which

has

been

brought

into

the

limelight

under

modern

conditions. As far as I am concerned, we should attach importance to online dictionaries now and

in the future. The popularity of online dictionaries, which really brings much convenience to the

everyday

life

and

study

of youngsters,

may

be explained

by

many

reasons.

The

main

reason

is

that using online dictionaries can save us plenty of

time, which proves in accord with people's

pursuit for higher efficiency. Then more importantly, it is so convenient for us to look up words on

the web because we can effortlessly and rapidly find what we want by tapping words or phrases

and the answer comes in no more than several seconds. So why bother to take a thick dictionary

whenever or wherever?

In short, it is a sound conclusion that can be drawn that the use of online dictionaries, to some

extent, is beneficial to English learners. So it might the right time to download one to serve us in

our daily life.

议论文

第一段引出主题的句子：

①

Recently the issue /problem of

…

has been

in the limelight

（处于关注的中心）

/ brought into focus/ brought to public attentive

（留意的，

关心的）

concern

…

②

Recently

with

the

development

/advance/progress

of

science

and

technology, the phenomenon of

…

has aroused wide concern.

③

Nowadays, it is undeniable

that

……

has almost become the biggest concern of the present

-

day world.

④

What is your idea

as to

…

?

⑤

There exist varying/ a variety of points concerning it.

第一段表示个人观点的表

达

:

In

my

opinion/as

far

as

i

am

concerned/

for

my

part/

from

my

perspective/

it

keeps

my

perspective

that

第二段分析原因的总起句

:

①

The

majority

of

people

would

agree

that

sth

has its deep roots.

②

It is superficially a simple phenomenon, but when subjected to analysis, it

has its fundamental reasons.

③

There stand at least two reasons, from my perspective, for the

present

phenomenon .

④

As

we

know,

recognizing

a

problem

is

the

first

step

in

finding

a

solution.

⑤

There exist numerous elements being responsible for the issue.

⑥

The reason for

this is not far to seek.

第三段总结措施段

:

措施

我们

/

政府

/

家长

/

学校

举例：

Students, from their early age, could be

educated to cultivate the awareness that methods of learning are more important than learning

itself. Authorities could broadcast the importance of community responsibility in public.

第二部

分

翻译

翻译内容中国历史

文化

经济

社会

文章长度四级

140

—

160

words

15

分

1.

评

分标准

本题满分为

15

< br>分，成绩分为六个档次：

13

-

15

分、

10

-

12

分、

7

-

9

分、

4

-

6

分、

1

-

3

分和

0

分。

各档次的评分标准见下表：

13

-

15

分

译文准确表达了原文的意思。

用词贴切，

行文流畅，

基本上无语言错误，

仅有

个别小错。

10

-

12

分

译文基本上表达了原文的意思。< /p>

文字通顺、连贯，无重大语言错误。

7

-

9

分

译文勉强表达了原文的意思。用词 欠准确，语

言错误相当多，其中有些是严重语

言错误。

4

-

6

分

译文仅表达了一小部分原文的意思 。

用词不准确，有相当多的严重语言错误。

1

-

3

分

译文支离破碎。除个别词语或句子 ，绝大

部分文字没有表达原文意思。

0

分

未作 答，

或只有几个孤立的词，

或译文与原文毫不相关。