-
人们常说：
“
爱笑的人运气都不会太差！
”
另外
，
笑对人类健康的好处也得到了专家的
证实
，
原来笑容也可以是一种
“
药
”
。
Health Benefits of Laughter
One
of
the
best
feelings
in
the
world
is
laughter.
It
can
bring
people
together
and
make
amazing connections. It can change the
temperature of a room from unfamiliarity
to a warm
family
－
like atmosphere.
There is already so much to love for
laughter that it seems greedy to look for
more,
but
that
’
s
exactly
what
researchers
Dr.
Lee
Berk
and Dr.
Stanley
Tan
at
the
Loma
Linda
University in California have done.
These two doctors have researched the benefits of
laughter and
found amazing results. Get
ready to laugh!
1.
Lowers
blood pressure
People
who
lower
their
blood
pressure,
even
those
who
start
at
normal
levels,
will
reduce
their risk of stroke
and heart attack. So hold the newspaper, turn to
the funny pages, and enjoy
your
laughter medicine.
2
．
Reduces stress
hormone
(
荷尔蒙
)
levels
By reducing
the level of stress hormones,
you
’
re cutting
the anxiety and stress that affects
your body at
the same time.
Additionally, the reduction of stress hormones may
result in higher immune system
performance. Just think: Laughing along
as a co
－
worker tells a funny
joke can relieve some of
the day’s
stress and help you get other health benefits
too.
3.
Works your
abs
(
腹肌
)
One of the benefits of laughter is that
it can help
you
tone
< br>(
加强
) your abs. When
you are
laughing, the
muscles in your stomach expand and contract,
similar to when you exercise your abs.
Meanwhile,
the
muscles
you
are
not
using
to
laugh
are
getting
an
opportunity
to
relax.
Add
laughter to your regular ab exercise
and make getting abs more enjoyable.
4.
Produces a general sense
of well
－
being
Laughter
can
increase
your
overall
sense
of
well
－
being.
Doctors
have
found
that
people
who have a positive outlook on life
tend to fight diseases better than people who tend
to be more
negative. So smile, laugh,
and live longer!
Section
Ⅰ
Warming Up & Re
ading
—
Comprehending
[
基础词汇
]
1
．
abuse
n
．
&
v
t
.
2
．
ban
v
t
.
n
.
滥用；虐待
禁止；取缔
禁令；谴责
停止
(
做某事
)
；离开
绝望的；拼命的
欠款的；预定的；到期的
3
．
quit
v
t
.
4
．
desperate
adj
.
5
．
due
adj
.
[
拓展词汇
]
6
．
stress
n
．压力；重音
v
t
.
加压力于；使紧张
→
stressful
adj
.
产生压力的；
紧张的
7
．
adolescent
n
．青少年
adj
.
青春期的
→
< br>adolescence
n
．青春期
8
．
addicted
adj
.
入了迷的；上了瘾的
→
addict
n
．对
……
有瘾的人
→
addi
ctive
adj
.
使人上瘾的
9
．
accustom
v
t
.
使习惯于
→
accustomed
adj
.
惯常的；
习惯了的
10
．
automatic
adj
.
无意识的；自动的
→
automatically
ad
v
.
无意识地；
自动地
11
．
mental
adj
.
精神的；
智力的
→
mentally
ad
v
.
精神上；
智力上
→
physical
adj
.
身体的
12
．
abnormal
adj
.
畸形的；异常的
→
normal(
反义词
)
adj
.
正常的
13
．
unfit
< br>adj
.
不健康的；不合适的；
不合格的
→
fit
< br>adj
.
健康的
14
．
strengthen
v
t
.
加强；
巩固；
使坚强
v
i
.
变强
→
st
rength
n
．力量
15
．
disappointed
adj
.
失望的；
沮丧的
→
disappointment
n
.
失望
→
disappointing
adj
.
令人失望
的
16
．
ashamed
adj
.
感到惭愧或羞耻的
→
shame
n
．羞愧
→
shameful
adj
.
可耻的
1
．
addicted to
2
．
over and over
again
3
．
throw
away
4
．
do damage
to
5
．
give up
6
．
due to
7
．
decide on
8
．
instead of
9
．
feel like
(doing)
10
．
accustomed to
对
……
有瘾
再三地；
反复地
扔掉；
抛弃
伤害；
损伤
放弃；
戒掉
由于
……
对
……
作出决定
代替；
而不是
想要
(
做
)
……
习惯于
……
1
．
find it
< br>＋
adj.
＋
to do
sth.
Your mother tells me
that you started smoking some time ago and now you
are finding it difficult
to give it up(
觉得戒烟很难
)
．
2
．
It
’
s time to do sth.
该做
……
了
When
I
was
taken
off
the
school
football
team
because
I
was
unfit,
I
knew
it
was
time
to
quit
smoking(<
/p>
该到戒烟的时候了
)
．
< br>
3
．
as
＋
adj.
＋
a
< br>(
n
)
＋
n
.
＋
as...
< br>和
……
一样
……
I do hope so because I want you to
live as long and healthy a life as I have(
< br>像我这样活得健康长
寿
)
．
4
．
every
time
意为
“
每次
< br>”
，
引导时间状语从句
Every time you feel like smoking a
cigarette(
每当你想要吸烟的时候
),
remind yourself that you
are a
non
?
smoker.
Ⅰ
Fast-
reading
Skim the text and answer the following
questions.
1
．
What does the
passage tell us?
A
．
Tips on how to
give up smoking.
B
．
The harmful
effects of smoking.
C
．
Different ways
people can become addicted to smoking.
D
．
The reasons why
a smoker becomes addicted to smoking and some
advice on how to give up
smoking.
答案：
D
2
．
Find out the
main idea of each paragraph.
Para.1
Para.2
Para.3
Para.4
Para.5
答案：
EABDC
Ⅱ
Careful-
reading
Read the text and then choose the best
answer according to the text.
1
．
How many
suggestions did James’ grandfather give in the
text?
A
．
Three.
C
．
Five.
B
．
Four.
D
．
Six.
A
．
Leading to the
topic by talking about James’ problem of
smoking.
B
．
Introducing
different ways of becoming addicted.
C
．
Telling the
writer’s hope for his grandson
and
advice on stopping smoking.
D
．
Telling the
harmful effects of smoking.
E
．
Telling the
importance of healthy life from the
writer
’
s own life now.
2
．
From the first
two sentences of the letter, we know
James
’
grandpa
________
．
A
．
leads a healthy
life
B
．
feels like
seating himself in the garden
C
．
has nothing to
do at home
D
．
is
tired of a long bike trip
3
．
How did the
writer try to persuade his grandson to get rid of
smoking?
A
．
By
using scientific theory.
B
．
By telling his
own love story.
C
．
Through his
sports activity.
D
．
Through his own
experience.
4
．
From the
passage, we know that
________
．
A
．
the writer
didn
’
t get rid of smoking
B
．
the writer used
to be a member of the school football team
C
．
the writer is
lonely at present
D
．
the
writer
’
s suggestions came
from his experience
答案：
1
－
Ⅲ
Study
－
reading
Analyze
the following difficult sentences in the
text.
1
．
It seems
amazing that at my age I am still fit enough to
cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon.
<
/p>
该句为复合句。
It
在该句中作
____________
主语
，
真正的主语是
____________
，
且
that
不能省略。
[
尝试翻译
]
_______________________________________
______________________
________________
__________________________________________________
______
答案：
形式；
that
引导的从句；这好像很惊奇吧
，
在我这
样的年纪
，
身体还足够健康
，
能在
一个下午骑行
20
千米。
2
．
Believe me, I
know how easy it is to begin smoking and how tough
it is to stop.
本句中
Believe
me
作
____________
，
know
后跟了两个
how
引导的宾语从句
，
其句式
为
“
how
＋
adj
./
ad
v
.
＋主语＋谓语
”，
其
中
it
为形式主语
，
< br>
____________
为真正的主语。
[
尝试翻译
]
_______________________________________
______________________
________________
__________________________________________________
______
答案：
插入语；不定式短语；相信我吧
，
我深知开始吸烟是多么容易而戒烟是多么困难。
3
．
I believed I
was happier and more relaxed after having a
cigarette, so I began to think that I
could only feel good when I smoked.
①本句是一个由
________<
/p>
连接的并列复合句。
②前一分句是复合
句
，
其中
believed
后跟省略了连接词
that
的宾语从句。
③后一分句也是复合句
，
其中
think
后跟
that
引导的宾语从句；宾语从句中又包含
when
引
导的
________
状语从句。
[
尝试翻译
]
_______________________________________
______________________
________________
__________________________________________________
______
答案：
so
；时间；我
(
那时
)
认为
抽了一支烟后就会感到更轻松愉快
，
于是我就开始认为只
有抽烟才能使自己感觉良好。
4
．
When I was
taken off the school football team because I was
unfit, I knew it was time to quit
smoking.
①本句是一个主从复合句。
②主句是
I knew it was time to
quit smoking, knew
后跟省略了连接词
th
at
的宾语从句。
③
When
引导时间状语从句
，
从句中又包含
because
引导的
_
_______
状语从句。
[
尝试翻译
]
_______________________________________
______________________
________________
__________________________________________________
______
答案：
原因；当我因为不健康而被校足球队除名
之后
，
我才知道该是我戒烟的时候了。
ADVICE FROM
GRANDAD
Dear
James
，
It is a
beautiful day here and I am sitting under the big
tree at the end of
the
garden. I have
just returned from a
long bike ride to an old castle. It seems amazing
that
at my age I am still
fit
enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an
afternoon. It
’
s my birthday
in two weeks
’
time and
I’
ll be 82
years
old! I think my long and active life must be
due to
the
healthy life I live.
This brings me to
the real reason for my letter, my dear grandson.
Your mother tells me that
you started
smoking some time ago and now you are finding it
difficult to give it up
. Believe me,
I know how easy it is to begin smoking
and how
tough
it is to stop.
You see, during
adolescence
I also smoked and became
addicted to
cigarettes.
①
at
the end of
在……的尽头
/
末端
②在
It seems
amazing that...
中，
that
引导主语从句，
It
是形式主语。
③
due to
由于……
due
[dju?
US du
?]
adj
.
欠款的；
预定的；到期的
④此处第一个
it<
/p>
是形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式短语
to give it
up
。
⑤
t
ough
[t
?
f]
< br>adj
.
困难的；强硬的
⑥
adolescence
[
?
?
d
?
< br>'les
?
ns]
n
.
青春期
adoles
cent
[
?
?
d
?
'lesnt]
n
.
青少年
adj
.
青春期的
⑦
addicted
to
对……有瘾
addicted<
/p>
[
?
'dIktId]
< br>adj
.
入了迷的；上了瘾的
爷爷的忠告
⑦
⑤
⑥
④
③
②
①
亲爱的詹姆士：
< br>
今天这儿的天气很好。
我正坐在花园尽头的那棵大树底
下呢。
我刚刚才回来，
骑自行车
跑了很
长一段路，一直到了古城堡。这好像很惊奇吧，在我这样的年纪，身体还足够健康，
能在
一个下午骑行
20
千米。再过两个礼拜就是我
< br>82
岁的生日了！我想我
(
之所
以
)
长寿而且
精力充沛，要归功于我过
的健康生活。
这就是我写信给你的真正原因，我亲爱的孙子。
你妈妈告诉我，你不久前开始吸烟了，
而且现在你发现很难把它戒掉。相信我吧，我深知
开始吸烟是多么容易而戒烟是多么困难。
你知道，当我还是一个十几岁的孩子的时候，我
也吸过烟，而且对烟还上了瘾。
By the way, did
you know that this is because you become addicted
in three different ways?
First
，
you
can
become
physically
addicted
to
nicotine,
which
is
one
of
the
hundreds
of
chemicals
in
cigarettes
.
This
means
that
after
a
while
your
body
becomes
accustomed
to
having
nicotine
in
it.
So
when
the
drug
leaves
your
body,
you
get
withdrawal
?
symptoms.
I
remember feeling bad
?
tempered
?
and
sometimes even
in pain. Secondly,
you become addicted
through
habit. As you know, if you do the same thing over
and over again
?
,
you begin to do it
automatically
?
.
Lastly, you can become
mentally
?
addicted. I believed I was happier and
more
relaxed after having a cigarette,
so I began to think that I could only feel good
when I smoked. I
was addicted in all
three ways, so it was very difficult to
quit
?
. But I did
finally
manage
?
.
⑧
first
和
secondly,
lastly
等连用，表示顺序。
⑨
which
引导非限制性定语从句，修饰
nicotine
。
⑩
accustomed
to
习惯于
accustomed<
/p>
[
?
'k
?
st
?
md]
ad
j
.
惯常的；习惯了的
?
withdrawal
[wI?
< br>'dr
???
l]
n
.
收回；撤退；戒毒
(
或脱瘾
)
过程
?
bad-
tempered
adj
.
脾气暴躁的；易怒的
?
as
引导定语从句，
if
引导条件状语从句。
?
automatically
[
??
?
t
?
'm
?
tIklI]
ad
v
< br>.
无意识地；自动地
?
mentally
['ment
?
lI]
ad
v
.
精神上；智力上
?
< br>quit
[kwIt]
v
t
.
停止
(
做某事
)
；离开
?
在“
do/does/did
＋动词原
形”结构中，
do/does/did
为助动词，意为“确实；
的确”，用于
肯定句，起加强语气的作用，有人称和时态的变化。
这儿我顺便问你一个问题，
你知
道上瘾有三个不同方面的原因吗？首先，
你会在身体上
对尼古丁
有瘾，
它是香烟里几百种化学物质之一。
这就是说，
过一段时间以后，你的身体习
惯了香烟里的尼古丁。
因此一旦你的体内没有这种麻醉剂了，
你就会有脱瘾症状。
我
记得曾
⑨
⑩
⑧
感到烦躁，有时甚至痛苦。其次，你也可能因为习惯而上瘾。你知道，如果你反反复复地做
同一件事情，你就会开始自动地做它。最后，你可能在心理上上瘾。我
(
那时
)
认为抽了一支
烟后就
会感到更轻松愉快，于是我就开始认为只有抽烟才能使自己感觉良好。我
(
之所以
)
上
瘾共有三个方面
的原因，因此，要戒烟就很难。但是我最终还是戒掉了。
When
I
was
young,
I
didn
’
t
know
much
about
the
harmful
effects
?
of
smoking.
I
didn’t
know, for example,
that it could do terrible damage
to
?
your heart
and
lungs
?
or that
it was
21
. I certainly
didn’t know their babies
more difficult
for smoking couples to become
pregnant
○
may have
a smaller birth weight or even be
abnormal
?
in some
way. Neither did I know that my
cigarette smoke could affect the health
of non
?
smokers
?
. However, what I did know was
that
?
my
girlfriend thought I smelt
?
terrible. She said my breath and clothes smelt,
and that the ends of
my fingers were
turning yellow
?
. She told me
that she wouldn
’
t go out
with me again unless
?
I
stopped!
I
also
noticed
that
I
became
breathless
?
quickly,
and
that
I
wasn
’
t
enjoying
sport
as
much. When I was taken
off
?
the school football
team because I was
unfit
?
, I knew
it was time
to quit smoking.
I
am
sending
you
some
advice
I
found
on
the
Internet.
It
might
help
you
to
stop
and
strengthen
?
your
resolve
?
. I do hope so
because I want you to live as long and healthy a
life as I
have
?
.
Love from
Grandad
?
effect
[I'fekt]
n
.
结果；效力
?
do damage to...
对……造成伤害
?
< br>lung
[l
??]
n
.
肺
21
pregnant
['pre
ɡ
< br>n
?
nt]
adj
.
怀孕的
○
or
连接两个
that
引导
的宾语从句，其中第一个
that
可省略，但第二个
that
不能省略。
2
2
abnormal
[
?
b'n
??
m
?
l]
adj
.
畸形的；异
常的
○
23
neither
位于句首，所在的句子用部分倒装结构。
○
24
what
引
导主语从句；
that
引导表语从句。
○
25
smell
此处为连系动词，表示“闻起来”，后常接形容词。
○<
/p>
26
said
后有两个宾语从句。
○
27
unles
s
表示“除非”，引导条件状语从句。
○
28
breathless
['b
re
θ
lIs]
adj
.
气喘吁吁的；屏息的
○
29
take off
此处意为“开除；除名”，还可作“脱掉；起飞；成名”讲。
○
30
unfit
[
??
n'fIt]
adj
.
不健康的；不合适的；不合格的
○
31
strengthen
['s
tre
?θ
?
n]
v
t
.
加强；巩固；使坚强
v
i
.
变强
○